[Cytopathology of plants infected with viruses. Ultrastructure of the leaf cells of cereals affected by rhabdoviruses]. / Tsitopatologiia rastenii pri virusnoi infektsii. Ul'trastruktura kletok list'ev zlakov, zarazhennykh rabdovirusami.

Ultrathin sections of oat, wheat, and ryegrass leaves from healthy plants and plants infected with rhabdoviruses by leafhoppers Laodelphax striatellus Fallen were studied under the electron microscope. The bacilliform virions often surrounded by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, viroplasm, and tubular structures conforming, in diameter and structure, to the rhabdovirion nucleocapsid were observed in the cytoplasm of leaf cells of the diseased plants. The cereal pseudorosette virus [(165-200) x (63-70) nm, CPV] is the causative agent of the disease of cereals in Siberia. The mycoplasma-like organisms were found in the phloem cells of plants infected with CPV. The cereal mosaic virus [(360-420) x (56-64) nm, CMV] is the causative agent of the disease of cereals in the Russian Far East. CMV appears to be a strain of the northern cereal mosaic virus occurring in Japan and China.

[Cytopathology of plants infected with viruses. Ultrastructure of leguminous leaves infected with red clover mottle virus]. / Tsitopatologiia rastenii pri virusnoi infektsii. Ul'trastruktura kletok list'ev bobovykh, zarazhennykh virusom krapchatosti krasnogo klevera.

We studied ultrathin sections of clover, pea, and cowpea leaves from intact plants and after infection by red clover mottle virus (RCMV, comovirus, 28 nm isometric virions) under an electron microscope. Significant pathological changes were observed in the leaf cells after the infection: RCMV virions accumulated in the cytoplasm and vacuoles, tubular structures containing the virion-like particles, as well as vesicular aggregates were observed. Large membrane-containing inclusions with long tubules (approximately 35 nm in diameter) were found in the cytoplasm of the infected clover chlorenchyma cells. Apparently, these novel inclusions correspond to virus-induced protein synthesis.

[A method of determining the specific volume of liposomes with Turnbull blue]. / Metod opredeleniia udel'nogo ob''ema liposom s pomoshch'iu Turnbulevoisini.

A method for measuring the specific volume of liposomes by using ferricyanide as a maker is proposed. Ferricyanide is determined by the formation of Turnbull's blue. Advantages of the use of this reaction are an eightfold increase in the sensitivity and the possibility to determine the marker compound in the spectral region (730 nm) free of any considerable interference of natural compounds. Results of the use of this method for measuring the specific volume of liposomes prepared by ultrasonic treatment of a lipid suspension are reported.

[Comparative study of the structure and protein composition of spermatozoid centrioles from sturgeons and salmon]. / Sravnitel'noe issledovanie stroeniia i belkovogo sostava tsentriolei spermatozoidov osetrovykh i lososevykh ryb.

The aim of the present work was to compare the structure and protein composition of centrioles from spermatozoa of sturgeon and salmon fishes. The total protein content of the extracted fractions was studied by Na-SDS electrophoresis. Proteins with molecular weights from 15 to 170 kDa were detected. In both cases the major protein of centrioles is a protein with a molecular weight equal to that of tubulin. A protein with the molecular weight corresponding to actin was also detected. In both cases the ATPase activity stimulated by Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions was revealed. Electron microscopic studies showed differences in the ultrastructure of centrioles from sturgeon and salmon spermatozoa.

[Studies on the activity of aldolase from rabbit muscles in the presence of liposomes]. / Izuchenie aktivnosti al'dolazy iz m'shts krolika v prisutstvii liposom

Electronmicroscopic studies have been made on the structure of liposomes obtained by the method of Bangham [13] with subsequent ultrasonic desintegration. The effect of muscle aldolase on the structure of liposomes was also investigated. Parallel studies were made on the effect of storage of liposomes upon the activity of aldolase. It was shown that liposomes obtained from chromatographically pure egg lecithin present discrete partially aggregated bodies, 1.000-3.000 A in size, composed by concentric layers, which have a dimension of approximately 40 A and periodicity of about 70 A. Interaction of these particles with the protein results into their desintegration and enlargement, this process being accompanied by the formation of a "fringe" at the edge of the particles. Aldolase activity in these systems in higher than in control. During storage of phosphatide-aqueous system, obtained by the metod of Bungenberg de Jong, activation of aldolase is gradually replaced by its inactivation.