Antibiotic prescribing patterns in pediatric patients using the WHO access, watch, reserve (AWaRe) classification at a quaternary hospital in Nampula, Mozambique.

Antibiotics are often prescribed inappropriately, either when they are not needed or with an unnecessarily broad spectrum of activity. This is a serious problem that can lead to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study was conducted to assess the antibiotic prescribing pattern in pediatric patients hospitalized at a quaternary hospital in Nampula, Mozambique, using the WHO indicators and Framework as a reference. A retrospective study was conducted using secondary data obtained from medical records. The study population consisted of children aged 0-10 years who were hospitalized in a quaternary-level hospital ward in Nampula, Mozambique. The pattern of antibiotic prescriptions was assessed using indicators and the WHO classification of antibiotics into AWaRe categories. Descriptive statistics were applied. A total of 464 antibiotics were prescribed during the study. The age groups of 1-3 years and 28 days-12 months were prescribed more antibiotics. The most common antibiotics were ceftriaxone and crystallized penicillin, which were frequently prescribed for patients suffering from bronchopneumonia, gastroenteritis, and malaria. 74.8% of the antibiotics prescribed belonged to the Access group, while 23.7% belonged to the Watch group. There were no prescriptions of antibiotics from the Reserve group. The average number of antibiotics per prescription was 1.51 (SD ± 0.725). The percentage of antibiotic prescribing was 97.5%, with 96.20% by injection. All antibiotics prescribed were on the essential medicines list and prescribed by generic name. These results are concerning and highlight the urgency of strengthening antimicrobial optimization measures, as well as implementing the AWaRe framework in antibiotic prescribing as an essential strategy to combat AMR.

Organizational factors and safe food handling by food service workers: a scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to explore and map the scientific evidence on organizational factors related to safe food handling by food service workers to prevent foodborne disease. INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization, more than 600 million people become ill each year due to foodborne diseases. Improper food handling is one of the main causes of such diseases. Despite the growing literature on safe food handling, many studies focus on assessing and discussing cognitive variables, such as food safety knowledge. This indicates a need to study this topic from a new perspective, for example, through its organizational factors. INCLUSION CRITERIA: The review will include quantitative and qualitative studies on food handlers (ie, individuals who have direct or indirect contact with food during their professional duties) working in food services (ie, institutional or commercial establishments). Food handlers involved in industrial processing, planting, harvesting, or working on the street (street food) or in the home will be excluded. Eligible studies will explore the organizational factors of safe food handling that influence employee behavior regarding food production. METHODS: This review will use the JBI methodology for scoping reviews to identify published and unpublished studies in all languages, with no date limit. The following databases will be searched: Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts. A structured search for gray literature will also be conducted. Titles, abstracts, and full texts of articles will be screened by 2 independent reviewers for inclusion, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Data will be extracted using a standardized form. The results will be summarized in tabular or graphical format, accompanied by a narrative summary. KEY DETAILS OF THIS REVIEW PROJECT ARE AVAILABLE IN OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK: https://osf.io/hxfe4.

Prevalência e fatores associados ao tabagismo em mulheres privadas de liberdade, numa prisão, Centro-Oeste do Brasil / Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use in women deprived of liberty in a prison in the Brazilian Midwest

Resumo O tabagismo é um problema de Saúde Pública e é controversa a liberação do seu uso no sistema prisional. Sua prevalência nesta população é elevada, inclusive nas prisões femininas. O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência do tabagismo em mulheres privadas de liberdade e os fatores associados. Estudo de corte transversal, com 259 participantes que responderam um questionário numa prisão no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A variável dependente foi o tabagismo, e as independentes, as sociodemográficas, histórico de vida, situação jurídica e uso de outras drogas. Realizou-se análises descritiva e bivariada, através de razões de prevalência com o teste Qui-quadrado e, na análise multivariável, a regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 86,87%. No modelo final as variáveis: faixa etária, de 18 a 39 anos (RP 1,33; IC95% 1,10-1,61); uso de álcool (RP 1,26; IC95% 1,00-1,59); uso de maconha (RP 1,16; IC95% 1,03-1,30); e interação entre tempo de prisão e uso de cocaína (RP 1,05; IC95% 1,00-1,11) se mantiveram associadas ao tabagismo. A prevalência de tabagismo foi alta. A faixa etária 18-39 anos, uso de álcool, maconha e interação entre tempo de prisão por 36 meses ou mais e uso de cocaína foram fatores associados ao tabagismo.

Abstract Tobacco use is a Public Health issue, and the release of its use in the prison system is controversial. Its prevalence in this population is high, including in women's prisons. The objective of this article is to estimate tobacco use prevalence in women deprived of liberty and its associated factors. Cross-sectional study with 259 participants who answered a questionnaire in a prison in the Brazilian Midwest. The dependent variable was tobacco use, and the independent variables were sociodemographic, life history, legal status, and use of other drugs. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed, using prevalence ratios through the Chi-square test and Poisson regression in the multivariate analysis. Tobacco use prevalence was 86.87%. In the final model, the variables: age group, from 18-39 years (PR 1.33; 95%CI 1.10-1.61), alcohol use (PR 1.26; 95%CI 1.00-1.59), marijuana use (PR 1.16; 95%CI 1.03-1.30), and interaction between prison time and cocaine use (PR 1.05; 95%CI 1.00-1.11) remained associated with tobacco use. Tobacco use prevalence was high. The age group 18-39 years, alcohol and marijuana use and interaction between imprisonment length of 36 months or more and cocaine use were associated with tobacco use.

