Galaxias maculatus (Galaxiidae, Salmoniformes) infectados com Acanthostomoides apophalliformis (Digenea, Platyhelminthes) no Sul da Argentina. Histopatologia e ausência de mortalidade induzida / Galaxias maculatus (Galaxiidae, Salmoniformes) infected with Acanthostomoides apophalliformis (Digenea, Platyhelminthes) in Southern Argentina. Pathology and absence of parasite induced mortality

This study was conducted to analyze at histopathological level, lesions produced by Acanthostomoides apophalliformis in the native fish Galaxias maculatus, and relate them to quantitative results on parasite- induced fish mortality, in Lake Moreno, Southern, Argentina. Absence in most lesions of inflammatory reaction, unaltered hepatic parenchyma at a short distance from the foci of the lesions and viable appearance of parasites, all suggest a good reciprocal adaptation.. This hypothesis is reinforced by data showing the absence of A. apophalliformis induced mortality in the fish population.

Este estudo foi conduzido para analisar ao nível histopatológico, lesões produzidas por Acanthostomoides apophalliformis no peixe nativo Galaxias maculatus, e relacioná-las com os resultados do mortalidade induzida por parasitas na população dessa espécie, no lago Moreno, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Argentina. A ausência de inflamação na maioria das lesões, o fígado sem alterações em uma distância curta do foco das lesões e a aparência viável dos parasitas, sugerem uma boa relação parasita-hospedeiro. Esta hipótese é reforçada pelos dados que mostram a ausência de mortalidade induzida por A. apophalliformis na população dos peixes.

[Parasitic helminths infection in Coho salmón, Oncorhynchus kisutch, during their return to Simpson river, Chile]. / Infección por helmintos parásitos en salmón coho, Oncorhynchus kisutch, durante su retorno al río Simpson, Chile.

Between may and july 1994, 17 adult returning salmons, Oncorhynchus kisutch, were collected in the River Simpson, Chile. All fishes showed infection by plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium sp. in different locations: stomach, spleen, liver, mesenteries and gonads. Infection with larval cestodes of an unidentified species of Phillobothriidae was determined in the intestine of seven (41.2%) salmons and its prevalences of infection showed significant differences between female and male salmons. The 94.4% of total plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium were isolated from the stomach wall. Prevalence and mean intensity of infection by Diphyllobothrium sp. did not show significant differences between fishes of different sex.

[Mycetomas caused by Microsporum canis. Report of one case]. / Micetomas por Microsporum canis. Caso clínico.

We report an eight years old boy presenting with a pyogenic granuloma of the scalp, generalized alopecia, descamative plates in the neck, trunk and limbs and nail involvement. Cultures for fungus of all these lesions disclosed Microspore canis. The patient was treated with oral griseofulvin, miconazole and topical tolnaftate. Five years later and after several incomplete treatments, the patient returns with a fistulous mass of 15 x 8 cm in the dorsal area whose culture revealed Microspore canis. The mass was excised and oral ketoconazole was indicated. After three months of follow up, the patient was lost from control.

Diplostomatid metacercariae in the brain of silversides from Lake Riñihue, Chile.

The tissue locations and effects produced by metacercariae of Diplostomum (Austrodiplostomum) mordax and Tylodelphys destructor in the brain of 30 silversides (Basilichthys australis) from Lake Riñihue in Chile, were evaluated. Metacercariae were mainly observed in the interlobular infoldings, meninges and ventricles of the brain. The prevalence was 18 (60%) and the intensities were usually low (1 to 9 metacercariae), with no inflammation or invasion of the parenchyma, except for one fish which had 130 parasites associated with a moderate inflammatory reaction. Asymmetry in the distribution of metacercariae in the cerebral hemispheres was observed in one (3%) of the 30 fish.

[Usefulness of immunocytochemistry in the identification of Mallory bodies. Theoretical analysis about their formation]. / Utilidad de la inmunocitoquímica en la identificación de cuerpos de Mallory. Análisis teórico de su formación.

