Analysis of the Utilization of 10 TCM Injections in 9 Hospitals of Luzhou City before and after Administrative Intervention and Pharmuceutical Intervention / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of TCM injection. METHODS:Each 660 medical records were selected from 9 hospitals of Luzhou city before(Jan.-Mar. in 2015)and after(Jan.-Mar. in 2017)administrative intervention and pharmaceutical intervention(called"intervention"for short)according to random number tablet. The consumption sum,DDDs and B/A,utilization,per capita,cost of drug and TCM injection,rational and irrational use were compared before and after intervention. RESULTS:After intervention,total consumption sum and DDDs of 10 TCM injections were decreased in 7 hospitals compared to before intervention,but those of 2 hospitals were increased slightly. Before and after intervention,consumption sum of Xueshuangtong for injection took up the first place among 10 kinds of TCM injection. Top 5 injections in the list of DDDs were the same generally,i.e. Xuesaitong for injection,Xueshuangtong for injection,Shenmai injection,Salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection and Safflower yellow for injection.10 kinds of TCM injections with B/A>1 included Xuesaitong for injection, Salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection,Safflower yellow for injection and Gastrodin injection. After intervention,utilization rate of 10 TCM injections(24.70%)was significantly lower than before intervention(32.42%),rational rate of TCM injection(61.35%)was significantly higher than before intervention(41.59%),with statistical significance(P<0.01). After intervention,the per capita cost of TCM injection,the incidence of function inconsistency,excessive dose,irrational solvent selection,insufficient solvent amount and non-individual injection were significantly lower than before intervention,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in per capita cost of drug,the irrational utilization rate of repeated medication or excessive long treatment course before and after intervention(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The administrative intervention combined with pharmaceutical intervention promote more safe,rational and economical use of TCM injection.

Study on Anti-hepatic Fibrosis Effects of Yidu Tiaogan Mixture on Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of Yidu tiaogan mixture on rats and its mechanism. METH-ODS:60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,colchicine group(positive control,0.2 mg/kg)and Yi-du tiaogan mixture low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(2.7,5.4,10.8 mL/kg). Except for normal group,liver fibrosis model was induced in other groups,and they were given relevant medicine intragastrically during modeling,once a day,for 8 weeks. Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA,PCⅢ,CⅣ,TIMP-1,MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-13,TGF-β1 and TNF-α and the levels of Hyp,SOD,GSH-Px,CAT,MDA,TGF-β1 and TNF-α in liver tissue were detected in rats. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the serum levels of ALT,AST,HA,PCⅢ,CⅣ,TIMP-1,MMP-2,TGF-β1 and TNF-α were increased significantly in model group,while the serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 were decreased significantly(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Yidu tiaogan mixture exerts protective effects on liver fibrosis of rat through regulating TIMP/MMP balance,suppressing oxidative stress,decreasing the level of TGF-β1 and reducing deposition of ex-tracellular matrix in liver.

The protective effect of shenmaisanjie capsule combined with methimazole on L-thyroxine-induced hyper-thyroid hepatic damage in rats / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the protective effects and mechanism of shenmaisanjie capsule(SMSJC) combined with methimazole on the L?thyroxine? induced hyperthyroid hepatic damage in rats. Methods so rats were divided into 5 groups randomly as normal group,model group,SMSJC group(0.48 g/kg),methimazole group (12 mg/kg)and combination group. With the exception of the normal group ,all rats were administered L?thyroxine (800 μg/kg ,ig) daily for 6 weeks. Rats were sacrificed. Blood and liver samples were collected for detecting thyroid and liver function , histological analysis and hepatic activity of SOD , GSH?Px and MDA content. Results The levels of T3,T4,FT3,FT4,ALT,AST,ALP,TBIL in serum and hepatic MDA content declined significantly. Hepatic activity of SOD ,GSH?Px increased obviously. Liver morphologic changes improved in methimazole group and combination group,whereas no significant difference of serum FT3,FT4,TSH level and liver activities of SOD and GSH?Px was noticed in SMSJC group in comparison to model group. Compared with SMSJC or methimazole mono?therapy ,the effect of combination therapy was obvious. However ,serum TRAb level was not significantly different in five groups of rats. Conclusion SMSJC combined with methimazole plays a protective role on hyperthyroidism hepatic damage induced by L?thyroxine in rat. It is proposed that the effect is association with inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress.

