Aggressive posterior paraganglioma presenting with generalized weakness, anemia, hypertension, and weight loss: A case report.

Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate from chromaffin cells in the extra-adrenal autonomic nervous system's ganglia. The diagnosis of PGL is made based on clinical characteristics, biochemical tests, imaging, functional studies, and pathology reports. Catecholamines and chromogranin A levels should be evaluated prior to biopsy or surgical excision. We present a case of aggressive PGL in a 55-year-old woman presented with weakness, blurred vision, hypertension, and weight loss.

The effectiveness of ginger extract addition in calorified drinks during perioperative period to nausea severity, vomitus, post-operative anxiety, and metabolic disorder: A randomized control trial.

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of ginger extract addition to pre-operative high calorie drink to reduce nausea, vomiting, anxiety level, and lactate level as a parameter for metabolic derangement in patients undergoing surgery. Materials and methods: A prospective single-blinded randomized controlled trial design, with a study subject elective surgical procedures patient at the Department of Surgery, Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Patient were divided into two groups, group A with standard high calorie drink, and group B standard high calorie drink with ginger extract addition. Anxiety was measured by HARS score and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting were assessed after the operation. The difference of lactate levels was compared before and after operation in two groups. The data distribution was calculated by kolmogorov-smirnov for continues variables. Normal distribution was calculated by t-test, non-normal distribution was calculated by Mann-U Whitney. Nominal data calculated by chi-square test and ordinal data calculated by Mann-U Whitney. Results: 40 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The occurrence of nausea and vomiting were lower in group B patients (p < 0.0285). HARS score anxiety level was lowered in group B patients (p < 0.0293). Lactate level was lowered in group B patients, although is not statistically significant (p 0.54). Conclusion: Addition of ginger extract in pre-operative high calorie drink reduce postoperative nausea, vomiting, and anxiety level.

Complete urethral disruption as a complication of urethral catheterization presenting as scrotal mass: A rare case.

Complete urethral disruption due to urethral catheterization is rarely documented. Only seven cases of iatrogenic complete urethral disruption were reported from 1997 to 2003. We describe a case of complete urethral disruption due to urethral catheterization in an 80-year-old male who was referred because of a scrotal mass. Physical examination showed a palpable non-fluctuation mass in the scrotum and ultrasound examination revealed an intrascrotal balloon catheter. This was an obscure case of urethral catheterization complication presenting as a scrotal mass in an octogenarian patient with Fournier's gangrene.

Idiopathic Chronic Hydrocephalus in Middle-age male with lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction, gait disturbance, and papilledema.

This report describes a 44-year-old male with a rare case of idiopathic chronic hydrocephalus who came with complaints of intermittent lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), erectile dysfunction, gait disturbance, mental disorder, and papilledema. A detailed assessment of voiding dysfunction in the clinical presentation should be explored to find a surgically correctable cause.