[Trans-translation: main participants and role in the cell life]. / Trans-transliatsiia: osnyvnye uchastniki i rol' v zhizni kletki.

Trans-translation, the unique process of the synthesis of the single polipeptide chain from both mRNA and the coding part of tmRNA, is necessary for the cell viability in the changeable environment. The new data concerning the main participants and physiological role of trans-translation and the conditions in which it occurs are summarized. The possible tmRNA function in the translation quality control is also discussed.