Assuntos
Ética Médica , Pesquisa/tendências , Genética/tendências , Genoma Humano , Humanos , Opinião Pública , Religião , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Intestinal phospholipase A/lysophospholipase (IPAL) is an intestine-specific brush-border enzyme expressed during development and along the intestinal crypt-villus axis in a pattern similar to another well characterized brush-border enzyme, sucrase-isomaltase (SI). A tissue-specific DNase I hypersensitive site was identified in chromatin from intestinal nuclei immediately upstream from the transcriptional start site of the IPAL gene. Footprinting analysis showed that two DNA elements within the IPAL promoter were protected by intestinal nuclear proteins. The IPAL-FP1 element was shown to be a monomer binding site for Cdx1 and Cdx2, intestine-specific homeobox proteins. Moreover, this site was important for transcriptional activation of the promoter in intestinal cell lines via interaction with Cdx proteins. Nuclear proteins from both liver and intestine interacted with the IPAL-FP2 element, forming a complex consistent with binding to HNF1. Cdx and HNF1 binding sites have also been shown to be the two major regulatory elements responsible for transcriptional activation of the SI gene promoter, which directs intestine-specific transcription in transgenic mice. These findings suggest that enterocyte genes that are expressed in similar developmental patterns may be regulated by the interaction of common DNA elements and their associated transcription factors.
Assuntos
Proteínas Aviárias , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Intestino Delgado/enzimologia , Lisofosfolipase/genética , Proteínas Nucleares , Complexo Sacarase-Isomaltase/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Sítios de Ligação , Fator de Transcrição CDX2 , Clonagem Molecular , Pegada de DNA , Desoxirribonuclease I/metabolismo , Fator 1 Nuclear de Hepatócito , Fator 1-alfa Nuclear de Hepatócito , Fator 1-beta Nuclear de Hepatócito , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/metabolismo , Humanos , Intestino Delgado/citologia , Lisofosfolipase/metabolismo , Camundongos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Coelhos , Sequências Reguladoras de Ácido Nucleico , Complexo Sacarase-Isomaltase/metabolismo , Transativadores , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Transcrição GênicaAssuntos
Queimaduras/cirurgia , Transplante de Pele , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Transplante Heterólogo/métodos , Transplante Homólogo/métodos , Queimaduras/patologia , Queimaduras/fisiopatologia , China , Humanos , Sepse/etiologia , Pele/patologia , Pele/fisiopatologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologiaRESUMO
The prognosis of extensive 3rd degree burns has been considerably improved by the use of homografts pierced with holes to allow application of small portions of autografts. The histological appearances after successful grafting of the skin are described in detail. Grafts of this type allow maximum economy of remaining healthy skin, and this technique is a very great improvement over Mowlem-Jackson's procedure. Successful results have been obtained in 3rd degree burns covering 90% of the body surface.