Exposição aos agrotóxicos em cidade de intensa atividade do agronegócio e desfechos gestacionais adversos / Exposure to pesticides in a city with intense agribusinessactivity and adverse gestational outcomes / Exposición a plaguicidas en una ciudad con intensa actividad agroindustria y resultados gestacionales adversos

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência e os efeitos da exposição aos agrotóxicos sobre a ocorrência de desfechos gestacionais adversos. Método: estudo transversal de base populacional, constituído de 275 mulheres selecionadas a partir das áreas de cobertura das Estratégia da Saúde da Família, com idade igual ou maior que 18 anos. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado, construído a partir da junção e adaptação de dois instrumentos validados, sendo um de condições de saúde autorreferida e um questionário de identificação do perfil de exposição familiar aos agrotóxicos. A análise de dados se deu por meio de análise bivariada, estratificada e regressão multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: houve uma incidência de aborto e natimortos de 20,73% na amostra, cujas variáveis associadas a estes desfechos de gravidez foram, contato atual com agrotóxicos, intoxicação prévia pelos agroquímicos e cor não branca, sendo observado a interação entre as mulheres que lavam roupas utilizadas na manipulação de agrotóxicos. Conclusão: há evidências de que a exposição materna a agrotóxicosse encontrapossivelmente associada a maior ocorrência de óbito fetal (aborto e natimorto).

Objective: to analyzethe prevalence and effects of exposure to pesticides on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Method: population-based cross-sectional study, consisting of 275 women selected from the areas covered by the Family Health Strategy, aged 18 years or older. Data collection took place through the application of a structured questionnaire, constructed from the combination and adaptation of two validated instruments, one of which is self-reported health conditions and a questionnaire to identify the profile of family exposure to pesticides. Data analysis was performed using bivariate and stratified analysis and multivariate Poisson regression. Results: there was an incidence of miscarriage and stillbirths of 20.73% in the sample, whose variables associated with these pregnancy outcomes were current contact with pesticides, previous intoxication by agrochemicals and non-white color, observing the interaction between women who wash clothes used in handling pesticides. Conclusion: there is evidence that maternal exposure to pesticides is possibly associated with a higher occurrence of fetal death (abortion and stillbirth).

Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia y los efectos de la exposición a plaguicidas en la ocurrencia de resultados adversos del embarazo. Método: estudio transversal de base poblacional, compuesto por 275 mujeres seleccionadas de las áreas de cobertura de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, con edad igual o superior a 18 años. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado, construido a partir de la combinación y adaptación de dos instrumentos validados, uno de los cuales es el autoinforme de condiciones de salud y un cuestionario para identificar el perfil de exposición familiar a plaguicidas. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante análisis bivariado y estratificado y regresión de Poisson multivariada. Resultados: hubo una incidencia de abortos y mortinatos de 20,73% en la muestra, cuyas variables asociadas a estos desenlaces de embarazos fueron contacto actual con plaguicidas, intoxicaciones previas por agroquímicos y color no blanco, observándose la interacción entre mujeres que lavan ropa usada en manejo de pesticidas. Conclusión: existe evidencia de que la exposición materna a pesticidas posiblemente esté asociada con una mayor ocurrencia de muerte fetal (aborto y muerte fetal).

Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use in women deprived of liberty in a prison in the Brazilian Midwest. / Prevalência e fatores associados ao tabagismo em mulheres privadas de liberdade, numa prisão, Centro-Oeste do Brasil.

Tobacco use is a Public Health issue, and the release of its use in the prison system is controversial. Its prevalence in this population is high, including in women's prisons. The objective of this article is to estimate tobacco use prevalence in women deprived of liberty and its associated factors. Cross-sectional study with 259 participants who answered a questionnaire in a prison in the Brazilian Midwest. The dependent variable was tobacco use, and the independent variables were sociodemographic, life history, legal status, and use of other drugs. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed, using prevalence ratios through the Chi-square test and Poisson regression in the multivariate analysis. Tobacco use prevalence was 86.87%. In the final model, the variables: age group, from 18-39 years (PR 1.33; 95%CI 1.10-1.61), alcohol use (PR 1.26; 95%CI 1.00-1.59), marijuana use (PR 1.16; 95%CI 1.03-1.30), and interaction between prison time and cocaine use (PR 1.05; 95%CI 1.00-1.11) remained associated with tobacco use. Tobacco use prevalence was high. The age group 18-39 years, alcohol and marijuana use and interaction between imprisonment length of 36 months or more and cocaine use were associated with tobacco use.

O tabagismo é um problema de Saúde Pública e é controversa a liberação do seu uso no sistema prisional. Sua prevalência nesta população é elevada, inclusive nas prisões femininas. O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência do tabagismo em mulheres privadas de liberdade e os fatores associados. Estudo de corte transversal, com 259 participantes que responderam um questionário numa prisão no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A variável dependente foi o tabagismo, e as independentes, as sociodemográficas, histórico de vida, situação jurídica e uso de outras drogas. Realizou-se análises descritiva e bivariada, através de razões de prevalência com o teste Qui-quadrado e, na análise multivariável, a regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 86,87%. No modelo final as variáveis: faixa etária, de 18 a 39 anos (RP 1,33; IC95% 1,10-1,61); uso de álcool (RP 1,26; IC95% 1,00-1,59); uso de maconha (RP 1,16; IC95% 1,03-1,30); e interação entre tempo de prisão e uso de cocaína (RP 1,05; IC95% 1,00-1,11) se mantiveram associadas ao tabagismo. A prevalência de tabagismo foi alta. A faixa etária 18-39 anos, uso de álcool, maconha e interação entre tempo de prisão por 36 meses ou mais e uso de cocaína foram fatores associados ao tabagismo.

Job Crafting and Burnout as Predictors of Food Safety Behaviors in the Foodservice Industry.

This study aimed to investigate whether job crafting, burnout, and work engagement predict food safety behaviors in the foodservice industry. It was a cross-sectional study conducted in Cuiabá (Brazil) among foodservice workers. Four instruments were used among foodservice workers for the examination: (a) job demands and resources, (b) job satisfaction, (c) burnout, and (d) work engagement. Food safety practices were measured using a validated risk-based checklist. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis model. In this study, 22 restaurants and 302 foodservice workers were examined. It was found that the "job demands-resources" model was valid for foodservice workers, i.e., burnout was strongly predicted by job demands (ß = 0.550; p < 0.001); job resources were a positive predictor of work engagement (ß = 0.258; p < 0.001); and burnout was a negative predictor of work engagement (ß = −0.411; p < 0.001). Food safety violations were predicted by job crafting (ß = −0.125; p = 0.029) and burnout (ß = 0.143; p = 0.016). The results indicate that mitigating burnout and increasing job crafting can be important supporting strategies to improve food safety behaviors.