Protective Effect of Yidutiaogan Mixture on Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride Complex Factors in Rats / 医药导报

Objective To observe the effect of Yidutiaogan mixture on rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 complex factors. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, colchicine group (0.2 mg·kg-1), Yidutiaogan mixture low-, medium-, and high-dose groups(2.7, 5.4, 10.8 mL·kg-1) (n=10).Except for normal control group, the other groups were given drinking water containing 10% ethanol, subcutaneous injection of 40%CCl4 in olive oil (3 mL·kg-1,twice weekly), and high-fat diet for 8 weeks as the model control group, and they were given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day during modeling. The rats were sacrificed, and the livers were harvested and stained with Masson staining to observe liver fibrosis. Serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, ALB, HA, LN, PCⅢ, C-Ⅳ, and the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-13, and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were detected by biochemical assay, radioimmunoassay and ELISA. Results Compared with normal control group, serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, HA, LN, PCⅢ, and C-Ⅳ were significantly increased in model control group, while serum level of ALB was significantly decreased (P<0.01); the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-2 and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were significantly increased, while the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 were significantly decreased (P<0.01).Compared with the model control group, serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN, PCⅢ, and C-Ⅳ as well as the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-2, and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were all significantly decreased in Yidutiaogan mixture medium-dose, high-dose, and colchicine groups( P<0.05);serum level of ALB as well as the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in liver tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05).However, there was no statistical significance in above indexes in Yidutiaogan mixture low-dose group(P>0.05). Conclusion Yidutiaogan mixture could be used to prevent experimental hepatic fibrosis through regulating TIMPs/MMPs, suppressing TGF-β1 , reducing deposition of extracellular matrix in liver.

Protective Effect of Yidutiaogan Mixture on Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride Complex Factors in Rats / 医药导报

Objective To observe the effect of Yidutiaogan mixture on rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 complex factors. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, colchicine group (0.2 mg·kg-1), Yidutiaogan mixture low-, medium-, and high-dose groups(2.7, 5.4, 10.8 mL·kg-1) (n=10).Except for normal control group, the other groups were given drinking water containing 10% ethanol, subcutaneous injection of 40%CCl4 in olive oil (3 mL·kg-1,twice weekly), and high-fat diet for 8 weeks as the model control group, and they were given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day during modeling. The rats were sacrificed, and the livers were harvested and stained with Masson staining to observe liver fibrosis. Serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, ALB, HA, LN, PCⅢ, C-Ⅳ, and the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-13, and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were detected by biochemical assay, radioimmunoassay and ELISA. Results Compared with normal control group, serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, HA, LN, PCⅢ, and C-Ⅳ were significantly increased in model control group, while serum level of ALB was significantly decreased (P<0.01); the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-2 and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were significantly increased, while the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 were significantly decreased (P<0.01).Compared with the model control group, serum levels of ALT, AST, HA, LN, PCⅢ, and C-Ⅳ as well as the levels of TIMP-1, MMP-2, and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were all significantly decreased in Yidutiaogan mixture medium-dose, high-dose, and colchicine groups( P<0.05);serum level of ALB as well as the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in liver tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05).However, there was no statistical significance in above indexes in Yidutiaogan mixture low-dose group(P>0.05). Conclusion Yidutiaogan mixture could be used to prevent experimental hepatic fibrosis through regulating TIMPs/MMPs, suppressing TGF-β1 , reducing deposition of extracellular matrix in liver.

