RESUMO
A retrospective study was conducted for which records of patients with Retinoblastoma (RB), treated at Lahore General Hospital between 2017 and 2021, were retrieved on February 1, 2022. Staging of RB, neuroimaging, RetCam images, and treatment were analysed. The study included 47 patients (22 females and 25 males). Mean age of presentation was 26.5±15 months. Records of 84 eyes (37 bilateral and 10 unilateral) were examined. Family history was positive in only (n=3) 6.3% cases. Mean follow-up was 22.94±14.4 months. Leucocoria was the commonest presentation, seen in 72 (85.7%) eyes, proptosis in 8 (9.5%), huge fungating mass in 2 (2.4%), while tumour was diagnosed because of screening in 2 (2.4%) patients. Posttreatment complications included cataract in two patients, Ischaemic chorioretinal toxicity, transient macular oedema, orbital oedema and transient intra cranial oedema in one patient each. Two patients had metastasis and underwent systemic chemotherapy. The study showed that patients with retinoblastoma can achieve better results if diagnosed early and treated with newer treatment options.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Retina , Retinoblastoma , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Retinoblastoma/epidemiologia , Retinoblastoma/terapia , Neoplasias da Retina/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Retina/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Países em Desenvolvimento , EdemaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vesico-vaginal Fistula (VVF) is an abnormal communication between bladder and vagina that causes continuous discharge of urine in to vaginal vault. The objective of this study is to describe current trends of aetiology and repair of Vesico-vaginal Fistulae. This is a Descriptive Study, conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi and Combined Military Hospital, Kharian between May 2001 and May 2007. METHODS: All patients diagnosed as cases of vesico-vaginal fistulae were included in the study. Their demographic profile and repair success was determined. RESULTS: A total of 86 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 35.5 years (range 25-46). Total abdominal hysterectomy was the most common cause (53% of the cases) followed by obstetric causes (43.92% of the cases). Success rate of the surgery in the study was 97.5%. CONCLUSION: The common causes of vesico-vaginal fistula in this study were total abdominal hysterectomy and obstetric causes. The success rate was high, yet the attempt should be made to prevent this socially distressing condition.
