RESUMO
AIM: To estimate the character of neurophysiological monitoring in patients with thoracic and lumbar spine injuries at different treatment stages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with non-complicated (22 patients, group 1) and complicated (16 patients, group 2) thoracic and lumbar spine injuries underwent electroneuromyography (ENM) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The examination was performed at early (up to 2 weeks) and later (more than 1 month) post-injury periods, before the operation and on the 10th day after decompressing-stabilizing interventions. RESULTS: Before the operation, 71.4% patients of group 1 had ENM-signs of suppressed motor neuron activity in L5 segment of the spinal cord with peroneal nerve axonopathy. The most significant changes in ENM-indexes were observed in medullary channel stenosis of more than 30%. TMS parameters in group 1 were normal while in the 2nd group, EMN and TMS results before the operation demonstrated preserved motor neuron activity at the injury level despite gross neurological symptoms and 100% of medullary channel lumen deficit. In the postoperative period, ENM and TMS revealed no definite negative dynamics in patients of both groups. Patients with locomotor disorders, who underwent surgery at late post-injury periods, showed neurophysiological dynamics on the 10th day postoperatively. Low amplitude motor evoked potentials (kMEP), which were not present before, suggested initial signs of conductibility restoration (in 22% of patients) that proved the effectiveness of decompressive interventions in the long-term post-injury period. CONCLUSION: ENM- and TMS monitoring in patients with complicated and non-complicated injuries of thoracic and lumbar spine allowed revealing the positive influence of decompressing-stabilizing operations conducted both at early and late post-injury periods on the state of spinal cord conductibility and segmental apparatus.
Assuntos
Potencial Evocado Motor , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Medula Espinal , Estimulação Magnética TranscranianaRESUMO
In pathogenesis of the traumatic disease of the spinal cord, two mechanisms of the injuries of its neuronal apparatus are defined: primary (necrosis) and secondary (apoptosis). In the work a participation of a number of internal causes in the progression of apoptosis in injury of the spinal cord and peripheral nerve trunks, the role of those remains little-studied up to date, is discussed.
Assuntos
Apoptose/genética , Necrose/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Caspases/genética , Caspases/metabolismo , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Necrose/genética , Necrose/metabolismo , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/genética , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos/metabolismo , Nervos Periféricos/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/genética , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/metabolismoAssuntos
Surfactantes Pulmonares/farmacologia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/tratamento farmacológico , Líquido Amniótico/química , Animais , Gasometria , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/química , Bovinos , Cães , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/química , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/patologia , Camundongos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Fosfolipídeos/análise , Gravidez , Surfactantes Pulmonares/química , Surfactantes Pulmonares/toxicidade , Ratos , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/patologiaRESUMO
Light microscopy was used to study rat lungs. Some morphological and biochemical characteristics after single bleomycin intratracheal administration in a dose of 10 mg/kg were studied. Some metabolic changes in the alveolar epithelium and vascular endothelium were estimated quantitatively. The peculiar picture of acute toxic alveolitis in the early stage of the injury and the features of fibrotic alveolitis by the 30-60th day were observed. The LDH and succinate dehydrogenase activities in the alveolar epithelium increased by the 3-7th day and returned to normal by the 30th day. At the same time the PL content increased 2-fold by the 30-60th day. The lysolecithin, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine concentration increased on the 3-7th day and returned to normal level on the 14th day. The phosphatidylglicerol content decreased significantly by the 60th day.