[A lobular version of pathogenesis of vascular-aetiology trophic ulcers].

Presented in the article is an original version of the development of vascular-genesis trophic ulcers. The authors have for the first time come out with a suggestion on the relationship between the lobular structure of tissues and microcirculation. To describe this relationship they introduce the notion of the haemodynamic module (HM). The HM is considered to mean a limited by the fibrous capsule functional tissue fragment including haemic and lymphatic vessels. The HM including only the capillary network belongs to the 1st level, that including arterioles belongs to the 2nd level, and the HM including arteries belongs to the 3rd level. The HMs respond by altering their internal pressure on arterial vasomotion and create a significant addition to the vis a tergo. Impairments of arterial or venous circulation are accompanied and followed by pathological changes in HMs, inducing alterations of the epithelium-matrix communications and the development of trophic ulcers.

[On forensic medical diagnosis and statistical recording of intravenous substance abuse].

An increasingly higher mortality rate due to diseases related to injection drug use is reported in the literature. However, the relevant diagnostic criteria and ICD-10 coding methods are incompletely explicated in the current publications, the proposed approaches are contradictory, and their practical application encounters difficulties. Results of autopsy of 100 drug addicts were used to obtain detailed macro- and microscopic picture of pathological changes in their organs, develop a diagnostic algorithm and classification of clinical signs. Recommendations on the documentation of forensic medical diagnosis and death certificates are presented. ICD-10 coding procedures are considered. Results of the study may be useful for raising awareness of thanatologists and histologists about injection narcomania, its clinical manifestations, diagnostic tools, and risk of HIV infection.

[Some aspects of the pathogenesis of trophic venous ulcers].

This paper deals with essentials of trophic venous ulcer pathogenesis, their criticism as well as with the treatment of some phenomena which should be taken into account when creating any new theory of the pathogenesis and essentials of the treatment of trophic ulcers. Basically, this concerns inflammation as a general biological reaction. Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) changes capillary permeability. The paravasal space is invaded by red blood cells. On break down they secrete hemosiderin, protein molecules and lipid complexes. All this is denatured to form substances liable to resorption. According to the biological laws resorption may be brought about only by means of inflammatory reaction, more exactly, through its cellular phases--acute (leucocytic) and chronic (macrophagal). It is assumed that the main signal for activation of leucocytes is accumulation of the above-indicated decomposition products rather than hypertension which, in non-occlusive CVI forms, cannot be proven numerically. The basic cause of trophic ulcers lies in the permanent cellular phase of the common defence inflammatory reaction because of the presence of the non-transient injurious factor. The permanently repeated cycles of the inflammatory trio (vascular, cellular and reparative phases), being in different correlation, form in the ulcer itself an unusual system which is not governed by the regularities of wound process. Bacterial contamination and colonization of trophic ulcer occur without fail but this process bears secondary character after impairment of barrier skin function and emergence of skin defects. At the same time different processes may take place in trophic ulcer such as exudation in the form of serous and seropurulent discharge, formation of the fibrinonecrotic deposit, formation of granulation tissue, and appearance of islets of unstable epithelialization. From the conceptual viewpoint such a state can be regarded as a system marked by closed pseudochaotic activity. To start up healing, this self-reproducing system must be destroyed while ulcer must transform to a wound with the linear sequence of processes.

[Generalized aspergillosis sepsis in a one month old infant with inborn leukemia].

A rare case of aspergillesis sepsis in an one month old baby with inborn leukemia is reported. Of essential importance in the pathology is genetic deficiency of this child, decreased immunity and a grave intoxication due to leukemia chemotherapy.

[The effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the regional hemodynamics in strangulated intestinal obstruction]. / Vliianie nizkointensivnogo lazernogo izlucheniia na regionarnuiu gemodinamiku pri stranguliatsionnoi neprokhodimosti kishechnika.

In the experiment on 214 white rats, the effect of different types of low-intensive laser irradiation and existing methods of treatment on regional hemodynamics in strangulated ileus was studied. Combined use of ultraviolet and helium-neon lasers has to be proved to be the most effective. Ultraviolet laser irradiation contributed to increase in elasticity of the arterial wall and cupping off the vascular spasm, helium-neon irradiation had a stimulating effect on the tissues of the intestinal wall.