Eicosapentaenoic acid-rich oil supplementation activates PPAR-γ and delays skin wound healing in type 1 diabetic mice.

Delayed wound healing is a devastating complication of diabetes and supplementation with fish oil, a source of anti-inflammatory omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), seems an appealing treatment strategy. However, some studies have shown that ω-3 fatty acids may have a deleterious effect on skin repair and the effects of oral administration of EPA on wound healing in diabetes are unclear. We used streptozotocin-induced diabetes as a mouse model to investigate the effects of oral administration of an EPA-rich oil on wound closure and quality of new tissue formed. Gas chromatography analysis of serum and skin showed that EPA-rich oil increased the incorporation of ω-3 and decreased ω-6 fatty acids, resulting in reduction of the ω-6/ω-3 ratio. On the tenth day after wounding, EPA increased production of IL-10 by neutrophils in the wound, reduced collagen deposition, and ultimately delayed wound closure and impaired quality of the healed tissue. This effect was PPAR-γ-dependent. EPA and IL-10 reduced collagen production by fibroblasts in vitro. In vivo, topical PPAR-γ-blockade reversed the deleterious effects of EPA on wound closure and on collagen organization in diabetic mice. We also observed a reduction in IL-10 production by neutrophils in diabetic mice treated topically with the PPAR-γ blocker. These results show that oral supplementation with EPA-rich oil impairs skin wound healing in diabetes, acting on inflammatory and non-inflammatory cells.

[Association between excess weight and serum lipid alterations in adolescents]. / Associação entre excesso de peso e alterações lipídicas em adolescentes.

The study estimated the prevalence of serum lipid alterations among adolescents and investigated its association with excess weight and abdominal obesity. It involved a cross-sectional study with 525 adolescents from Piracicaba (São Paulo state). Anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference and waist-height ratio) and biochemical information were obtained (total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides). The relationship between the anthropometric indicators and alterations in lipid profile was tested by logistic regression. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was in the order of 81%. An association was verified between high WHeR and serum lipid alterations in total cholesterol (OR = 2.00; CI 95% = 1.09-3.64) and triglycerides (OR = 4.48; CI 95% = 2.03-9.89) after adjustment for age and sex. No significant associations of alterations in lipid profile were found with excess weight and CC. The high prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with abdominal obesity indicates that preventive measures should begin in childhood in order to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.

O estudo estimou a prevalência de alterações lipídicas entre adolescentes e investigou sua associação com o excesso de peso e com a obesidade abdominal. Foi um estudo transversal realizado com 525 adolescentes de Piracicaba (SP). Foram obtidas informações antropométricas (índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura e relação cintura estatura) e bioquímicas (colesterol total e frações, triglicerídeos). A associação entre alterações no perfil lipídico e indicadores antropométricos foi testada pela regressão logística. Aproximadamente 81% dos adolescentes apresentaram alteração em pelo menos uma fração lipídica. Verificou-se que houve associação entre RCEst aumentada e alteração do perfil lipídico para colesterol total (OR = 2,00; IC 95% = 1,09-3,64) e para triglicerídeo (OR = 4,48; IC 95% = 2,03-9,89) após ajuste por sexo e idade. Não foram verificadas associações significativas das alterações no perfil lipídico com o excesso de peso e a CC. A elevada prevalência de alterações lipídicas e sua associação com a obesidade abdominal indicam que medidas de prevenção devem ser iniciadas na infância e na adolescência com o intuito de reduzir a ocorrência de doenças cardiovasculares.

Associação entre excesso de peso e alterações lipídicas em adolescentes / Association between excess weight and serum lipid alterations in adolescents

Resumo O estudo estimou a prevalência de alterações lipídicas entre adolescentes e investigou sua associação com o excesso de peso e com a obesidade abdominal. Foi um estudo transversal realizado com 525 adolescentes de Piracicaba (SP). Foram obtidas informações antropométricas (índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura e relação cintura estatura) e bioquímicas (colesterol total e frações, triglicerídeos). A associação entre alterações no perfil lipídico e indicadores antropométricos foi testada pela regressão logística. Aproximadamente 81% dos adolescentes apresentaram alteração em pelo menos uma fração lipídica. Verificou-se que houve associação entre RCEst aumentada e alteração do perfil lipídico para colesterol total (OR = 2,00; IC 95% = 1,09-3,64) e para triglicerídeo (OR = 4,48; IC 95% = 2,03-9,89) após ajuste por sexo e idade. Não foram verificadas associações significativas das alterações no perfil lipídico com o excesso de peso e a CC. A elevada prevalência de alterações lipídicas e sua associação com a obesidade abdominal indicam que medidas de prevenção devem ser iniciadas na infância e na adolescência com o intuito de reduzir a ocorrência de doenças cardiovasculares.

Abstract The study estimated the prevalence of serum lipid alterations among adolescents and investigated its association with excess weight and abdominal obesity. It involved a cross-sectional study with 525 adolescents from Piracicaba (São Paulo state). Anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference and waist-height ratio) and biochemical information were obtained (total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides). The relationship between the anthropometric indicators and alterations in lipid profile was tested by logistic regression. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was in the order of 81%. An association was verified between high WHeR and serum lipid alterations in total cholesterol (OR = 2.00; CI 95% = 1.09-3.64) and triglycerides (OR = 4.48; CI 95% = 2.03-9.89) after adjustment for age and sex. No significant associations of alterations in lipid profile were found with excess weight and CC. The high prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with abdominal obesity indicates that preventive measures should begin in childhood in order to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.