Cancer surveillance in Mato Grosso, Brazil: methodological and operational aspects of a university extension/research project.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the methodological and operational aspects of the "Project for surveillance of cancer and its associated factors: population-based and hospital-based registry" (VIGICAN), in the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. METHODS: VIGICAN was divided into two projects: a university extension one, which updated the data from the Population-based Cancer Registry (PBCR) of MT in the 2008-2016 period; and a research project, which collected primary data, through individual interviews and analysis of medical records of people with a diagnosis of cancer, aged 18 years or older, treated at reference hospitals for oncology. To analyze the factors associated with cancer, the following variables were collected: socioeconomic and demographic, social support, health status and behavior, and environmental exposure. RESULTS: In the 2008-2016 period, approximately one hundred thousand cases of cancer (incident and prevalent) were reported in the PBCR Cuiabá and PBCR Interior. After validation procedures, 50 thousand incident cases were elected. The survey interviewed 1,012 patients, 38.2% living in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, 60.4% in small cities of the state, and 1.4% in other states. Preliminary data showed that the majority were women (55.0%) and younger than 60 years of age (54.3%). Among the interviewees, 7.2% reported smoking tobacco, 15.5% consumed alcoholic beverages (15.5%), and 32.7% lived nearby crops. CONCLUSION: The development of these projects allowed the integration of education with health services and will enable the recognition of specificities and different exposure scenarios and factors associated with cancer in the Mato Grosso territory.

Trend analysis of lung cancer incidence and mortality in Grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000 to 2016.

OBJECTIVE: To analyses lung cancer incidence and mortality trends to gender and age group in Grande Cuiabá between 2000 to 2016. METHODS: Study of times series applying incidence data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Cuiabá, and mortality data from Mortality Information System. Annual Percentage Change and the Average Annual Percentage Change were calculated in the incidence and mortality rate through the Joinpoint regression. RESULTS: It was observed between men a decrease of -2,2% in the overall incidence of lung cancer during the term of 2000-2016 and by age range: 40 to 49 years (-4,2%), 60 to 69 years (-2,0%) and 70 to 79 years (-9,4%), in this last age group it was between 2000-2009. The general mortality was stable on historical series, nonetheless, a decline between men of 50 to 59 years (-3,5%) among 2006 to 2016 and of 70 to 79 years among 2002-20011 (-6,3%) were observed. The incidence trends among female individuals maintained stable whereas the overall mortality trends had an increase of 7,2% between 2000-2012 and decrease of -34,1% between 2012-2016. Amid women from 50 to 79 years, there was a raise, ranging from 3,5% to 3,9% between 2000-2016. CONCLUSIONS: There is an evident disparity between the trends analysis of incidence and mortality of lung cancer among men and women, that can be explained by changes in smoking over time, for example, the adherence or not of the smoking withdraw program besides social, cultural, economics differences and even biological.

Factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cancer treated at reference outpatient clinics in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cancer treated at reference outpatient clinics in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 463 older adults aged 60 years or older. The outcome variable was functional disability, evaluated by Lawton and Brody's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. The independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, social support, and health aspects. We performed bivariate and multivariate analyses and calculated prevalence ratios (PR) using Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: The prevalence of IADL functional disability was 55.3%. The variables associated with this disability in the multivariate analysis were: not working (PR=1.36; 95% confidence interval - 95%CI 1.03-1.78); low (PR=1.49; 95%CI 1.10-2.03) and moderate (PR=1.30; 95%CI 1.04-1.64) perceived affectionate support; depressive symptoms (PR=1.31; 95%CI 1.10-1.56); malnutrition (PR=1.28; 95%CI 1.03-1.59); having two or more comorbidities (PR=1.30; 95%CI 1.03-1.64), and having a companion to health services (PR=1.39; 95%CI 1.05-1.83). CONCLUSION: In addition to physical health aspects, comorbidities, and malnutrition, functional disability was associated with emotional, social support, and work issues, reinforcing the importance of comprehensive care and actions to maintain and recover functional capacity, promoting a better quality of life, the independence of older adults with cancer, and a reduced risk of adverse biopsychosocial outcomes.

Environmental and occupational exposure among cancer patients in Mato Grosso, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of occupational and environmental exposure according to sociodemographic factors in cancer patients treated at reference hospitals in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on cancer patients aged 18 years or older. The prevalence of exposure to pesticides, asbestos, lead, heavy metals, formaldehyde, benzene, exposure to industrial dust, and handling of other chemical substances were calculated according to sex, age group, and level of education. RESULTS: A total of 1,012 patients were interviewed (55.0% women, 45.6% aged 60 years or older, and 56.8% had less than five years of formal education). Pesticides (22.8%), industrial dust (10.7%), and benzene (10.1%) were the most frequent exposures. Occupational and environmental exposure was higher in men for all evaluated exposures, except for formaldehyde, which was higher in women. Exposure to pesticides, industrial dust, benzene, asbestos, and heavy metals increased with age and were more frequent among those with lower level of education. CONCLUSION: Approximately one in five cancer patients treated at reference hospitals in Mato Grosso reported having been exposed to pesticides, and one in ten were exposed to industrial dust and benzene, with greater exposure among men, older individuals, and those with lower level of education.

