Ação educativa em escola pública sobre alergias e intolerâncias alimentares / Educational action in public school on food allergies and intolerances

Objetivo: relatar a experiência por meio de uma ação educativa para adolescentes em uma escola pública. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiencia. Elencaram-se, como critérios de inclusão para a pesquisa, adolescentes de uma turma do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental II e alunos com 14 a 16 anos. Utilizaram-se metodologias ativas de roda de conversa, vídeos e gincana científica que contribuíram para o processo de conhecimento dos alunos. Resultados: realizou-se a ação em quatro momentos. percebeu-se durante a ação que os adolescentes ainda tinham certas dificuldades sobre o assunto. Conclusão: sensibilizaram-se, pela ação educativa, os envolvidos em relação à temática, e os acadêmicos conseguiram impactar os participantes da ação para um melhor entendimento a respeito da definição e causas das patologias, diferenças, sintomas, principais alimentos envolvidos na alergia e intolerância alimentar.(AU)

Objective: to report the experience through an educational action for adolescents in a public school. Method: this is a descriptive study, kind of experience report. The inclusion criteria for the research were adolescents from a ninth grade elementary school class and students aged 14 to 16 years. Active methodologies of conversation wheel, videos and scientific scavenger games were used that contributed to the students' knowledge process. Results: the action was performed in four moments. It was noticed during the action that the teenagers still had some difficulties on the subject. Conclusion: those involved in the theme were sensitized by the educational action, and the academics were able to impact the participants of the action for a better understanding of the definition and causes of pathologies, differences, symptoms, main foods involved in food allergy and intolerance. Nursing.(AU)

Objetivo: informar la experiencia a través de una acción educativa para adolescentes en una escuela pública. Método: este es un estudio descriptivo, tipo de informe de experiencia. Los criterios de inclusión para la investigación fueron adolescentes de una clase de primaria de noveno grado y estudiantes de 14 a 16 años. Se utilizaron metodologías activas de rueda de conversación, videos y juegos de búsqueda científica que contribuyeron al proceso de conocimiento de los estudiantes. Resultados: la acción se realizó en cuatro momentos. Se notó durante la acción que los adolescentes todavía tenían algunas dificultades sobre el tema. Conclusión: los involucrados en el tema fueron sensibilizados por la acción educativa, y los académicos pudieron impactar a los participantes de la acción para una mejor comprensión de la definición y las causas de las patologías, diferencias, síntomas, alimentos principales involucrados en alergia e intolerancia alimentaria.(AU)

Analysis of Anatomical Characteristics and Morphometric Aspects of Infraorbital and Accessory Infraorbital Foramina.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to perform a morphological and morphometric study of the characteristics of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) and accessory infraorbital foramen (AIOF) in Brazilian skulls. METHODS: A sample calculation determined a total of 94 human skulls to be evaluated by a trained examiner for number, shape, diameters, and location of IOF in relation to anatomical landmarks. Number, size, shape, diameters, location, orientation, position, and distances in relation to anatomical landmarks were evaluated for the AIOF. Descriptive analysis, paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Pearson and Spearman correlations were used. RESULTS: A total of 188 IOFs and 48 AIOFs were found. Circular outline was the predominant shape for both IOFs and AIOFs. Infraorbital foramens presented in left sides had a significantly greater transverse diameter and distance from medial margin of the orbit when compared with IOFs located on the right sides (P <0.001). Accessory infraorbital foramens were most frequently found on the left sides of the skulls and had a superomedial position in relation to the IOFs. Accessory infraorbital foramens located on right sides had a significantly greater distance to anterior nasal spine when compared with AIOFs located on the left sides (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this solid methodology-based study can help guide surgeons in accurately locating the IOF and AIOF, and consequently, their neurovascular bundles to perform safe procedures during maxillofacial interventions.

Comparative presynaptic effects of the volatile anesthetics sevoflurane and isoflurane at the mouse neuromuscular junction.

