Inclusion of Opuntia stricta (Haw) in sheep diets affects nutrition and the physicochemical characteristics of the rumen content

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of the cactus Opuntia stricta (Haw.) in sheep diets on the feed intake, digestibility, fermentation, and physicochemical characteristics of the ruminal digesta. Five sheep cannulated in the rumen (61.5±9.5 kg body weight) were assigned in a Latin square design (5×5), with five diets and five experimental periods of 21 days each. The first 14 days were the adaptation period, and data were collected over the following seven days, making the total duration of the experiment 105 days. The diets included a control diet and four diets containing cactus at 121, 245, 371, and 500 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The diets had a forage:concentrate ratio of 65:35. The inclusion of cactus increased the DM intake and non-fiber carbohydrates, but reduced the neutral detergent fiber intake. It also increased the apparent digestibility of the DM, reduced the digesta density 4 h after feeding, and increased the production of ruminal fluid foam. The inclusion of cactus quadratically affected the DM rumen turnover, with the lowest value observed in the 336.5 g/kg cactus diet. The DM ruminal disappearance rate increased with the inclusion of cactus to the diets and quadratically affected the ruminal pH, with the highest value found in the 150 g/kg cactus diet. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) increased, but the acetate:propionate ratio decreased with the inclusion of cactus at 500 g/kg DM. Taken together, our findings indicate that the evaluated spineless cactus can be added to sheep diets up to the level of 500 g/kg DM. The inclusion of O. stricta (Haw.) improves feed intake, DM digestibility, and SCFA and modifies the physicochemical characteristics of the ruminal digesta.(AU)

Presença do lazer no orçamento participativo regional de Belo Horizonte - 1994 a 2013/2014 / Presence of leisure in the regional participatory budget of Belo Horizonte - 1994 to 2013/2014

No processo de definições públicas relacionadas ao lazer, é indispensável a participação popular para a garantia de ações condizentes com a demanda do público alvo que se deseja beneficiar. Em Belo Horizonte (BH) o Orçamento Participativo (OP) é percebido como uma ferramenta consolidada e de referência para a participação da população. Assim, este trabalhou pretendeu identificar a presença do lazer no OP de BH, problematizando a presença das demandas de lazer no OP, desde a sua criação até a edição de 2013/2014 através da busca por indícios de concentração de demandas. Os dados analisados nesta pesquisa direcionam ao entendimento de que a representatividade das demandas de lazer frente às outras tem crescido a cada edição. Este fato pode ser proveniente da já aquisição de outras necessidades, consideradas básicas, ou da característica intersetorial e interdisciplinar conferida ao lazer.

In the process of public leisure-related settings, popular participation is essential to guarantee consistent actions for the demand of the target audience. In Belo Horizonte (BH) the Participatory Budget (PB) is perceived as a consolidated and reference tool for population´s participation. Thus, this paper intended to identify the leisure´s presence in BH´s PB, questioning the presence of leisure demand in the PB, since its creation until 2013/2014 edition through search for indication of demands concentration. The analyzed data in this research lead to the understanding that the representativeness of leisure demands compared to others has grown with each edition. This fact may have come from the acquisition of other necessities, considered basic, or of the intersectorial and interdisciplinary characteristic conferred to leisure.