Para Vertebral Abscess and Rib Osteomyelitis due to Aspergillous Fumigatus in a Patient with Chronic Granulomatous Disease.

Chronic granulomatous disease is an infrequent primary immunodeficiency characterized by defective intracellular killing of ingested microorganisms thereby making patients highly susceptible to recurrent lite threatening bacterial and fungal infections. In this study, we review the medical course of an 8 yrs old girl with AR-CGD. She suffered from recurrent dermal and deep abscesses, retractable salmonellosis, disseminated BCGosis, recurrent aspergillus infection presenting as mandibular osteomyelitis and pulmonary involvement with invasion to rib and vertebral bodies. Despite of longterm IV amphotricin B, itraconazole and IFN-gamma administration, and surgical interventions (drainage and resection), she died in spite of long term antibiotic anti fungal prophylaxis and interferon-gamma administrations, invasive aspergillosis resistant to current conventional therapies is the cause of 1/2 to 1/3 of CGD deaths.

Comparative study of specific ebv antibodies between children manifest classic triad of mononucleosis with unaffected children in hazrat rasool akram hospital (1998-2000).

Epstein barr virus (EBV) is one of seven known herpes virus pathogenic for humans.Since it is ubiquitous, it infects nearly 95% of individuals worldwide by adulthood .EBV is the etiologic agent of infectious mononucleosis(TM)and is implicated in burkitt lymphoma,nasopharyngeal carcinoma and x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome.Diagnosis of TM based upon clinical manifestations in conjunction with hematologic evidence for lymphocytosis;and serological changes such as heterophil antibody and or antibodies to EBV specific proteins. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of acute and chronic infections by examining the levels of antibodies against viral capsid (VCA-IgG and VCAvIgM) and Epstein Barr nuclear antibody (EBNA-TgG) in the serum of children with IM syndrome (patient group) and the serum of unaffected children (control group). This longitudinal case-control study was performed on thirty one children between I to T4 years old who were admitted to the pediatric ward of Rasool Akram hospital; based on diagnostic parameters for TM within two years( 1998-2000). Fortheen patients were eliminated due to other diagnosis .The average age of remaining T7 patients was 6.9+/-3.3, male/female ratio 9/8.The results of this study showed a significant difference (p 0.03 8)between the amount of EBNA-TgG but no significant difference in the amount of VCA-IgG,VCA-TgM between case and control groups. There is no difference between case and control groups in negative values for VCA- 1gM ,VCA -TgG and EBNA-TgG.

Calcium binding protein immunoreactivity in nucleus rotundus in a reptile, Caiman crocodilus.

Nucleus rotundus is a prominent nucleus in the dorsal thalamus of nonmammalian amniotes. In one group of reptiles, Caiman crocodilus, previous studies have identified three parts of this neuronal aggregate. The central portion, the rotundal core, which receives visual input from the midbrain and projects to a restricted portion of the telencephalon, contains relay cells only. Previous examinations using Nissl morphology indicated that neurons of the rotundal core were not a homogeneous population of cells. The present investigation utilized another methodology to examine cell populations within the rotundal core, immunoreactivity to the calcium binding proteins, calbindin/calretinin and parvalbumin. Light microscopic observations revealed the following features. First, calbindin/calretinin immunoreactive neurons and parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons were present in the rotundal core. Of these two antibodies, immunoreactivity to calbindin/calretinin was much more robust and calbindin/calretinin immunoreactive neurons were more numerous than parvalbumin cells. Second, neurons immunoreactive to either calbindin/calretinin or parvalbumin were not homogeneous but comprised several populations based on perikaryal shape and size and neuronal process morphology. These results are compared with similar data in other amniotes.

Reporte de la resistencia a las drogas en cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis aisladas de pacientes en Irán / Report of resistance to drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in Iran

Se estudiaron 6 472 muestras clínicas de pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis entre marzo de 1993 a marzo de 1994. Se obtuvieron resultados positivos en 443 pacientes; 238 correspondieron al sexo femenino (53,7 por ciento) y 205 (46,3 por ciento) al masculino, predominó el grupo de edad entre 30 y 39 años (31,5 por ciento). La prueba cutánea de sensibilidad al derivado proteico purificado (PPD) fue positiva en 178 pacientes con un rango de 10-14 mm. Se encontraron imágenes radiológicas anormales en 222 pacientes (50,1 por ciento). Se detectó mayor frecuencia de resistencia en las cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en casos con tuberculosis pulmonar. Cuarenta y dos cepas (9,5 por ciento) fueron resistentes a la isoniacida y 31 (7,0 por ciento) a la estreptomicina. Se registró resistencia a 1 droga en 25 aislamientos (5,4 por ciento). Pocas cepas (1,3 por ciento) resultaron resistentes a 3 drogas y 1 de ellas a 5 drogas. Los datos clínicos y epidemiológicos sugieren que la resistencia a las drogas en la tuberculosis comienza a ser un problema importante en la región. El diagnóstico rápido de esta infección y el uso de antibióticos con un espectro reducido puede facilitar el control de esta forma de tuberculosis(AU)

Reporte de la resistencia a las drogas en cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis aisladas de pacientes en Iran / Report of resistance to drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in Iran

Se estudiaron 6 472 muestras clinicas de pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis entre marzo de 1993 a marzo de 1994. Se obtuvieron resultados positivos en 443 pacientes; 238 correspondieron al sexo femenino (53,7 por ciento) y 205 (46,3 por ciento) al masculino, predomino el grupo de edad entre 30 y 39 anos (31,5 por ciento). La prueba cutanea de sensibilidad al derivado proteico purificado (PPD) fue positiva en 178 pacientes con un rango de 10-14 mm. Se encontraron imagenes radiologicas anormales en 222 pacientes (50,1 por ciento). Se detecto mayor frecuencia de resistencia en las cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en casos con tuberculosis pulmonar. Cuarenta y dos cepas (9,5 por ciento) fueron resistentes a la isoniacida y 31 (7,0 por ciento) a la estreptomicina. Se registro resistencia a 1 droga en 25 aislamientos (5,4 por ciento). Pocas cepas (1,3 por ciento) resultaron resistentes a 3 drogas y 1 de ellas a 5 drogas. Los datos clinicos y epidemiologicos sugieren que la resistencia a las drogas en la tuberculosis comienza a ser un problema importante en la region. El diagnostico rapido de esta infeccion y el uso de antibioticos con un espectro reducido puede facilitar el control de esta forma de tuberculosis

[Report of drug resistance in strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in Iran]. / Reporte de la resistencia a las drogas en cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis aisladas de pacientes en Irán.

6,472 clinical samples of patients with tuberculosis suspicion between March, 1993 and March, 1994, were studied. Positive results were obtained in 443 patients; 238 females (53.7%) and 205 males (46.3%). The predominant age group was that between 30 and 39 years (31.5%). The cutaneous test of sensitivity to the purified protein derivate (PPD) was positive in 178 patients with a range of 10-14 mm. Abnormal radiological images were found in 222 patients (50.1%). Higher resistance frequency was detected in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains among cases suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. 42 (9.5%) strains were resistant to isoniazid and 31 (7.0%) to streptomycin. Resistance to one drug was observed in 25 isolations (5.4%). A few strains (1.3%) were resistant to 3 drugs, and 1 of them to 5 drugs. Clinical and epidemiological data suggest that resistance to drugs in tuberculosis is becoming an important problem in the region. The fast diagnosis of this infection and the use of antibiotics with a reduced spectrum may enable the control of this form of tuberculosis.