INTRODUCTION: Sevoflurane and isoflurane are anesthetics that cause muscle relaxation and potentiate the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents. Their presynaptic mechanisms of action are not understood completely, especially at the motor nerve terminal. METHODS: We compared the presynaptic effects of these anesthetics on the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles labeled with the dye FM1-43 at the mouse neuromuscular junction. RESULTS: Neither anesthetic evoked spontaneous exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, but both significantly inhibited the depolarization evoked by 4-aminopyridine and veratridine, suggesting a putative action on sodium channels. Exocytosis evoked by veratridine was inhibited by tetrodotoxin alone or in conjunction with sevoflurane or isoflurane, indicating that both agents may target voltage-gated sodium channels. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that sevoflurane and isoflurane inhibit exocytosis evoked by sodium-dependent depolarization and might act on tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels. These findings contribute to a better understanding of some clinical neuromuscular effects induced by these anesthetics.

Virulence factors and biofilm production by isolates of Bacteroides fragilis recovered from dog intestinal tracts.

Bacteroides fragilis colonizes dog guts both as a commensal and as an opportunistic pathogen. This study aims to evaluate virulence factors of 13 B. fragilis strains isolated from dog intestinal tracts and their ability for biofilm formation. Capsules were detected in all the evaluated strains. A total of 61.5% of all strains were biofilm producers. These attributes most likely play an important role in B. fragilis persistent colonization in the gut.

Capacidade de resposta de bancos de alimentos na captação, distribuição e redução de desperdício de alimentos / La capacidad de respuesta de los bancos de alimentos en la captación, distribución y reducción del desperdicio alimentar / Response capacity of food banks in receiving, distributing and reducing food waste

Bancos de Alimentos são equipamentos de segurança alimentar que operamna arrecadação e distribuição de alimentos por meio da articulação com o setor alimentícioe com a sociedade civil. Este estudo se estruturou a partir de dois objetivos. O primeiro foiconstruir variáveis para avaliação de banco de alimentos. O segundo, avaliar a capacidadede resposta dos bancos na captação, distribuição e redução do desperdício alimentar.Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal realizado no período de março de 2010 ajulho de 2011 em seis bancos de alimentos implantados na Região Metropolitana de BeloHorizonte, Minas Gerais. Foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados primários atécnica de grupo focal para construção das variáveis de avaliação e questionário estruturadopara o levantamento de dados sobre a capacidade de resposta dos bancos. O resultado dapesquisa permitiu a construção do instrumento de avaliação composto por três categorias:gestão e infraestrutura; condição de operacionalização; e resultado atingido e coberturade atendimento. Foi observado que a capacidade de resposta dos bancos é afetada pelasua baixa institucionalidade junto ao poder público, somada à frágil articulação dos bancoscom as entidades beneficiárias e a sociedade civil. Uma maior capacidade de cobertura foiidentificada no banco implantado em uma Central de Abastecimento...

Food banks are programs of food security that operate collecting and distributingfood through partnerships established in the food sector and civil society. This study wasstructured based on two objectives. The first was to establish variables to evaluate food banks.The second was to evaluate their response capacity in receiving, distributing and reducingfood waste. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between March 2010 andJuly 2011 in six food banks located in Great Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Primarydata collection was based on the focus group method used to create variables for evaluation,and a structured questionnaire in order to collect data on food banks response capacity.The results of this research allowed the creation of an evaluation tool shaped by threecategories: management and structure; operational capacity; and results obtained and servicecover. It was determined that the response capacity of food banks is affected by its poorinstitutionalization towards the public system, evidenced by the structure of the team and itslack of employment relationship added to the fragile liaison between food banks, beneficiaryentities and civil society. The greatest cover capacity was identified in the food bank that wasestablished as the main food supplier of the region...