Pre-frailty in older adults: prevalence and associated factors / Prefragilidad en ancianos: prevalencia y factores asociados / Pré-fragilidade em pessoas idosas: prevalência e fatores associados

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze pre-frailty prevalence in older adults residing in the community and associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 291 elderly people registered in Family Health Strategy units. Pre-frailty was measured using the Edmonton Frail Scale, and the other variables were measured using different instruments. Data were collected from June to August 2018. Data analysis was performed using the Mantel Haenszel chi-square test, Fisher's test and Poisson multivariate regression. Results: pre-frailty prevalence was 69.42% (95% CI; 63.77%-74.66%). Factors associated with pre-frailty were: low education (PR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.11-1.71), dependence on basic (PR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.22-1.59) and instrumental activities of daily living (PR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.40-1.78), depressed mood (PR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.40-1.78). =1.53; 95% CI: 1.31 1.78), negative self-rated health (PR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.15-1.69), polypharmacy (PR=1.30; CI 95%: 1.13-1.50), and nutritional risk (PR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.09-1.46). Conclusion: pre-frailty prevalence was higher than that found in other studies that used the same instrument, and the variables associated with this outcome demonstrated the existence of a common phenomenon among older adults. These are important results, as they highlight the need for investment in research and preventive interventions on the clinical, functional and social conditions of this population. Furthermore, it is necessary to invest in professional training programs for the comprehensive care of older adults, especially with regard to frailty assessment and prevention.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de la prefragilidad en ancianos residentes en la comunidad y los factores asociados. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 291 ancianos registrados en unidades de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. La prefragilidad se midió con la escala de fragilidad de Edmonton, y las demás variables se midieron con diferentes instrumentos. Los datos fueron recolectados de junio a agosto de 2018. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Mantel Haenszel, la prueba de Fisher y la regresión multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: la prevalencia de prefragilidad fue del 69,42% (IC 95%; 63,77%-74,66%). Los factores asociados a la prefragilidad fueron: baja escolaridad (RP=1,37; IC 95%: 1,11-1,71), dependencia de actividades básicas (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,22-1,59) e instrumentales de la vida diaria (RP=1,58; IC 95%: 1,40-1,78), estado de ánimo deprimido (RP=1,53; IC 95%: 1,31 1,78), autopercepción de salud negativa (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,15-1,69), polifarmacia (RP=1,30; IC 95%: 1,13-1,50) y riesgo nutricional (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,09-1,46). Conclusión: la prevalencia de prefragilidad fue superior a la encontrada en otros estudios que utilizaron el mismo instrumento, y las variables asociadas a ese desenlace demostraron la existencia de un fenómeno común entre los ancianos. Estos son resultados importantes, ya que destacan la necesidad de inversión en investigación e intervenciones preventivas sobre las condiciones clínicas, funcionales y sociales de esta población. Además, es necesario invertir en programas de formación profesional para la atención integral del anciano, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la evaluación y prevención de la fragilidad.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a prevalência da pré-fragilidade em pessoas idosas residentes na comunidade e os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 291 idosos cadastrados em unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família. A pré-fragilidade foi mensurada por meio da Edmonton Frail Scale; e as demais variáveis, com instrumentos diversos. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a agosto de 2018. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio dos testes qui-quadrado de Mantel Haenszel, teste de Fisher e regressão multivariada de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência de pré-fragilidade foi de 69,42% (IC 95%; 63,77%-74,66%). Os fatores associados à pré-fragilidade foram: baixa escolaridade (RP=1,37; IC 95%: 1,11-1,71), dependência para as atividades básicas (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,22-1,59) e instrumentais de vida diária (RP=1,58; IC 95%: 1,40-1,78), humor depressivo (RP=1,53; IC 95%: 1,31-1,78), autoavaliação negativa de saúde (RP=1,39; IC 95%: 1,15-1,69), polifarmácia (RP=1,30; IC 95%: 1,13-1,50) e risco nutricional (RP=1,27; IC 95%: 1,09-1,46). Conclusão: a prevalência da pré-fragilidade foi acima da encontrada em outros estudos que utilizaram o mesmo instrumento, e as variáveis associadas a esse desfecho demonstraram a existência de um fenômeno comum entre as pessoas idosas. São resultados importantes, pois evidenciam a necessidade de investimento em pesquisas e intervenções preventivas sobre as condições clínicas, funcionais e sociais dessa população. Além disso, é preciso investir em programas de capacitação profissional para o atendimento integral da pessoa idosa, sobretudo no que se refere à avaliação e prevenção da fragilidade.

Environmental and occupational exposure among cancer patients in Mato Grosso, Brazil / Exposição ambiental e ocupacional entre pacientes com câncer em Mato Grosso

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of occupational and environmental exposure according to sociodemographic factors in cancer patients treated at reference hospitals in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on cancer patients aged 18 years or older. The prevalence of exposure to pesticides, asbestos, lead, heavy metals, formaldehyde, benzene, exposure to industrial dust, and handling of other chemical substances were calculated according to sex, age group, and level of education. Results: A total of 1,012 patients were interviewed (55.0% women, 45.6% aged 60 years or older, and 56.8% had less than five years of formal education). Pesticides (22.8%), industrial dust (10.7%), and benzene (10.1%) were the most frequent exposures. Occupational and environmental exposure was higher in men for all evaluated exposures, except for formaldehyde, which was higher in women. Exposure to pesticides, industrial dust, benzene, asbestos, and heavy metals increased with age and were more frequent among those with lower level of education. Conclusion: Approximately one in five cancer patients treated at reference hospitals in Mato Grosso reported having been exposed to pesticides, and one in ten were exposed to industrial dust and benzene, with greater exposure among men, older individuals, and those with lower level of education.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da exposição ocupacional e ambiental segundo fatores sociodemográficos nos pacientes com câncer atendidos nos hospitais de referência do estado de Mato Grosso. Métodos: Estudo transversal com pacientes com câncer de 18 anos ou mais. Foram calculadas as prevalências de exposição a agrotóxicos, amianto, chumbo, metais pesados, formol, benzeno e poeira industrial e de manuseio de outras substâncias químicas conforme sexo, faixa etária e escolaridade. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 1.012 pacientes (55,0% do sexo feminino, 45,6% com 60 anos ou mais, 56,9% com menos de cinco anos de escolaridade). Agrotóxicos (22,8%), poeira industrial (10,7%) e benzeno (10,1%) foram as exposições de maior frequência. A exposição ocupacional e ambiental foi maior no sexo masculino para todas as exposições avaliadas, exceto para o formol, que foi maior no sexo feminino. A exposição a agrotóxico, poeira industrial, benzeno, amianto e metais pesados aumentou com a idade e foi mais frequente entre aqueles de menor escolaridade. Conclusão: Aproximadamente um em cada cinco pacientes com câncer atendidos em hospitais de referência de Mato Grosso relatou ter sido exposto aos agrotóxicos, e um a cada dez foi exposto a poeira industrial e benzeno, sendo maior a exposição entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino, mais velhos e de menor escolaridade.