BACKGROUND: Mallory bodies are hepatocyte intracytoplasmic inclusions frequently observed in liver diseases. They contain altered intermediary filaments that have immunoreactivity with epidermic antikeratin antibodies (A-QEp). They also contain ubiquitin (Ubq) a 76 residue polypeptide that has an important role in the proteolysis of rapid exchange and abnormal cytosol proteins. AIM: To standardize an immunohistochemical method for the detection of Mallory bodies in percutaneous liver biopsies. METHODS: A-QEP and A-Ubq polyclonal antibodies were used in the study of 131 percutaneous liver biopsies obtained from patients with different liver diseases. Mallory body immunoreactivity was confirmed with immunoelectron microscopy. RESULTS: Mallory bodies had scanty immunostaining with A-QEp, specially in formalin fixed biopsies. There was a specific and sensitive staining with A-Uhq, that was not influenced by the fixation method. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that Mallory bodies are partially formed by altered intermediate filaments. CONCLUSIONS: Antibodies against ubiquitin may be very useful for the detection of Mallory bodies in liver biopsies.

Presencia de condensaciones pericanaliculares inmunogénicamente semejantes a cuerpos de Mallory en colestasia / Presence of perinacular condensations immunogenicaly similar to Mallory's bodies in cholestasia

El rol del citoesqueleto del hepatocito en secreción biliar y en la génesis de colestasia ha sido estudiado especialmente en relación a microfilamentos y microtúbulos, restándosele importancia los filamentos intermedios (FI). En cambio, estudios recientes han demostrado que la integridad de los FI del hepatocito es fundamental en la secreción biliar. Los FI del hepatocito corresponden a citoqueratinas y en ciertas patologías, especialmente de etiología alcohólica, éstos se alteran y en algunas ocasiones forman agregados como los cuerpos de Mallory (CM) cambiando sus características antigénicas. Se estudiaron 131 biopsias hepáticas con técnicas inmunohistoquímicas, utilizando sueros anti-queratinas epidérmicas y anti-ubiquitina, polipéptido de función proteolítica de proteínas anormales. De las biopsias estudiadas, 47 por ciento presentaban signos de colestasia y de éstas, un 64 por ciento presentó inmunorreacción en condensaciones pericanulares con anti-ubiquitina y un porcentaje algo menor con anti-queratinas; el resto de las biopsias fueron negativas con ambos anticuerpos. Estas observaciones indican que en biopsias hepáticas con signos de colestasia, las condensaciones pericaniculares correspondían a FI alterados, con características inmunogénicas semejantes a CM

Immunohistochemical investigation of the magnocellular peptidergic hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the rat chronically stimulated by long-term administration of hypertonic saline.

The hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN), median eminences (ME) and neural lobes (NL) of normally hydrated control rats (group 1), and of rats drinking 2% NaCl for 7 (group 2), 30 (group 3) or 90 days (group 4) were investigated using immunohistochemistry for neurophysins (NP), arginine vasopressin (AVP) or oxytocin (OXY). Animals from the 3 experimental groups showed equivalent decreased levels of immunoreactive NP in the SON and PVN, but the greatest decrease was in the SON. Dendrites of SON and PVN neurons became loaded progressively with immunoreactive NP, AVP and OXY as salt loading proceeded. In rats of group 2, axons leaving the SON and PVN showed a marked depletion of immunoreactive material. The latter was found mainly at the periphery of widely spaced axonal swellings, clearly contrasting with the small and narrowly spaced beads of the neurosecretory axons of control rats. In rats of groups 3 and 4, axons leaving the SON and PVN resembled those of control rats. In the ME of the animals in all experimental groups, the same degree of decrease of immunoreactive NP was observed. In rats of group 3, bundles of axons containing immunoreactive AVP and OXY frequently projected through the ependymal lining of the ME into the third ventricle. In the NL of all experimental animals, a marked decrease occurred in the amount of immunoreactive NP, AVP and OXY. The decrease of immunoreactive AVP, however, was more pronounced in rats of group 2 than in those of groups 3 and 4. The NL of rats in group 4 were approximately 80% larger than those of control rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Identification and distribution of the cell types in the pituitary gland of Austromenidia laticlavia (Teleostei, Atherinidae).

