[Indicators of kidney damage in patients with multiple myeloma in the process of chemotherapeutic treatment.]

The purpose was to study the level of acute kidney injury markers cystatin C, KIM-1, IL-18, NGAL and L-FABR in the blood and urine of patients with the initially identified secreting multiple myeloma (MM) before and during chemotherapeutic treatment. The content of renal markers was examined by ELISA using commercial kits. The study included 23 patients with MM who received 6-8 21-day cycles of chemotherapy (CT) according to the VCD scheme. The results were compared in the main group of 13 patients who had a selective plasma exchange a day before each of the cycles of HT with the use of the Evaclio plasma separator and in a control group of 10 patients treated without extracorporeal detoxification. MM patients before treatment showed an increase in blood IL-18 level of 8.6 times, KIM-1 - 3.1 times, L-FABR - 57.4%, cystatin C - 48.4% and also a decrease in the level of NGAL in 75% of patients by 74.3% compared to the level in healthy, while in the urine initially increased only KIM-1 content by 2.4 times and NGAL by 2.6 times. Conducting multi-course chemotherapy with previous plasma exchange had a more lenient effect on MM patients, as evidenced by a lower KIM-1 level in blood and urine after 1 and 2 courses of HT, as well as IL-18 in blood and urine after 1 course of HT in patients of primary group compared with the control group. For patients with a fatal outcome, a sharp increase in the levels of cystatin C, NGAL and L-FABR is characteristic. The analysis of the dynamics of the studied markers of renal damage indicates the correlation of their level with the clinical features of individual patients, the success and tolerability of chemotherapeutic treatment of MM.

[Activation of L-amino acids by aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases from yeast Candida utilis IBPM-405]. / Aktivatsiia l-aminokislot preparatom aminoatsil-tRNK-sintetaz iz drozhzhei candida utilis ibfm-405

The procedure for isolating aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases from yeast Candida utilis IBPM-405 was developed. The rate of activation of L-amino acids in the formation of hydroxamates was different. Aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, tryptophane, phenyl alanine and methionine underwent the highest activation. The activation of alanine, arginine, hydroxyproline, serine and isoleucine was insignificant. Using aspartic acid, it was shown that the hydroxamate formation was ATP-stimulated and that the amount of hydroxamate increased with a rise of the protein concentration in the mixture to 9-10 mg/ml. The hydroxamate formation was inhibited by p-chloromercury-benzoate and heavy metal ions. Yeast aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases showed L-aspartic and L-glutamic activities that were independent from Mg++ ions and ATP.