Bancos de Alimentos son equipos de seguridad alimentaria que actúanarrecadando y distribuyendo alimentos, por la articulación con asociados del ramo alimenticioy de la sociedad civil. Este estudio se estructuró a partir de dos objetivos. El primero fueconstruir variantes para evaluación de banco de alimentos. El segundo, evaluar la capacidadde respuesta de los bancos de alimentos en la captación, distribución y reducción deldesperdicio alimentar. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en el períodode marzo de 2010 a julio de 2011, en seis bancos de alimentos implantados en la RegiónMetropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Fue utilizado como instrumento de colecta de datos 32primarios la técnica de grupo focal, para la construcción de las variables de evaluación ycuestionario estructurado para la recopilación de datos sobre la capacidad de respuesta delos bancos. El resultado de la investigación permitió construir el instrumento de evaluacióncompuesto por tres categorías: manejo/ infraestructura; condición de operación y resultadoalcanzado/cobertura de atención. Fue observado que la capacidad de respuesta de losbancos es afectada por su baja institucionalidad junto al poder público, evidente tanto en lacomposición del personal como en los vínculos de trabajo, además de la frágil articulación delos bancos con los locales beneficiarios y la sociedad civil. Más amplia capacidad de coberturafue identificada en el banco implantado en un Centro de Abastecimiento...

Virulence factors and biofilm production by isolates of Bacteroides fragilis recovered from dog intestinal tracts

Bacteroides fragilis colonizes dog guts both as a commensal and as an opportunistic pathogen. This study aims to evaluate virulence factors of 13 B. fragilis strains isolated from dog intestinal tracts and their ability for biofilm formation. Capsules were detected in all the evaluated strains. A total of 61.5% of all strains were biofilm producers. These attributes most likely play an important role in B. fragilis persistent colonization in the gut.

In vitro effect of antibiotics on biofilm formation by Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated from intestinal microbiota of dogs and their antimicrobial susceptibility.

The Bacteroides fragilis group strains colonize the intestinal tract of dogs as commensal bacteria. Nevertheless, they can be opportunistic pathogens responsible for significant morbidity and mortality rates in dogs, like in oral infections, abscesses and wound infections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility in B. fragilis strains isolated from dogs intestinal microbiota and to evaluate the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of some antimicrobials on biofilm formation. A total of 30 B. fragilis group strains were tested for susceptibility to ten antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution method. Thirteen B. fragilis strains were tested for biofilm formation and the biofilm producer strains were chosen to evaluate the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of six antimicrobials on biofilm formation. The isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, metronidazole, imipenem and chloramphenicol. Tetracycline and clindamycin were active against 50% and 33% of the strains, respectively. When biofilm-forming strains were grown in the presence of sub-MICs of imipenem and metronidazole, the inhibition of biofilm formation was observed. In contrast, enrofloxacin at ½ MIC caused a significant increase in biofilm formation in two of four strains examined. In conclusion, the B. fragilis group strains isolated were susceptible to most of the antimicrobials tested and the sub-MIC concentrations of imipenem, metronidazole and clindamycin were able to inhibit the biofilm formation.

The polysaccharide fraction of Propionibacterium acnes modulates the development of experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

The pathogenesis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) appears to be associated with type-2 cytokines and podocyte dysfunction. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that immunization with the polysaccharide fraction of Propionibacterium acnes (PS), a pro-Th1 agonist, may subvert the type-2 profile and protect podocytes from adriamycin-induced glomerulosclerosis. Adriamycin injection resulted in albuminuria and increased serum creatinine in association with loss of glomerular podocin and podoplanin expression, which is consistent with podocyte dysfunction. Renal tissue analysis revealed the expression of transcripts for GATA3 and fibrogenic-related proteins, such as TGF-ß, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). In association with the expression of fibrogenic transcripts, we observed peri-glomerular expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), indicating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and increased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in tubular cells, suggesting intense proliferative activity. Previous immunization with PS inhibited albuminuria and serum creatinine in association with the preservation of podocyte proteins and inhibition of fibrogenic transcripts and the expression of α-SMA and PCNA proteins. Tissue analysis also revealed that PS treatment induced expression of mRNA for GD3 synthase, which is a glycosiltransferase related to the synthesis of GD3, a ganglioside associated with podocyte physiology. In addition, PS treatment inhibited the influx of inflammatory CD8(pos) and CD11b(pos) cells to kidney tissue. Finally, PS treatment on day 4 post-ADM, a period when proteinuria was already established, was able to improve renal function. Thus, we demonstrate that the PS fraction of P. acnes can inhibit FSGS pathogenesis, suggesting that immunomodulation can represent an alternative approach for disease management.