By using antisera against human pituitary hormones in immunocytochemistry in combination with classical cytochemical techniques, we have been able to identify the different cell types in the adenohypophysis of the Austromenidia laticlavia and to determine their location. Antisera against prolactin and growth hormones did not stain cells in the pituitary of Austromenidia, whereas antisera against beta-endorphin, LH, and beta-TSH selectively cross-reacted with cells which have a specific location within the adenohypophysis. The beta-endorphin antiserum stained the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-negative cells in the pars intermedia and also, though faintly, the PAS-negative cells in the internal border of the rostral pars distalis (RPD). Human beta-TSH antiserum showed a discrete population of small PAS-positive cells in the proximal pars distalis (PPD). Antiserum against human LH stained PAS-positive cells located in the most ventral zone of the PPD and around the pars intermedia (PI). The distribution of the different cell types is similar to that of other teleosts. The phylogenetic implications of the degree of cross-reactivity of the antisera against human pituitary hormones with specific cells of the teleost fish pituitary is discussed.

Características anatómicas macroscópicas del ganglio suprarrenoesplácnico del plexo ganglionar solar: plexus coeliacus: en fetos humanos de término / Macroscopic anatomical characteristics of the suprarenosplanic ganglion of the celiac ganglionar plexus: plexus coeliacus: in term human fetus

Se hace un estudio anatómico detallado de 112 ganglios suprarrenoesplácnicos pertenecientes a fetos humanos de término de ambos sexos, teniendo como base la observación directa con el microscopio de operaciones (Carl Zeiss) de disecciones anatómicas especializadas, planificadas y ejecutadas al efecto. Se dan detalles referente a su individualidad morfológica, a la forma, a las dimensiones y a la orientación de ellas; la ubicación (respecto a la arteria aorta, tronco celíaco, D12 y L1); las relaciones (de sus caras y extremos). Las conexiones que presentan con los demás ganglios del plexo; las ramas aferentes que recibe y las eferentes que envía. Se especifica su estructura macroscópica al igual que su vascularización arterial y venosa. Se insiste sobre el valor funcional de la sistematización del ganglio como elemento constitutivo del plexo ganglionar solar

Características anatómicas macroscópicas del ganglio aorticorrenal del plexo ganglionar solar: plexus coeliacus: en fetos humanos de término / Macroscopic anatomical characteristics of the aortic renal ganglion of the celiac ganglionar plexus: plexus coeliacus: in term human fetus

Se hace un estudio anatómico detallado de 112 ganglios aórticorrenales pertenecientes a fetos humanos de término de ambos sexos, teniendo como base la observación directa con el microscopio de operaciones (Carl Zeiss) de disecciones anatómicas especializadas, planificadas y ejecutadas para el efecto. Se dan detalles referente a su individualidad morfológica total o parcial, a la forma, a las dimensiones y a las orientaciones de ellas. Se clarifica la ubicación (en el abdomen, respecto a la arteria aorta, arteria renal, L2 y L3). Se exponen las conexiones que posee el ganglio con los demás componentes del plexo ganglionar solar al igual que las ramas aferentes que recibe y las eferentes que envía. Se especifica la estructura macroscópica lo mismo que su vascularización arterial y venosa. Se insiste sobre el valor de la sistematización arterial y venosa. Se insiste sobre el valor de la sistematización del ganglio como elemento constitutivo del plexo ganglionar solar y se recalca el papel que juega el nervio neumogástrico en la funcionalidad de él

Caracteristicas anatómicas macroscópicas del ganglio yuxtaceliaco del plexo ganglionar solar: plexus coeliacus: en fetos humanos de término / Macroscopic anatomical characteristics of the yuxtaceliac ganglion of the celiac ganglionar plexus: plexus coeliacus: in term human fetus

Se hace un estudio anatómico detallado de 112 ganglios yuxtacelíacos pertenecientes a fetos humanos de término de ambos sexos, teniendo como base la observación directa con el microscopio de operaciones (Carl Zeiss) de disecciones anatómicas especializadas, planificadas y ejecutadas al efecto. Se dan detalles referente a su individualidad morfológica, a la forma, a las dimensiones y a la orientación de ellas. Se clarifica la ubicación (en el abdómen, respecto a la arteria aorta, tronco celíaco, D12 y L1); se exponen las relaciones (de sus caras y extremos). Se expresan las conexiones que posee el ganglio con los demás componentes del plexo ganglionar solar al igual que las ramas aferentes que recibe y las eferentes que envía. Se específica la estructura macroscópica lo mismo que su vascularización arterial y venosa. Se insiste sobre el valor de la sistematización del ganglio como elemento constitutivo del plexo ganglionar solar y se recalca el papel que juegan el nervio neumogástrico y la rama abdominal del nervio frénico en la funcionalidad de él