Investigation and Analysis of General Situation of Pharmacy Department in 35 Hospitals of South Sichuan / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for development of hospital pharmacy and clinical pharmacy in south Sichuan. METHODS:Questionnaire was used to investigate the general situation of secondary and tertiary hospitals in 4 cities of south Sich-uan in aspects of partition layout,staffing situation and job content. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:A total of 40 questionnaires was sent out,35 were effectively received with the effective rate of 87.50%. The partition layout was unreasonable in most surveyed hospitals,and the rate of reaching the standard about the area of drug dispensing sector and warehouse was below 85%. There were 1042 pharmacists in 35 hospitals,which were mainly female of younger than 45 years old. In secondary and ter-tiary hospitals,the rate of pharmaceutical professional and technical personnel of health technology,full-time undergraduate and vice-high above title accounted for 4.78% and 3.67%,17.37% and 31.27%,3.15% and 10.73%,respectively. The number of full-time clinical pharmacists was 24 and 69 in secondary or tertiary hospitals,mainly primary title,middle title and undergradu-ate,of whom 26(27.96%)passed job training of National Health and Family Planning Commission,4(4.30%)passed teaching qualifications training. The rate of pharmacists mainly engaged in drug dispensing and clinical pharmacy was 6.32% and 11.03% in secondary and tertiary hospitals,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The research shows irrationality of partition layout,the shortage of highly educated and highly titles personnel,especially the clinical pharmacy professionals. The large differences exist in hospitals of different levels in several aspects,and the main body of hospital pharmacy should turn to clinical pharmacy.

Analysis on the Use of Psychotherapeutic Agents in Our Hospital During 2004～2006 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical application and trend of psychotherapeutic agents in our hospital.METH-ODS:The application of psychotherapeutic agents in our hospital from 2004 to 2006 was analyzed statistically in respect of drug varieties,consumption sum,DDDs and defined daily cost etc.RESULTS:The consumption sum of antipsychotic agents showed a year-on-year upward trend over the 3 year(379,100 yuan,438,800 yuan and 694,100 yuan,respectively).However,the consumption sum of antidepressants showed a downward trend over the 3 years(444,800yuan,440,200yuan,and 335,800 yuan,respectively).The total consumption of the two(antipsychotic agents and antidepressants) made up over 90% in the total psych-otherapeutic agents.CONCLUSION:Of the total consumption sum of psychotherapeutic agents,antipsychotic agents and antidepressants have made their way into the lead,of which,paroxetine,risperidone and olanzapine showing highest percentages.

Protective Effect of Captopril on Nicotine-induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the protective effect of captopril on the nicotine-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation(EDR) in rat mesenteric arteries and explore the possible mechanisms underlying the observed protective effects of captopril.METHODS: A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group,nicotine group(2 mg?kg-1),captopril group(nicotine 2 mg?kg-1+captopril 3 mg?kg-1).After treatment for 4 weeks,vasodilatation rate of mesenteric arteries,the content of NO and NOS,and the SOD activities in serum were measured.RESULTS: Nicotine significantly decreased the vasodilatation rate of mesenteric arteries and decreased the content of NO and NOS,SOD activities in serum(P

Simultaneous Determination of 2 Constituents in Compound Chloramphenicol Auristillae by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of both chloramphenicol and furacillin in compound chloramphenicol auristillae.METHODS:The determination was performed on Tianhe Kromasil C18 column,the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(60∶40) with flow speed at 1.0ml/min,detection wavelength at 278nm,column temperature at 25℃,and sample size at 20?l.The dexamethasone was used as internal standard.RESULTS:The linear ranges for chloramphenicol and furacillin were 31.75～127?g/ml and 26.25～105?g/ml,respectively;The average recovery rates were 100.4%(RSD=0.89%) and 100.7%(RSD=1.20%),respectively.CONCLUSION:This method is simple in operation,accurate and reliable in determination results and it can be used for the quality control of compound chloramphenicol auristillae.

Quantitative Detection of Bacterial Endotoxin in Bile With Chromogenic Technique / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the relation between the level of bacterial endotoxin and the severeness of biliary tract infection METHDOS:Chromogenic technique was adopted to detect the content of bacterial endotoxin in human bile RESULTS:The level of bacterial endotoxin in human bile raised along with severeness of biliary tract infection CONCLUSION:Detection of bacterial endotoxin in bile using chromogenic technique is of help to the clinical judgement of the severeness of biliary tract infection