[Kidney involvement and arterial hypertension in middle-aged and elderly subjects]. / Porazhenie pochek i arterial'naia gipertoniia u lits pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

The examination covered 125 elderly and senile subjects (106 females and 19 males) which made up 90.6% of those living in the boarding house. Their mean age was 81.3 years. Arterial hypertension was detected in 61.6% of the examinees. 18.5% of the examinees had hyperuricemia. Concentration function of the kidneys was affected in all the examinees. Half of them exhibited a moderate rise in the level of blood creatinine. The authors discuss the relationship between high prevalence of arterial hypertension, its tendency to crises and involutional processes in the kidneys in the onset and development of renoprival condition.

[Reaction of the cardiovascular system to static load after changes in body position]. / Reaktsiia serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy na staticheskuiu nagruzku pri izmenenii polozheniia tela.

Cardiovascular responses of healthy male subjects to static loading in the horizontal, orthostatic and antiorthostatic positions were investigated. The body position was found to affect significantly both the sign and magnitude of circulation parameters. It was also shown that static loading tolerance was lower in the orthostatic than in the antiorthostatic position. It was hypothesized that the complex mechanism of adaptation to static loading involves purely physical factors (obstruction of small arterial vessels and blood discharge from veins of the strained muscle), central, intermediate and local reflex mechanisms. Resistance vessels play a predominant role in limiting systemic arterial pressure in the orthostatic position. Of greated importance in the horizontal position is venous blood pooling limiting its return to the heart. Rearrangement in hemodynamics during static loading is accompanied by an increase in the effective coronary blood flow which is the greatest in the orthostatic position.