Características anatómicas macroscópicas del ganglio mesenterico superior del plexo ganglionar solar: plexus coeliacus: en fetos humanos de término / Macroscopic anatomical characteristics of the upper mesenteric ganglion of the celiac ganglionar plexus: plexus coeliacus: in term human fetus

Se hace un estudio detallado de 112 ganglios mesentéricos superiores pertenecientes a fetos humanos de término de ambos sexos, teniendo como base la observación directa con el microscopio de operaciones (Carl Zeiss) de disecciones anatómicas especializadas, planificadas y efectuadas para el hecho. Se dan detalles referente a su invididualidad morfológica, a la forma, a las dimensiones y a la orientación de ellas. La ubicación (respecto a la arteria aorta arteria mesentérica superior y a las vértebras lumbares). Las relaciones (de sus caras y extremos). Las conexiones que presenta con los demás ganglios del plexo-solar; las ramas aferentes que recibe y las eferentes que envía. Se especifica su estructura macroscópica, al igual que su vascularización arterial y venosa. Se insiste sobre el valor de la sistematización del ganglio como elemento constitutivo del plexo ganglionar solar

Reissner's fiber and the wall of the central canal in the lumbo-sacral region of the bovine spinal cord. Comparative immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study.

Reissner's fiber (RF) of the subcommissural organ (SCO), the central canal and its bordering structures, and the filum terminale were investigated in the bovine spinal cord by use of transmission electron microscopy, histochemical methods and light-microscopic immunocytochemistry. The primary antisera were raised against the bovine RF, or the SCO proper. Comparative immunocytochemical studies were also performed on the lumbo-sacral region of the rat, rabbit, dog and pig. At all levels of the bovine spinal cord, RF was strongly immunoreactive with both antisera. From cervical to upper sacral levels of the bovine spinal cord there was an increasing number of ependymal cells immunostainable with both antisera. The free surface of the central canal was covered by a layer of immunoreactive material. At sacral levels small subependymal immunoreactive cells were observed. From all these structures sharing the same immunoreactivity, only RF was stained by the paraldehyde-fuchsin and periodic-acid-Schiff methods. At the ultrastructural level, ependymal cells with numerous protrusions extending into the central canal were seen in the lower lumbar segments, whereas cells displaying signs of secretory activity were principally found in the ependyma of the upper sacral levels. A few cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons were observed at all levels of the spinal cord; they were immunostained with an anti-tubulin serum. The lumbo-sacral segments of the dog, rat and rabbit, either fixed by vascular perfusion or in the same manner as the bovine material, did not show any immunoreactive structure other than RF. The possibilities that the immunoreactive ependymal cells might play a secretory or an absorptive role, or be the result of post-mortem events, are discussed.

Sindrome de Chediak-Higashi. Alteraciones ultraestructurales en el coagulo de medula osea. / Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Ultrastructural changes in the bone marrow clot

Se comunica el caso de una nina de 13 anos portadora de un sindrome de Chediak-Higashi. La microscopia electronica de la medula osea revelo en los percursores mieloides, grandes granulos especificos y abundantes autofagosomas. Se comentan las contribuciones sobre el conocimiento ultraestructural de este sindrome y los avances en la terapia del mismo

Identification of cloned Y chromosomal DNA sequences from a lampbrush loop of Drosophila hydei.

By recombinant DNA techniques, a Y chromosomal sequence of Drosophila hydei was isolated. This DNA sequence of 8.93-kilobase length is a member of a family of repetitive sequences located in the short arm of the Y chromosome. Tissue-specific transcripts complementary to the cloned sequence were found in testes RNA. In situ hybridization demonstrated that such transcripts are present in the lampbrush loop pair "nooses" in primary spermatocyte nuclei--a loop pair that is associated with the only fertility gene in the short arm of the Y chromosome.