Trend analysis of lung cancer incidence and mortality in Grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2000 to 2016 / Análise de tendência da incidência e da mortalidade por câncer de pulmão na Grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, 2000 a 2016

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyses lung cancer incidence and mortality trends to gender and age group in Grande Cuiabá between 2000 to 2016. Methods: Study of times series applying incidence data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Cuiabá, and mortality data from Mortality Information System. Annual Percentage Change and the Average Annual Percentage Change were calculated in the incidence and mortality rate through the Joinpoint regression. Results: It was observed between men a decrease of -2,2% in the overall incidence of lung cancer during the term of 2000-2016 and by age range: 40 to 49 years (-4,2%), 60 to 69 years (-2,0%) and 70 to 79 years (-9,4%), in this last age group it was between 2000-2009. The general mortality was stable on historical series, nonetheless, a decline between men of 50 to 59 years (-3,5%) among 2006 to 2016 and of 70 to 79 years among 2002-20011 (-6,3%) were observed. The incidence trends among female individuals maintained stable whereas the overall mortality trends had an increase of 7,2% between 2000-2012 and decrease of -34,1% between 2012-2016. Amid women from 50 to 79 years, there was a raise, ranging from 3,5% to 3,9% between 2000-2016. Conclusions: There is an evident disparity between the trends analysis of incidence and mortality of lung cancer among men and women, that can be explained by changes in smoking over time, for example, the adherence or not of the smoking withdraw program besides social, cultural, economics differences and even biological.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar as tendências de incidência e de mortalidade por câncer de pulmão por sexo e faixa etária, na Grande Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, entre 2000 e 2016. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais utilizando informações de incidência do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional Cuiabá e de mortalidade do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Foram calculadas a variação percentual anual e a variação percentual média anual das taxas de incidência e de mortalidade, pela regressão por joinpoint. Resultados: Observou-se entre homens decréscimo de -2,2% na incidência geral de câncer de pulmão entre 2000-2016 e por faixa etária: 40 a 49 anos (-4,2%), 60 a 69 anos (-2%) e 70 a 79 anos (-9,4%), sendo nesta última faixa entre 2000-2009. A mortalidade geral foi estável na série histórica, porém verificou-se decréscimo entre os homens de 50 a 59 anos (-3,5%) entre 2006-2016 e de 70 a 79 anos entre 2002-2011 (-6,3%). Para as mulheres, as tendências de incidência mantiveram-se estáveis, enquanto nas tendências de mortalidade geral houve aumento de 7,2% entre 2000-2012 e decréscimo de -34,1% entre 2012-2016. Entre mulheres de 50 a 79 anos, houve aumento, variando de 3,5 a 3,9% entre 2000-2016. Conclusão: Existe evidente disparidade nas análises de tendências de incidência e de mortalidade de câncer de pulmão entre homens e mulheres, que pode ser explicada por mudanças do tabagismo ao longo do tempo, por exemplo, adesão ou não ao programa de abandono do tabagismo, além de diferenças sociais, culturais, econômicas e até mesmo biológicas.

Factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cancer treated at reference outpatient clinics in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil / Fatores associados à incapacidade funcional em idosos com câncer atendidos em ambulatórios de referência no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze factors associated with functional disability in older adults with cancer treated at reference outpatient clinics in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 463 older adults aged 60 years or older. The outcome variable was functional disability, evaluated by Lawton and Brody's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. The independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, social support, and health aspects. We performed bivariate and multivariate analyses and calculated prevalence ratios (PR) using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: The prevalence of IADL functional disability was 55.3%. The variables associated with this disability in the multivariate analysis were: not working (PR=1.36; 95% confidence interval — 95%CI 1.03-1.78); low (PR=1.49; 95%CI 1.10-2.03) and moderate (PR=1.30; 95%CI 1.04-1.64) perceived affectionate support; depressive symptoms (PR=1.31; 95%CI 1.10-1.56); malnutrition (PR=1.28; 95%CI 1.03-1.59); having two or more comorbidities (PR=1.30; 95%CI 1.03-1.64), and having a companion to health services (PR=1.39; 95%CI 1.05-1.83). Conclusion: In addition to physical health aspects, comorbidities, and malnutrition, functional disability was associated with emotional, social support, and work issues, reinforcing the importance of comprehensive care and actions to maintain and recover functional capacity, promoting a better quality of life, the independence of older adults with cancer, and a reduced risk of adverse biopsychosocial outcomes.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à incapacidade funcional em idosos com câncer atendidos em ambulatórios de referência do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 463 idosos de 60 anos ou mais. A variável desfecho foi a incapacidade funcional, avaliada por meio da Escala de Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (AIVD) desenvolvida por Lawton e Brody. As variáveis independentes foram características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida, apoio social e condições de saúde. Foram realizadas análises bivariada e múltipla, calculando-se as razões de prevalência (RP), com o uso de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: A prevalência de incapacidade funcional para as AIVD foi de 55,3%. As variáveis que se associaram a essa incapacidade na análise múltipla foram: não trabalhar (RP=1,36, intervalo de confiança — IC95% 1,03-1,78); percepção de apoio afetivo baixo (RP=1,49; IC95% 1,10-2,03) e médio (RP=1,30; IC95% 1,04-1,64); sintomas depressivos (RP=1,31; IC95% 1,10-1,56); desnutrição (RP=1,28; IC95% 1,03-1,59); ter duas ou mais comorbidades (RP=1,30; IC95% 1,03-1,64) e ter acompanhante aos serviços de saúde (RP=1,39; IC95% 1,05-1,83). Conclusão: Além das condições de saúde física, comorbidade e desnutrição, as questões emocionais, de apoio social e trabalho associaram-se à incapacidade funcional, reforçando a importância de uma atenção integral e de ações de manutenção e recuperação da capacidade funcional, promovendo maior qualidade de vida, a independência do idoso com câncer e a redução do risco de desfechos adversos em âmbito biopsicossocial.

