Influence of injection rates of calibrating standard solution on monitoring pulse indicator continuous cardiac output.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the influence of injection rates of calibrating standard solution on monitoring pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PICCO, made in Germany), and thereby to provide significant references for clinical practice. METHODS: A total of 108 critical patients in stroke intensive care unit were identified. All these participants received transesophageal cardiac color Doppler ultrasound, and within 15 min PICCO equipment was utilized to monitor the relevant parameters, by means of 0 °C calibrating standard solution, and the injection speeds were 2-4, 5-7, and 8-10 s. Besides, the monitoring indicators were as follows, cardiac index, global ejection fraction, global end diastolic volume index. The potential correlations were evaluated between PICCO and transesophageal cardiac color Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS: All the data was available, and the monitored parameters of PICOO at 2-4, 5-7, and 8-10 s were positively correlated with the parameters obtained from transesophageal cardiac color Doppler ultrasound (P < 0.05). Specially, it is worth emphasizing that the best correlation between them could be provided when the injection rate was 2-4 s. CONCLUSION: When the injection rate at 2-4 s, the parameters obtained by PICOO were much closer to that of transesophageal cardiac color Doppler ultrasound. Furthermore, the parameters of PICOO obtained at 2-4 s could better reflect cardiac function of patients.

Clinical survey of a combined in-office cold light bleaching and nightguard vital bleaching system for tetracycline stained teeth / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a combined in-office cold light bleaching and night-guard vital bleaching (NGVB) system for treating tetracycline stained teeth (TST).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>90 patients with light, medium and heavy TST were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups. 30 patients with 472 TST from the treatment group were treated with in-office cold light bleaching and NGVB, 30 patients with 466 TST from the control group 1 were treated with in-office cold light bleaching and 30 patients with 469 TST from control group 2 were treated with NGVB. At the time of treatment completion, after half a year and after one year, Vitalescence esthetic restorative masters shade guide was used to record the change of color. Bleaching efficacy and course of treatment were calculated, and lightening stability were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Three groups had satisfied lightening efficacy for light TST with 100% bleaching efficacy. The overall efficacy of treatment group and control group 2 were superior to the in-office cold light bleaching system (P < 0.05). Though there was no significant lightening efficacy difference between the treatment group and control group 2 (P > 0.05), the periods of treatment of the treatment group for light, medium and heavy TST were shortened by 43%, 46% and 49%, respectively, compared to the control group 2. 2) All three groups' treatment efficacy for light, medium and heavy TST became weaker progressively (P < 0.05). 3) For the treatment efficacy between the time of treatment completion and after half a year and one year, there was significant statistical difference (P < 0.01) for the control group 1, while there was no significant difference for both the treatment group and the control group 2 (P > 0.05). Both treatment group and control group 2 had better performance in treatment stability than control group 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In treating the light and medium tetracycline stained teeth, the combined in-office cold light bleaching and NGVB system can achieve a more satisfied whitening result in much shorter period, and significantly enhance the long term whitening stability.</p>

Clinical evaluation and laboratory study of ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty anterior teeth or premolars with the diagnosis of periapical periodontitis were divided into two groups (syringe irrigation group, group S and ultrasonic irrigation group, group U) and were evaluated clinically. Sixty extracted teeth with single straight canals were selected. Forty of them were divided into two groups and were evaluated histologically. Another twenty teeth were divided into two groups and were evaluated by SEM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinically, the number of lateral canals obturated in group U was more than that in group S (P < 0.01). The incidence of pain during irrigation were 13.3% in group S, and 3.3% in group U (P > 0.05). Histologically, the amount of organic debris of the root canals in group U were significantly less than that in group S (P < 0.01). By SEM study, the number of visible open dentinal tubules in group U were significantly greater than that in group S (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasonic irrigation of the root canal will be a useful technique in root canal therapy.</p>