Comparative Evaluation of Flexural Strength of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement and Glass Ionomer Cement Modified with Chitosan, Titanium Dioxide Nanopowder and Nanohydroxyapatite: An In Vitro Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of different add-ons on the flexural strength (FS) of glass ionomer cement (GIC). Materials and methods: Around 72 samples were fabricated and divided among the following six different groups: group I-control (conventional GIC-nonmodified), group II-GIC powder modified with 3% titanium dioxide (TiO2) and liquid is unmodified, group III-powder modified with 10% nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and liquid is unmodified, group IV-powder is unmodified and Liquid is modified with 10% chitosan (CH), group V-powder is modified with 3% TiO2 and liquid is modified with 10% CH, and group VI-powder is modified with 10% nHA and liquid is modified with 10% CH. The samples were then subjected to a three-point bending test on a universal testing machine for the evaluation of FS. The results obtained were analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Result: The mean FS value of group V depicts significantly high FS among all groups (29.42 ± 3.35). A significant difference was present in FS amongst all the groups that is groups V>II>IV>VI>III>I. Conclusion: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) powder can be modified with nHA, nanotitanium, and GIC liquid can be modified with CH to improve its FS. Clinical significance: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) supplemented with additives like nanoparticles (NPs) and CH can be used as an enhanced filling material due to its potential antibacterial properties and in areas with a high masticatory load. How to cite this article: Showkat I, Chaudhary S, Sinha AA, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Flexural Strength of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement and Glass Ionomer Cement Modified with Chitosan, Titanium Dioxide Nanopowder and Nanohydroxyapatite: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S72-S76.

A review of bio-impedance devices.

Bio-impedance measurement analysis primarily refers to a safe and a non-invasive technique to analyze the electrical changes in living tissues on the application of low-value alternating current. It finds applications both in the biomedical and the agricultural fields. This paper concisely reviews the origin and measurement approaches for concepts and fundamentals of bio-impedance followed by a critical review on bio-impedance portable devices with main emphasis on the embedded system approach which is in demand due to its miniature size and present lifestyle preference of monitoring health in real time. The paper also provides a comprehensive review of various bio-impedance circuits with emphasis on the measurement and calibration techniques.

Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Tricalcium Silicate-based Materials to Composite Resin with Two Different Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Establishing a strong bond between the pulp capping agent and the restorative material is crucial to the success of the procedure. Without this bond, there is a risk of bacterial infiltration into the pulp, leading to treatment failure. In the past, calcium hydroxide was commonly used for such treatments, but it faced challenges, including poor adhesion to dentin, dissolution over time, and the development of multiple tunnel defects. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), introduced to dentistry in 1993, offered an alternative but came with drawbacks like challenging handling and extended setting times. However, in recent times, several new calcium silicate-based materials have emerged to address MTA's limitations. Two notable examples are Biodentine and MTA Plus. Biodentine, for instance, exhibits excellent sealing ability, while MTA Plus distinguishes itself with a finer particle size compared to traditional MTA. These innovative materials offer promising solutions to enhance the efficacy of pulp capping procedures. Aim: Therefore, in this research, we conducted a comparative analysis of the shear bond strength (SBS) between composite resin and three materials-MTA, MTA Plus, and Biodentine. We examined the effects of applying two distinct adhesive systems in order to evaluate their influence on the bond strength. Materials and methods: A total of 60 acrylic blocks were evenly distributed into three groups, each containing 20 blocks-group I received Biodentine, group II was assigned MTA, and group III received MTA Plus. The respective test materials were compacted into the holes within the blocks. Following this, the samples were incubated for a period of 72 hours. Subsequently, the samples were divided into two subgroups, each consisting of 10 blocks-the self-etch and the total-etch subgroup. The SBS values were then carefully measured for analysis. Result: The SBS of the Biodentine group demonstrated a significantly higher value when compared to the other groups. It's worth noting that when the self-etch adhesive system was employed, the SBS of all the groups experienced a significant reduction. Conclusion: Biodentine cement proves to be an effective choice for pulp capping procedures, regardless of the specific adhesive system employed. Notably, the total-etch adhesive system consistently yields higher bond strength when compared to the self-etch adhesive system. How to cite this article: Kumar V, Showkat I, Manuja N, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Tricalcium Silicate-based Materials to Composite Resin with Two Different Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-3):S272-S277.

Oral Venous Malformation in an 18-Month-Old Child.

Venous malformations (VMs) are part of the spectrum of vascular malformations composed of ectatic venous channels. VMs of the oral cavity in pediatric patients are relatively rare but reportedly carry a higher rate of rupture than in adults. We describe the management of an 18-month-old boy with VM who presented with a localized dome-shaped swelling measuring approximately 9.4 mm by 7.4 mm in the anterior third of the palate. Management with sclerotherapy using an intralesional injection of three percent sodium tetradecyl sulphate was used to treat the lesion with minimum armamentarium, cost, and complication. (J Dent Child 2019;86(3):169-72).