Cancer surveillance in Mato Grosso, Brazil: methodological and operational aspects of a university extension/research project / Vigilância do câncer em Mato Grosso, Brasil: aspectos metodológicos e operacionais de um projeto de extensão/pesquisa

ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the methodological and operational aspects of the "Project for surveillance of cancer and its associated factors: population-based and hospital-based registry" (VIGICAN), in the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. Methods: VIGICAN was divided into two projects: a university extension one, which updated the data from the Population-based Cancer Registry (PBCR) of MT in the 2008-2016 period; and a research project, which collected primary data, through individual interviews and analysis of medical records of people with a diagnosis of cancer, aged 18 years or older, treated at reference hospitals for oncology. To analyze the factors associated with cancer, the following variables were collected: socioeconomic and demographic, social support, health status and behavior, and environmental exposure. Results: In the 2008-2016 period, approximately one hundred thousand cases of cancer (incident and prevalent) were reported in the PBCR Cuiabá and PBCR Interior. After validation procedures, 50 thousand incident cases were elected. The survey interviewed 1,012 patients, 38.2% living in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, 60.4% in small cities of the state, and 1.4% in other states. Preliminary data showed that the majority were women (55.0%) and younger than 60 years of age (54.3%). Among the interviewees, 7.2% reported smoking tobacco, 15.5% consumed alcoholic beverages (15.5%), and 32.7% lived nearby crops. Conclusion: The development of these projects allowed the integration of education with health services and will enable the recognition of specificities and different exposure scenarios and factors associated with cancer in the Mato Grosso territory.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos metodológicos e operacionais do projeto "Vigilância do câncer e seus fatores associados: registro de base populacional e hospitalar" (VIGICAN), em Mato Grosso (MT). Métodos: O VIGICAN desdobrou-se em dois projetos: um de extensão, que atualizou os dados dos Registros de Câncer de Base Populacional (RCBP) de Mato Grosso no período de 2008 a 2016; e um de pesquisa, que coletou dados primários por meio de entrevistas individuais e análise de prontuários de pessoas com diagnóstico de câncer, com 18 anos ou mais, atendidas em hospitais de referência para oncologia. Para analisar os fatores associados ao câncer, foram coletadas as seguintes variáveis: socioeconômicas e demográficas, suporte social, situação e comportamentos de saúde e exposição ambiental. Resultados: No período de 2008 a 2016, foram notificados nos RCBP Cuiabá e Interior, aproximadamente, 100 mil casos de câncer (incidentes e prevalentes). Após os procedimentos de validação, foram eleitos 50 mil casos incidentes. A pesquisa entrevistou 1.012 pacientes, sendo 38,2% residentes nos municípios de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, 60,4% no interior do Estado e 1,4% em outros Estados. Os dados preliminares revelaram que a maioria era do sexo feminino (55,0%) e tinha menos de 60 anos (54,3%). Entre os entrevistados, 7,2% relataram fumar tabaco, 15,5% consumiam bebidas alcoólicas (15,5%) e 32,7% moravam próximo a lavouras. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento desses projetos permitiu a integração do ensino com os serviços de saúde e possibilitará o reconhecimento das especificidades e dos diferentes cenários de exposição ao câncer, bem como fatores associados a ele, no território mato-grossense.

Registros Hospitalares de Câncer de Mato Grosso: análise da completitude e da consistência / Hospital-based cancer registries of Mato Grosso, Brazil: analysis of completeness and consistency

Resumo Introdução As informações dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer (RHC) são fundamentais para a vigilância do câncer. A análise da qualidade dessas informações permite à unidade hospitalar planejar recursos e avaliar a assistência oferecida à pessoa com essa doença. Objetivo Analisar a qualidade das informações ao verificar a completitude e a consistência das bases de dados do RHC do estado de Mato Grosso (MT). Método Estudo quantitativo que avaliou os dados dos RHC/MT, de 2008 a 2014. A tendência temporal das proporções de incompletude foi analisada por regressão polinomial e respectiva significância estatística (p < 0,05). A análise foi realizada por meio dos softwares Epi Info 7.0 e SPSS 25.0. Resultados Fizeram parte do estudo um total de 15.090 registros de câncer. As variáveis que apresentaram maior incompletude foram: tumor-nódulo-metástase, escolaridade, estado da doença ao final do primeiro tratamento e ocupação. Conclusão Educação permanente visando ao maior envolvimento dos profissionais e à melhoria do registro no prontuário é essencial para o aprimoramento das informações da base hospitalar. Ademais, o uso contínuo dessas informações para a gestão da própria unidade hospitalar subsidia o planejamento e a tomada de decisão, além de avaliar a qualidade da assistência prestada.

Abstract Background Information from the Hospital-based cancer registries (HBCR) is fundamental to watch cancer, analyzing that information allows the Hospital Unit to plan its resources, as well as evaluate the assistance offered to people who suffer from cancer. Objective To analyze the quality of information by verifying the completeness and consistency of the HBCR from the state of Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil. Method This is a quantitative study that evaluated the HBCR/MT, from 2008 to 2014. The time trend of the incompleteness proportions was analyzed by polynomial regression and its respective statistical significance (p<0,05). The analysis was done by the software Epi Info 7.0 and SPSS 25.0. Results A total of 15.090 cancer records were used in the study. The variables that presented the most incompleteness were: tumor-nodule-metastasis; schooling; final state of the disease at the end of the first treatment; and occupation. Conclusion Permanent Education, which aims for a bigger involvement of health professionals and an improvement of records registration, is essential to enhance information from the hospital database. Also, the continuous use of that information for the own Hospital Unit management funds the planning and the decision making, besides evaluating the quality of the assistance given.

[Uncontrolled asthma in children and adolescents exposed to pesticides in an area of intense agribusiness activity]. / Asma não controlada em crianças e adolescentes expostos aos agrotóxicos em região de intensa atividade do agronegócio.