Halothane induces vesicular and carrier-mediated release of [3H]serotonin from rat brain cortical slices.

The serotonergic system may play a role during general anesthesia but the effect of the volatile anesthetic halothane on the release of serotonin (5-HT) is not fully understood. Rat brain cortical slices were labeled with [3H]5-HT to investigate the effects of halothane on the release of this neurotransmitter from the central nervous system. Halothane induced an increase on the release of [3H]5-HT that was dependent on incubation time and anesthetic concentration (0.006, 0.012, 0.024, 0.036, 0.048 and 0.072 mM). This effect was independent of extracellular calcium and was not affected by tetrodotoxin (blocker of voltage dependent Na+ channels). In contrast, the halothane-evoked [3H]5-HT release was reduced by BAPTA-AM, a membrane-permeable BAPTA analog that chelates intracellular Ca2+. The anesthetic-induced [3H]5-HT release depends on the ryanodine-sensitive intracellular calcium store since it was blocked by dantrolene and azumolene (inhibitors of the calcium-release through ryanodine receptors) but was not affected by aminoethoxydiphenylborate (2-APB), an inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor. The [3H]5-HT release induced by halothane comes mainly from the vesicular pool since it was reduced in about 70% by reserpine, a blocker of vesicular monoamine transporter. The halothane-evoked release of [3H]5-HT release is reduced by fluoxetine, an inhibitor of 5-HT uptake, and the volatile agent also decreased the uptake of [3H]5-HT into rat brain cortical slices. Moreover, a decrease on halothane-induced release of [3H]5-HT was also observed when the brain cortical slices were incubated at low temperature, which is known to interfere with the carrier-mediated release of the neurotransmitter. Ouabain, a Na+/K+ ATPase pump inhibitor, which induces 5-HT release through reverse transport, also decreased [3H]5-HT release induced by halothane, confirming the involvement of a carrier-mediated release of the neurotransmitter in the presence of halothane. In conclusion, these data suggest that halothane induces vesicular and carrier-mediated release of [3H]5-HT in rat brain cortical slices.

Halothane increases non-vesicular [(3)H]dopamine release from brain cortical slices.

Experimental data suggest that halothane anesthesia is associated with significant changes in dopamine (DA) concentration in some brain regions but the mechanism of this effect is not well known. Rat brain cortical slices were labeled with [(3)H]DA to further characterize the effects of halothane on the release of this neurotransmitter from the central nervous system. Halothane induced an increase on the release of [(3)H]DA that was dependent on incubation time and anesthetic concentration (0.012, 0.024, 0.048, 0.072 and 0.096 mM). This effect was independent of extracellular or intracellular calcium. In addition, [(3)H]DA release evoked by halothane was not affected by TTX (blocker of voltage-dependent Na(+) channels) or reserpine (a blocker of vesicular monoamine transporter). These data suggest that [(3)H]DA release induced by halothane is non-vesicular and would be mediated by the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET). GBR 12909 and nomifensine, inhibitors of DAT, decreased the release of [(3)H]DA evoked by halothane. Nisoxetine, a blocker of NET, reduced the release of [(3)H]DA induced by halothane. In addition, GBR 12909, nisoxetine and, halothane decrease the uptake of [(3)H]DA into rat brain cortical slices. A decrease on halothane-induced release of [(3)H]DA was also observed when the brain cortical slices were incubated at low temperature and low extracellular sodium, which are known to interfere with the carrier-mediated release of the neurotransmitter. Ouabain, a Na(+)/K(+) ATPase pump inhibitor, which induces DA release through reverse transport, decreased [(3)H]DA release induced by halothane. It is suggested that halothane increases [(3)H]DA release in brain cortical slices that is mediated by DAT and NET present in the plasma membrane.

