Análisis del aroma de las gotas de papaya mediante los métodos de nariz electrónica y aceptabilidad sensorial / Analysis the flavor of papaya drops by the methods of electronic nose and sensory acceptability

The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of the flavor of papaya drops during refrigerated storage and to correlate the data generated from the electronic nose with that of the sensory analysis. The drops were obtained by basic spheronization process of the papaya pulp. After drops were obtained they were subjected to sensory evaluation and the electronic nose for 16 days of storage at +5° C. Sensory data showed a slight decrease of acceptance (p < 0.05). The results generated by the electronic nose showed there were subtle changes in the flavor during storage, with a small increase in the concentration of organic solvents and the concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. There was a good correlation between sensory analysis data generated by the sensors of the electronic nose.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento del aroma de las gotas de papaya durante el almacenamiento refrigerado y hacer una correlación de los datos generados de la nariz electrónica con los datos del análisis sensorial. Las gotas fueron obtenidas por un proceso de esferificación básica de la pulpa de papaya. Después de la obtención, estas fueron sometidas a evaluaciones sensoriales y con el equipo de la nariz electrónica durante 16 días de almacenamiento a + 5° C. Los datos sensoriales obtenidos con el almacenamiento mostraron una ligera disminución de la aceptación (p < 0,05). Los resultados generados por la nariz electrónica mostraron que hubo cambios sutiles en el aroma durante su almacenamiento, con un pequeño aumento en la concentración de disolventes orgánicos y en la concentración de amoníaco y sulfuro de hidrógeno. Se observó una buena correlación entre los datos del análisis sensorial y los generados por los sensores de la nariz electrónica.

Aroma volatiles recovered in the water phase of cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) juice during concentration.

BACKGROUND: There is a considerable loss of volatile compounds during the thermal concentration of cashew apple juice, damaging product quality, and as yet there is little research on the subject. Thus the purpose of this research was to identify the aroma volatiles evaporated off from cashew apple juice and recovered in the water phase during concentration of this beverage in an industrial plant. Water phase volatiles were extracted using dichloromethane, concentrated under a nitrogen flow, separated by gas chromatography (GC) and identified by GC-mass spectrometry. In order to determine the contribution of each volatile to the cashew aroma, five trained judges evaluated the GC effluents using the Osme GC-olfactometry technique. RESULTS: 71 volatiles were identified; of these, 47 were odour active. Alcohols were preferentially recovered in the cashew water phase, notably heptanol, trans-3-hexen-1-ol and 3-methyl-1-butanol, representing 42% of the total chromatogram area and imparting green grass and fruity aroma notes to the water phase. Esters represented 21% of the total chromatogram area, especially ethyl 2-hydroxyhexanoate, ethyl trans-2-butenoate and ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, and were responsible for the fruity/cashew-like aroma of the water phase. On the other hand, 3-methylbutanoic and 2-methylbutanoic acids were the volatiles that presented the greatest odour impact in the GC effluents of the water phase. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results of the present study strongly indicated that further concentration of the esters recovered in the water phase, either by partial distillation or by alternative technologies such as pervaporation, could generate a higher-quality natural cashew apple essence.