The study aimed to analyze factors associated with uncontrolled asthma in schoolchildren exposed to pesticides in a medium-sized municipality in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This was a case-control study of children 6 to 7 and 13 to 14 years old in Primavera do Leste, in 2016. Cases were defined as schoolchildren that met the criteria for uncontrolled asthma based on International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questions, and controls were selected from the same schools as the cases, after randomization, at a 1:1 ratio. Data collection used the questionnaires from Phases I and II of ISAAC and an additional questionnaire on pesticide exposure. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic da e regression analyses were performed with the individual and environmental sociodemographic, and economic variables. 319 cases and 319 controls were selected, totaling 638 participants in the study. In the final da logistic model, the variables family income greater than 4 minimum wages (OR = 14.36; 95%CI: 8.89-23.20), maternal schooling up to incomplete secondary (OR = 16.32; 95%CI: 8.96-29.75), prematurity (OR = 13.25; 95%CI: 4.83-36.41), and low birthweight (OR = 17.08; 95%CI: 5.52-52.90) remained associated with uncontrolled asthma. Of the pesticide exposure variables, presence of household member working in agriculture (OR = 5.91; 95%CI: 2.11-16.53), living near farming activities (OR = 3.98; 95%CI: 1.47-11.76), and spraying areas near the household (OR = 4.20; 95%CI: 1.49-11.87) were related to the outcome. In this study, pesticides and sociodemographic, neonatal, and childhood conditions proved related to uncontrolled asthma in schoolchildren.

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os fatores associados à asma não controlada em escolares expostos aos agrotóxicos em município de médio porte de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Estudo do tipo caso controle, realizado com escolares de 6 a 7 anos e 13 a 14 anos de Primavera do Leste, em 2016. Foram considerados casos, escolares que preencheram critérios para asma não controlada por meio de questões do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), os controles foram selecionados a partir das mesmas escolas dos casos, após randomização, numa relação de 1:1. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados os questionários da Fase I e II do ISAAC e o questionário adicional para a exposição aos agrotóxicos. Realizaram-se a análise descritiva, bivariada e regressão logística das variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas, individuais e ambientais. Foram selecionados 319 casos e 319 controles, totalizando em 638 participantes do estudo. No modelo final da regressão logística, as variáveis renda familiar maior que quatro salários mínimos (OR = 14,36; IC95%: 8,89-23,20), ter mãe com escolaridade até Ensino Médio incompleto (OR = 16,32; IC95%: 8,96-29,75), prematuridade (OR = 13,25; IC95%: 4,83-36,41) e baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 17,08; IC95%: 5,52-52,90) mantiveram-se associadas à asma não controlada. Das variáveis de exposição aos agrotóxicos, presença de pessoas no domicílio que trabalham na agricultura (OR = 5,91; IC95%: 2,11-16,53), residir próximo da atividade agrícola (OR = 3,98; IC95%: 1,47-11,76) e a pulverização aérea próxima ao domicílio (OR = 4,20; IC95%: 1,49-11,87) relacionaram-se ao desfecho. Neste estudo, os agrotóxicos e as condições sociodemográficas e de nascimento e infância mostraram-se relacionados à asma não controlada em escolares.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores asociados al asma no controlado en escolares expuestos a pesticidas en un municipio de tamaño medio de Mato Grosso, Brazil. Se trata de un estudio de tipo caso-control, realizado con escolares de 6 a 7 años y de 13 a 14 de Primavera do Leste, en 2016. Se consideraron casos los escolares que cumplieron los criterios para asma no controlado, a través de preguntas del International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), los controles se seleccionaron a partir de las mismas escuelas que los casos, tras una aleatorización, en una relación de 1:1. Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron los cuestionarios de la Fase I y II del ISAAC, así como el cuestionario adicional para la exposición a los pesticidas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado y regresión logística de las variables sociodemográficas y económicas, así como individuales y ambientales. Se seleccionaron 319 casos y 319 controles, llegando a un total de 638 participantes en el estudio. En el modelo final de regresión logística las variables: renta familiar mayor que 4 salarios mínimos (OR = 14,36; IC95%: 8,89-23,20), tener una madre con escolaridad hasta la enseñanza media incompleta (OR = 16,32; IC95%: 8,96-29,75), prematuridad (OR = 13,25; IC95%: 4,83-36,41) y bajo peso al nascer (OR = 17,08; IC95%: 5,52-52,90) se mantuvieron asociadas al asma no controlado. Respecto a las variables de exposición a los pesticidas, la presencia de personas en el domicilio que trabajan en la agricultura (OR = 5,91; IC95%: 2,11-16,53), residir cerca de la actividad agrícola (OR = 3,98; IC95%: 1,47-11,76), así como la pulverización del aérea cercana al domicilio (OR = 4,20; IC95%: 1,49-11,87) se relacionaron con el resultado. En este estudio, los pesticidas y las condiciones sociodemográficas y de nacimiento e infancia se mostraron relacionadas con el asma no controlado en escolares.

The geography of femicide in Sergipe, Brazil: matriarchy, human development, and income distribution.

AIM: This research analyzed a joint spatial distribution and explored the possible associations between epidemiological aspects and feminicide rates, in towns of the Sergipe State in Northeastern Brazil. METHODOLOGY: An exploratory ecological study investigated the global spatial autocorrelation of epidemiological aspects with femicide rates from towns in Sergipe State, Brazil, (n = 75), in the 2013-2017 period, using the "global" and "local" Moran statistic method and a multiple spatial regression. The exposure variables included socioeconomic and demographic conditions, services and health condition, and femicide rates. We used the software Stata 11.0, SPSS 18.0 and GeoDa 0.95-i. RESULTS: The spatial distribution of femicide rates was not random and showed high spatial autocorrelation and predominance of significant spatial groupings of towns with the highest mortality rates due to femicide in the central region of Sergipe State. In the multiple regression analysis, the percentage of women in charge of families and the Municipal Human Development Index were positively associated with the femicide rates in towns in Sergipe's municipalities in the studied period (p < 0.05). The opposite situation occurred between the Income Concentration Index (GINI) and the femicide rates. CONCLUSION: This is the first study that has analyzed the factors associated with the spatial clusters of femicide rates in a geographical space where there is a predominance of patriarchal culture. There was a femicide increase in locations with the lowest social inequality, the highest human development and authority exercised by women in the family environment.