The effect of sevoflurane on the release of [3H]dopamine from rat brain cortical slices.

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that exerts major control on important brain functions and some lines of studies suggest that dopaminergic neurotransmission may be a potential target for volatile anesthetics. In the present study, rat brain cortical slices were labeled with [(3)H]dopamine to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on the release of this neurotransmitter. [(3)H]dopamine release was significantly increased in the presence of sevoflurane (0.46 mM) and this effect was independent of extracellular or intracellular calcium. In addition, [(3)H]dopamine release evoked by sevoflurane was not affected by TTX (blocker of voltage-dependent sodium channels) or reserpine (a blocker of the vesicular monoamine transporter). These data suggest that the dopamine release induced by sevoflurane is non-vesicular, independent of exocytosis and, would be mediated by the dopamine transporter (DAT). GBR12909 and nomifensine, inhibitors of DAT, decreased the release of [(3)H]dopamine evoked by sevoflurane. The same effect was also observed when the brain cortical slices were incubated at low temperature and low extracellular sodium. Ouabain, a Na(+)/K(+) ATPase pump inhibitor, which is known to induce dopamine release through reverse transport, decreased [(3)H]dopamine release induced by sevoflurane. In conclusion, the present study suggests that sevoflurane increases [(3)H]dopamine release in brain cortical slices that is mediated by DAT located at the plasma membrane.

Controle da qualidade em colpocitologia: visão rápida com campo marcado / Cervical cytology quality control: rapid pre-screening with marked field

INTRODUÇÃO: No Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), adotou-se um sistema de gestão da qualidade (SGQ) segundo as normas brasileiras preconizadas pela International Organization for Standardization (NBR ISO) 9001: 2000. Esse procedimento foi adotado para assegurar a confiabilidade técnica dos exames realizados, em que a qualidade é considerada como julgamento do cliente, ou seja, solução àss suas expectativas. Neste estudo, focamos a qualidade dos exames colpocitológicos realizados pelo Departamento. Embora a evolução de lesões do colo do útero para carcinoma invasor seja lenta, o êxito do tratamento depende do seu diagnóstico precoce. Assim, entre as possíveis falhas do exame preventivo, diagnóstico falso-negativo é a que mais agravo causa, pois posterga o início do tratamento. OBJETIVO: Testar tr�s métodos diferentes, procurando aquele com menor número de diagnóticos falso-negativos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Com a mesma equipe examinadora e com os mesmos critérios de diagnóstico, testamos o método 1 (M1), preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS), que faz revisão aleatória de 10 por cento dos casos negativos, em 3.500 colpocitologias; o método 2 (M2): revisão rápida (RR), proposto na literatura, que consiste de revisão rápida de 100 por cento dos casos, após o escrutínio, em 7.373 casos; e o m�todo 3 (M3): visão rápida (VR) com campo marcado, delineado pela pesquisadora, propõe o exame rápido pré-escrutínio de todos os casos, marcando-se um campo em que existam células alteradas, quando visualizadas, em 8.096 citologias ginecológicas. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas as seguintes porcentagens de diagnósticos falso-negativos: M1: 2,4 por cento; M2: 1,7 por cento e M3: 1,2 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: O méodo M3 foi o melhor, apresentando menor quantidade de diagnósticos falso-negativos.

