[Impact of additional time spent for vaccination services on overall satisfaction rate in parents].

Objective: To understand the overall satisfaction rate with vaccination services in parents of children, and the impact of additional time consumed for vaccination service on overall satisfaction rate. Methods: From December 2019 to January 2020, a total of 3 178 parents of 0-3 years old children were investigated to collect the information about their basic characteristics, additional time spent for vaccination service and overall satisfaction through questionnaires. Binary logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline model were used to evaluate the impact of additional time spend on the overall satisfaction rate. Results: The overall satisfaction rate of parents with vaccination services was 92.32%. The median time for parents to move from home to vaccination clinic was 10.00 (10.00, 20.00) minutes, the median waiting time to make an appointment was 10.00 (5.00, 15.00) minutes, the median waiting time for vaccination was 5.00 (3.00, 10.00) minutes, and the median total additional time spent was 30.00 (20.00, 45.00) minutes. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting the relevant factors, the main factors affecting the overall satisfaction rate were the waiting time for making an appointment (the 4- minutes group vs. 8- minutes group: OR=1.863, 95%CI: 1.307-2.657), waiting time for vaccination (the <4 minutes group vs. 8- minutes group: OR=1.529, 95%CI: 1.102-2.120; the 4- minutes group vs. 8- minutes group: OR=1.534, 95%CI: 1.104-2.130), total additional time spent (the 15- minutes group vs. 30- minutes group: OR=1.470, 95%CI: 1.094-1.976). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the waiting time for making an appointment (non-linear: χ2=13.18, P=0.001), the waiting time for vaccination (non-linear: χ2=13.50, P=0.001), and the total additional time consumed (non-linear: χ2=9.38, P=0.009) showed a non-linear inverted "V" dose response relationship to the overall satisfaction of vaccination services. Conclusions: The waiting time for parents to make an appointment, the waiting time for vaccination and the total additional time spent for receiving vaccination services affected the overall satisfaction rate of the vaccination services. And the waiting time for making an appointment was the most important factor, and it is necessary to shorten the waiting time for appointment. It is suggested that the vaccination clinic should make use of information technology (such as WeChat public account, APP) to make accurate appointments, make appointments to the time period to control the number of people within time period.

[Analysis of the time for observation and related factors at clinics after vaccination among children's parents].

Objective: To understand the time for observation and related factors in the clinics after vaccination among children's parents. Methods: From December 2019 to January 2020, parents of children aged 0-3 years were recruited by multiple-stage sampling from 34 vaccination clinics in 12 districts and counties in 6 provinces (Shandong, Guangdong, Henan, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, and Liaoning). A questionnaire survey on the time of observation after vaccination was conducted. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of parental observation time after vaccination. Results: A total of 3 292 parents of 0-3 year's old children were selected, and 3 178 parents were finally included in the analysis. 87.85%(2 792/3 178) of the parents reported that the observation time after vaccination at clinics was ≥30 minutes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for the regions, the main factors affecting the observation time at clinics after vaccination among parents appeared as observation time informed by physicians at the clinic appeared ≥30 minutes (OR=31.622, 95%CI: 19.847-50.384), parents were medical personnel (OR=2.779, 95%CI: 1.505-5.133), parents being volunteers working on vaccination-related publicity and education activities (OR=1.986, 95%CI: 1.438-2.743), parents aged 35 years old or above (OR=1.900, 95%CI: 1.215-2.971), being parents of the first child (OR=1.663, 95%CI: 1.282-2.156), per capita annual income of the family as 8 000- Yuan (OR=1.646, 95%CI: 1.168-2.319), children aged 0-12 months old (OR=1.646, 95%CI: 1.203-2.252) or 13-24 months old (OR=1.506, 95%CI: 1.064-2.133), obedient to physicians' advice at the clinic (OR=1.481, 95%CI: 1.067-2.055). Conclusions: The proportions of parents observed for ≥30 minutes at the clinics of vaccination were high. When the information was from the physicians at the vaccination clinic, the observation time was the most critical factor for parents to observe at clinics as required.

Characterization of granular particles isolated from postsynaptic densities.

We describe here the isolation and biochemical characterization of a population of protein aggregates from the postsynaptic density (PSD) prepared from pig cerebral cortex. The protein constituents of these aggregates are linked together primarily by disulfide bonds. Negative staining electron microscopy revealed that the isolated protein aggregates were granular objects with an average outside diameter of approximately 21 nm and with small protrusions on their surface. The major constituents of the isolated granular aggregates consist of tubulin and an unidentified protein of 70 kDa in size. Small amounts of the alpha subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and subunits of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid and NMDA subtypes of glutamate receptors were also detected by immunoblotting. Actin, however, was not found in these granular aggregates. We propose that these granular protein aggregates correspond to the approximately 20-nm-diameter granular particles of the PSD on the basis of their biochemical and morphological characteristics. The spatial arrangement of these granular aggregates relative to other components of the postsynaptic terminal is also postulated here.