RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of single dose of octreotide and compare it with another antisecretory agent racecadotril in the management of acute infective diarrhea. METHODS: A randomized control study was done in the Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease Hospital (Department of Preventive and Social Medicine) of SMS Medical College and Hospital. 150 patients with moderate to severe acute diarrheal illness needing hospitalization were randomly allotted into 3 categories of 50 patients each. The control group received only fluids and antibiotics, the racecadotril group received fluid, antibiotics and oral racecadotril at dose of 1.5 mg/kg three times a day and the octreotide group received octreotide (100 microgram stat) along with fluid and antibiotics. The following end points of the study were compared, namely- frequency, quantity and consistency of stools and fluid requirement per day. RESULTS: The mean (+/- SE) frequency of stools was significantly less (p < 0.001) from day 2 onwards in the octreotide group compared to the control and racecadotril group. Diarrhea stopped in half of the patients in the octreotide group by day 3. The consistency of stools changed significantly in the octreotide group (p < 0.001). No significant difference was seen between the racecadotril and control group (p > 0.05) in terms of the frequency and consistency of stools. The mean (+/- SE) quantity of stools was significantly decreased in the octreotide group (p < 0.001) on day 2 compared to the other two groups. The mean (+/- SE) quantity of fluid required was almost the same in all 3 groups on day 1 (p > 0.05) but it was significantly less in the octreotide group on day 2 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was seen with respect to the fluid requirement between the control and racecadotril group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients who received single dose of octreotide fared better than those patients in control and racecadotril group in terms of frequency, quantity and consistency of stools passed. The fluid requirement was also less in octreotide group. However more trials need to be done to substantiate this finding before octreotide becomes a standard of therapy in acute infective diarrhea.