INTRODUCTION: The Pathology and Forensic Medicine Department of the Faculdade de Medicina de S�o Jos� do Rio Preto, SP had decided to develop a Quality Control System following the NBR ISO 9001: 2000 guidelines. Some procedures were adopted to verify technical reliability for the exams performed, where quality is defined as the clients' judgement, i.e., the solution for the clients' requests and expectations. In this study we have focused on the quality of the cervical cytology performed in the Department. Although the development of cervical lesions through cervical carcinoma takes place slowly, the treatment will have a better chance of success in case of an early diagnosis. Considering all the possible diagnostic mistakes, the false-negative exam is the most dangerous, as it delays the beginning of the treatment. OBJECTIVE: To test three different methods looking for the one with the smaller number of false-negative results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the same team of technicians, and with the same diagnostic criteria the three different techniques were tested. Methodology 1 (M1): in accordance to the Brazilian Ministry of National Health, with a random review of 10 percent of the false-negative results, in the 3,500 cytologies; Methodology 2 (M2): rapid review (RR), as suggested in literature, consists of a rapid review of 100 percent of the smears, after their routine evaluation, and was done in 7,373 cytologies; Methodology 3 (M3): rapid prescreening (RP) with marked field, was proposed by the researcher and consists of a rapid screening of all cases, pointing out a field were there are abnormal cells, and after that the normal screening, in 8,096 cytologies. RESULTS: The three techniques tested showed the following false-negative rates: M1: 2.4 percent; M2: 1.7 percent and M3: 1.2 percent. CONCLUSION: The M3 was the best methodology, presenting less false-negative diagnosis.

Correlação entre sintomatologia depressiva e prática de atividades sociais em idosos

O envelhecimento da população é um fenômeno que vem preocupando as autoridades públicas, já que diversas modificações no sistema de saúde/social devem ser feitas para acomodar tal aumento desta faixa etária. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de correlacionar sintomatologia depressiva e atividades sociais em idosos. Para tanto 150 idosos foram entrevistados em dois grupos (grupo de um posto de saúde e um grupo de terceira idade) e aplicados um questionário de identificação e um de atividades sociais, além da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica. Os resultados demonstraram haver correlação negativa entre engajamento em atividades sociais e sintomatologia depressiva, corroborando os achados de diversas pesquisas que demonstram a importância das atividades e grupos sociais na vida dos idosos(AU)

Correlação entre sintomatologia depressiva e prática de atividades sociais em idosos / Correlation between depressive symptoms and practice of social activities in elderly

O envelhecimento da população é um fenômeno que vem preocupando as autoridades públicas, já que diversas modificações no sistema de saúde/social devem ser feitas para acomodar tal aumento desta faixa etária. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de correlacionar sintomatologia depressiva e atividades sociais em idosos. Para tanto 150 idosos foram entrevistados em dois grupos (grupo de um posto de saúde e um grupo de terceira idade) e aplicados um questionário de identificação e um de atividades sociais, além da Escala de Depressão Geriátrica. Os resultados demonstraram haver correlação negativa entre engajamento em atividades sociais e sintomatologia depressiva, corroborando os achados de diversas pesquisas que demonstram a importância das atividades e grupos sociais na vida dos idosos.

The effect of sevoflurane on intracellular calcium concentration from cholinergic cells.

The mechanism of action of volatile anesthetics is not completely understood. Calcium release from internal stores may alter signaling pathways that influence neurotransmission. Abnormalities of the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) from patients with malignant hyperthermia is a hallmark of this syndrome indicating the potential of these agents to interact with proteins involved in Ca2+ signaling. In the present study, a cholinergic cell line (SN56) was used to examine whether the release of calcium from intracellular stores occurs in the presence of sevoflurane. Changes in [Ca2+]i were measured using fluo-4, a fluorescent calcium sensitive dye and laser scanning confocal microscopy. Sevoflurane induced an increase on [Ca2+]i from SN56 cells. The sevoflurane-induced increase on [Ca2+]i remained even when the cells were perfused with medium lacking extracellular calcium. However, this effect was abolished by BAPTA-AM, a chelator of intracellular calcium, suggesting the involvement of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Using cyclopiazonic acid, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, we investigated whether the depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores interfered with the effect of sevoflurane. In the presence of this agent, sevoflurane caused a small but not significant rise on [Ca2+]i of the SN56 cells. Dantrolene, an inhibitor of ryanodine-sensitive calcium stores did not modify the sevoflurane increase on [Ca2+]i. Carbachol, a drug that releases Ca2+ from the IP3 pool, abolished the effect of sevoflurane. In addition, xestospongin D, a cell-permeant IP3 receptor antagonist, decreased significantly the sevoflurane increase on [Ca2+]i. Our data suggest that the sevoflurane-induced increase on [Ca2+]i from SN56 cells occurs through the release of calcium from IP3-sensitive calcium stores.