Breast cancer survival in Great Cuiaba, Brazil: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze ten-year specific survival of women with breast cancer in Great Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: A population-based cohort of 61 women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008 and 2009, in Great Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, followed by 2018 in the regional mortality database. Specific survival was analyzed through the Kaplan-Meier curve, with adjustment of the Weibull model and Log-Weibull Regression. The survival curves of the variables were compared using the log-rank test which were statistically significance (p<0.05). RESULTS: The mean time to death is approximately 51.1 months. Women aged ≤ 50 years and of white race/color presented the worst survival. CONCLUSION: We found out that age, race/color affect specific survival and there is a need for reviewing the control plan for breast cancer in order to increase the survival of women diagnosed with this pathology.

Asma não controlada em crianças e adolescentes expostos aos agrotóxicos em região de intensa atividade do agronegócio / Uncontrolled asthma in children and adolescents exposed to pesticides in an area of intense agribusiness activity / Asma no controlado en niños y adolescentes expuestos a pesticidas en una región de intensa actividad agroindustrial

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os fatores associados à asma não controlada em escolares expostos aos agrotóxicos em município de médio porte de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Estudo do tipo caso controle, realizado com escolares de 6 a 7 anos e 13 a 14 anos de Primavera do Leste, em 2016. Foram considerados casos, escolares que preencheram critérios para asma não controlada por meio de questões do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), os controles foram selecionados a partir das mesmas escolas dos casos, após randomização, numa relação de 1:1. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados os questionários da Fase I e II do ISAAC e o questionário adicional para a exposição aos agrotóxicos. Realizaram-se a análise descritiva, bivariada e regressão logística das variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas, individuais e ambientais. Foram selecionados 319 casos e 319 controles, totalizando em 638 participantes do estudo. No modelo final da regressão logística, as variáveis renda familiar maior que quatro salários mínimos (OR = 14,36; IC95%: 8,89-23,20), ter mãe com escolaridade até Ensino Médio incompleto (OR = 16,32; IC95%: 8,96-29,75), prematuridade (OR = 13,25; IC95%: 4,83-36,41) e baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 17,08; IC95%: 5,52-52,90) mantiveram-se associadas à asma não controlada. Das variáveis de exposição aos agrotóxicos, presença de pessoas no domicílio que trabalham na agricultura (OR = 5,91; IC95%: 2,11-16,53), residir próximo da atividade agrícola (OR = 3,98; IC95%: 1,47-11,76) e a pulverização aérea próxima ao domicílio (OR = 4,20; IC95%: 1,49-11,87) relacionaram-se ao desfecho. Neste estudo, os agrotóxicos e as condições sociodemográficas e de nascimento e infância mostraram-se relacionados à asma não controlada em escolares.

Abstract: The study aimed to analyze factors associated with uncontrolled asthma in schoolchildren exposed to pesticides in a medium-sized municipality in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. This was a case-control study of children 6 to 7 and 13 to 14 years old in Primavera do Leste, in 2016. Cases were defined as schoolchildren that met the criteria for uncontrolled asthma based on International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questions, and controls were selected from the same schools as the cases, after randomization, at a 1:1 ratio. Data collection used the questionnaires from Phases I and II of ISAAC and an additional questionnaire on pesticide exposure. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic da e regression analyses were performed with the individual and environmental sociodemographic, and economic variables. 319 cases and 319 controls were selected, totaling 638 participants in the study. In the final da logistic model, the variables family income greater than 4 minimum wages (OR = 14.36; 95%CI: 8.89-23.20), maternal schooling up to incomplete secondary (OR = 16.32; 95%CI: 8.96-29.75), prematurity (OR = 13.25; 95%CI: 4.83-36.41), and low birthweight (OR = 17.08; 95%CI: 5.52-52.90) remained associated with uncontrolled asthma. Of the pesticide exposure variables, presence of household member working in agriculture (OR = 5.91; 95%CI: 2.11-16.53), living near farming activities (OR = 3.98; 95%CI: 1.47-11.76), and spraying areas near the household (OR = 4.20; 95%CI: 1.49-11.87) were related to the outcome. In this study, pesticides and sociodemographic, neonatal, and childhood conditions proved related to uncontrolled asthma in schoolchildren.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores asociados al asma no controlado en escolares expuestos a pesticidas en un municipio de tamaño medio de Mato Grosso, Brazil. Se trata de un estudio de tipo caso-control, realizado con escolares de 6 a 7 años y de 13 a 14 de Primavera do Leste, en 2016. Se consideraron casos los escolares que cumplieron los criterios para asma no controlado, a través de preguntas del International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), los controles se seleccionaron a partir de las mismas escuelas que los casos, tras una aleatorización, en una relación de 1:1. Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron los cuestionarios de la Fase I y II del ISAAC, así como el cuestionario adicional para la exposición a los pesticidas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado y regresión logística de las variables sociodemográficas y económicas, así como individuales y ambientales. Se seleccionaron 319 casos y 319 controles, llegando a un total de 638 participantes en el estudio. En el modelo final de regresión logística las variables: renta familiar mayor que 4 salarios mínimos (OR = 14,36; IC95%: 8,89-23,20), tener una madre con escolaridad hasta la enseñanza media incompleta (OR = 16,32; IC95%: 8,96-29,75), prematuridad (OR = 13,25; IC95%: 4,83-36,41) y bajo peso al nascer (OR = 17,08; IC95%: 5,52-52,90) se mantuvieron asociadas al asma no controlado. Respecto a las variables de exposición a los pesticidas, la presencia de personas en el domicilio que trabajan en la agricultura (OR = 5,91; IC95%: 2,11-16,53), residir cerca de la actividad agrícola (OR = 3,98; IC95%: 1,47-11,76), así como la pulverización del aérea cercana al domicilio (OR = 4,20; IC95%: 1,49-11,87) se relacionaron con el resultado. En este estudio, los pesticidas y las condiciones sociodemográficas y de nacimiento e infancia se mostraron relacionadas con el asma no controlado en escolares.