Um olhar sobre a experiência do parto: trajetória, possibilidades e repercussões / A look at the experience of childbirth: trajectory, possibilities and repercussions / Una mirada sobre la experiencia del parto: trayectoria, posibilidades y repercusiones

Esse artigo, produto de uma revisão bibliográfica, teve como propósito descrever o parto enquanto possibilidade de ampliação da consciência da parturiente, destacando a atuação do Gestalt-terapeuta no acompanhamento pré-natal. Para tanto, tomou-se como ponto de partida a trajetória da assistência ao parto e os programas atuais no contexto brasileiro. Os estudos demonstraram que, nos últimos vinte anos, o nascimento tem sido em sua primazia, institucionalizado e masculinizado, o que se justifica pela centralização do poder médico sobre fenômenos femininos e tem como consequência a perda do protagonismo das mulheres na experiência do parto. Os achados evidenciam que a humanização é de extrema importância para fazer frente a essa realidade, pois possibilita que os sujeitos transcendam da heteronomia para a autonomia. Assim, foi possível perceber que o psicólogo Gestalt-terapeuta tem papel fundamental nesse processo, visto que, por meio do cuidado prestado no acompanhamento pré-natal, pode promover saúde mediante a tomada de consciência e o empoderamento das gestantes.

This article, product of a literature review aimed to describe childbirth as a possibility of increased awareness of the parturient, highlighting the role of the Gestalt therapist in prenatal care. Therefore, it took as its starting point the trajectory of assistance to child-birth and current programs in the Brazilian context. Studies have demonstrated that in the last twenty years, the birth has been its primacy, institutionalized and masculinized, which is justified by the centralization of medical power over female phenomena and results in the loss of the role of women in childbirth experience. The findings demonstrate that humanization is of extreme importance to face this reality, because it allows the subject transcend from heteronomy to autonomy. Thus it was possible to perceive that the Gestalt therapist psychologist plays a key role in this process because, through the care provided in prenatal care, can promote health through awareness and empowerment of the pregnants.

En este artículo, producto de una revisión de la literatura destinada a describir el parto como una posibilidad de una mayor conciencia de la madre, destacando el papel del Gestalt terapeuta en la atención prenatal. Por lo tanto, se tomó como punto de partida la trayectoria de la atención y los programas actuales en el contexto brasileñoLos estudios han demostrado que en los últimos veinte años, el nacimiento ha sido su primacía, institucionalizada y masculinizado, que se justifica por la centralización del poder médico sobre fenómenos femeninos y resulta en la pérdida de protagonismo de la mujer en la experiencia del parto. Los resultados muestran que la humanización es de suma importancia para hacer frente a esta realidad, ya que permite a los sujetos trascienden de la heteronomía a la autonomía. Así fue posible ver que el psicólogo Gestalt terapeuta juega un papel clave en este proceso, ya que, a través de la atención recibida en la atención prenatal, puede promover la salud a través de la sensibilización y la potenciación de las mujeres.

Gingivitis, Psychological Factors and Quality of Life in Children.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the associations between gingivitis, emotional status and quality of life in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four Brazilian students (11 to 12 years old) were examined for clinical and self-reported gingivitis. The participants were divided into two groups: those with gingivitis (n = 21) and controls (n = 43). Quality of life, anxiety and depression were measured using self-administered questionnaires. Saliva was collected 30 min after waking and at bedtime to measure the diurnal decline in salivary cortisol. The results were analysed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: There were significantly more female participants in the control group. Approximately 90% of the children with gingivitis had good oral hygiene and 10.5% had satisfactory oral hygiene. There was a significant positive correlation between anxiety and depression in both clinical groups. Anxiety was negatively correlated with quality of life in the control group. Depression was negatively correlated with quality of life and cortisol concentrations in the group with gingivitis, and with quality of life in the control group. Children with gingivitis were more likely to be older and males. CONCLUSIONS: Older children are more likely to experience gingival bleeding. The presence of gingivitis in children may be associated with worse psychological well-being, possibly compromising the quality of life.