Acetylcholine release induced by the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane in rat brain cortical slices.

1. We have investigated the effect of the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane on acetylcholine (ACh) release from rat brain cortical slices. 2. The release of [3H]-ACh into the incubation fluid was studied after labeling the tissue ACh with [methyl-3H]-choline chloride. 3. We observed that sevoflurane induced an increase on the release of ACh that was dependent on incubation time and anesthetic concentration. The sevoflurane-induced ACh release was not blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX) and therefore was independent of sodium channels. In addition, the sevoflurane effect was not blocked by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether (EGTA) or cadmium (Cd2+), thus independent of extracellular calcium. 4. The sevoflurane-induced ACh release was inhibited by 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetra-acetic acid (BAPTA-AM), suggesting the involvement of intracellular calcium-sensitive stores in the process. Dantrolene, an inhibitor of ryanodine receptors, had no effect but 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborate (2-APB), a membrane-permeable inhibitor of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor inhibited the sevoflurane-induced release of ACh. 5. It is concluded that sevoflurane-induced release of ACh in brain cortical slices involves the mobilization of calcium from IP3-sensitive calcium stores.

Estudo retrospectivo dos casos de Leishmaniose tegumentar Americana diagnosticados no laboratório de patologia do Hospital de Base da FAMERP nos anos de 1995-2000, com enfoque clínico e anatomopatológico / Retrospective study of America Cutaneous Leishmaniasis cases diagnosed in the Pathology Laboratory of Hospital de Base-FAMERP: a clinical and anatomophatological focus

A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana é uma infecção causada pelo protozoário do gênero Leishmania, e é transmitida através da picada das fêmeas dos insetos conhecidos como flebotomíneos. o objetivo desse presente estudo foi correlacionar as formas clínicas de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana com a resposta inflamatória tecidual e com o índice de parasitismo. Os casos selecionados, que foram diagnosticados através de biópsia da lesão, deram entrada no Laboratório de Patologia do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto entre os anos de 1995 e 2000. Nós observamos que a lesão predominante foi do tipo úlcera (90 por cento), e quando houve mais de três lesões em um mesmo paciente (20 por cento), não houve formação de granulomas. Verificamos ainda que houve reação granulomatosa (40 por cento), o grau de parasitismo foi menor, sendo classificando como leve pelos parâmetros estipulados. dessa maneira, concluímos que a presença de granuloma deixa a lesão mais contida, mais superficial e com menor número de parasitas

Actinomicose de cólon direito / Actinomycosis of right colon

A actinomicose de cólon direito pela sua rara ocorrência mas com quadro clínico definitivo levou os autores a relatarem este caso. Estudaram esta entidade nos seus aspectos de patogenia, manifestaçöes clínicas, diagnóstico e tratamento. Esta infecçäo atinge principalmente a regiäo cérvico-facial, torácica e abdominal (intestino, útero e anexos). Quando ocorre no intestino, o local menos incomum é a regiäo ileoceal. Mas pode ser visto, excepcionalmente, no cólon e na regiäo anorretal. Ressaltam que o comprometimento a nível entérico é ainda mais raro, podendo se manifestar após uma operaçäo por apendicite aguda. O tratamento cirúrgico e medicamentoso adequados levam à cura sem deixar sequelas