Diagnoses, clinical pathology findings, and treatment outcome of geriatric horses: 345 cases (2006-2010).

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical, clinical pathology, and outcome variables between geriatric and nongeriatric horses. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. ANIMALS: 690 horses (345 horses ≥ 20 years old and 345 horses > 1 and < 20 years old) examined at a referral hospital. PROCEDURES: Medical records were examined, and data collected included horse description, diagnosis, outcome, and CBC and serum biochemical analysis results. Cases were horses ≥ 20 years old, and controls were horses > 1 and < 20 years old. RESULTS: Mean ± SD age was 23.9 ± 4.6 years for cases and 9.2 ± 3.6 years for controls. Arabian and pony breeds were significantly overrepresented in the geriatric group, compared with the control group. Diagnoses related to the digestive system, musculoskeletal system, and respiratory system were most common in this hospital population overall (cases and controls). Colic was the most common health problem overall. Digestive system disorders were significantly more prevalent among cases. Short-term survival rates for most categories of colic were no different for cases than for controls, with the exception of the category idiopathic colic. Considering all conditions, cases were significantly more likely to be nonsurvivors than were controls. Minor differences in serum biochemical results were found in some disease subcategories. Geriatric horses with colic were not more commonly euthanized than were adult nongeriatric horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that in this population of horses in a referral hospital, age was associated with the prevalence of specific disease conditions. Few differences between cases and controls were found in serum biochemical values.

The association between occlusal factors and noncarious cervical lesions: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically review the scientific evidence for the association between noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) and occlusal risk factors (ORF) [occlusal interferences in excursive movements; occlusal force; premature contacts; type of guidance; skid of centric occlusion to maximum intercuspidation] in adults. SOURCES: Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Lilacs, Clinical Trials, National Research Register and National Institute for Health were searched. STUDY SELECTION: From 1082 potentially eligible studies, 106 were selected for full text analysis. Two independent reviewers (Kappa=0.8; p<0.001) selected the studies, abstracted information and assessed quality based on standardised scales. Six cross-sectional, two case-controls and one clinical trial were included. Several occlusal variables were analysed among the studies, but there was no standardisation of the units used in the analysis of occlusal factors. The majority of studies did not find significant associations between NCCL and ORF. Three studies found associations between NCCL and some variables (occlusal contact area, right canine guidance, premature contacts in centric relation and working side) (p<0.05). The methodological quality varied across studies, and there was high heterogeneity among them. CONCLUSION: Current scientific evidence does not support an association between ORF and NCCL. Further prospective studies with standardised methods are vital to strengthen the evidence. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the risk factors for NCCL is important to control the causes and to help the dentist choose the best approach for the patient. The evidence does not support intervention to alter some occlusal factors for the prevention or control of the progression of NCCL.

Hidronefrose fetal: abordagem pós-natal e seguimento / Fetal hydronephrosis: postnatal management and follow up

Objetivo: O achado de hidronefrose fetal tem sido observado cada vez com maior freqüência, e é provável que, com a melhoria dos equipamentos ecográficos, essa observaçäo seja crescente. Neste presente estudo, apresentamos uma avaliaçäo de crianças portadoras de hidronefrose fetal, com o objetivo de analisar as causas mais freqüentes de hidronefrose fetal e a evoluçäo a longo prazo. Métodos: Em um período de 13 anos, 148 crianças foram admitidas no estudo e submetidas a um protocolo previamente estabelecido: na admissäo, era iniciada a quimioprofilaxia e procedida a avaliaçäo de imagens do trato urinário, consistindo de realizaçäo de uretrocistografia miccional e ultra-som. Os estudos seqüenciais foram determinados pelos achados nessa avaliaçäo inicial...