Different levels of selenomethionine on the meat quality and selenium deposition in tissue of finishing pigs.

The aim of the study was to verify the influence of selenomethionine (SM) supplementation on performance, carcass yield, characteristics of meat quality and Se tissue deposition of finishing pigs. A total of 128 hybrid pigs with an average weight of 76 kg were distributed in randomized blocks according to body weight in eight treatments and eight replicates. The experimental treatments were two Se levels from sodium selenite-SS (0.3 and 0.6 ppm), four Se levels from SM (0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 ppm) and two combinations of SS with SM (SS 0.15 + SM 0.15 ppm and SS 0.3 + SM 0.3 ppm) providing 0.3 and 0.6 ppm Se in the diet respectively. The feeds were based on corn and soya bean meal. After 30 days on test, were analysed the performance indices and the pigs were slaughtered at commercial slaughterhouse. The cold carcass yield, the physicochemical characteristics of the loin meat and the Se content in muscle and liver were evaluated. There was no significant difference in performance indices (p > .05); however, there was a linear effect on the increase in pig carcass yield by increasing SM (p < .05). The use of SM solely or combined with SS provided higher Se deposition in muscle compared to SS (p < .05). The highest Se deposition in muscle occurred for SM at 0.4 ppm (p < .05). The SS provided higher Se deposition in liver (p < .05). The SM presented best results for meat quality compared to other sources (p < .05). The level of 0.4 ppm Se promoted the best results for the indices of yellow, luminosity, cooking loss and pH (p < .05). The use of SM at any level promotes higher oxidation stability of pig meat (p < .05). The supplementation of SM at a level of 0.4 ppm promotes better physicochemical characteristics and higher Se deposition on swine meat.

Supplementation of selenomethionine at different ages and levels on meat quality, tissue deposition, and selenium retention in broiler chickens.

The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of selenomethionine (SM) supplementation in the diet of chickens on performance, carcass yield, apparent retention, meat quality, and selenium (Se) deposition in tissues. In the first experiment, 2,100 day-old male chicks from the Hubbard Flex strain were randomly distributed in 84 plots with 12 treatments and 7 replicates. The treatments consisted of SM (1,600 ppm) supplementation at levels of 0.3 and 0.5 ppm in substitution of sodium selenite (45.7%) in different preslaughter phases. In the second experiment, 224 day-old male chicks from Hubbard Flex strain were randomly distributed in 28 metabolic cages. Poultry were distributed in 4 treatments with 7 replicates (8 poultry) in the experimental period from 1 to 21 D and experimental plot with 4 poultry aged from 22 to 42 D. Treatments consisted of 4 SM addition levels (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 ppm). In both experiments, the performance (1 to 21 and 1 to 42 D), carcass yield and cuts, apparent retention of Se (33 to 35 D), physical and chemical characteristics of the breast meat were evaluated: objective color, drip loss (DL), cooking loss (CL), pH, peroxide value, and Se deposition in tissues. In experiment I, it was found that SM at 0.3 ppm improved the weight gain and feed conversion of 1 to 42 D. The use of SM at 0.5 ppm resulted in lower DL and CL. The highest Se deposition in muscles was obtained using the SM at 0.5 ppm of 1 to 42 D. Using the SM at 0.5 ppm, only in the last week there was a deposition similar to the use of SM at 0.3 ppm of 1 to 42 D. In experiment II, it can be observed that increased SM levels provided lower DL and lower pH values. Se deposition in tissues of broiler chickens increased linearly at the SM level from 0.3 to 0.6 ppm.

Dietary levels and sources of selenium for post weaning piglets / Níveis dietéticos e fontes de selênio para leitões pós-desmame

ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted to study the effects of two sources and dietary levels of selenium (Se) on performance, Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma and liver of piglets post weaning. A total of 126 weaned pigs male and female Large White × Landrace, at average body weight of 7.2±0.67kg were allotted to seven treatments in a randomized block design, with two Se sources (organic and inorganic), inclusion levels, two levels for the inorganic source (0.30 and 0.60ppm) and four for the organic source (0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60ppm) and one control diet without Se supplementation containing 0.095ppm, and six replicates of three animals per pen. The experimental period was 35 days post-weaning. The organic source contained 0.2067% (Se-yeast), and the inorganic 45.86% (sodium selenite) analyzed. Piglets that received supplemental Se had lower feed intake compared to those not supplemented. Furthermore, feed conversion was better with dietary supplementation of Se, and the organic source was better than the inorganic source at level of 0.30ppm. Plasma concentration of Se was higher (35.53%) in animals receiving dietary supplementation of this mineral, regardless of the sources studied. There was no effect of sources on plasma and hepatic Se, with the lowest values observed for the non-supplementation and organic Se at dietary level of 0.15ppm. There was a linear reduction of plasma GSH-Px activity with increased supplementation levels of organic Se, and the hepatic GSH-Px activity increased linearly with the increased supplementation, regardless of the source studied.

RESUMO: Um experimento foi conduzido para estudar os efeitos de duas fontes e diferentes níveis de selênio (Se) sobre o desempenho, concentração de Se e atividade da glutationa peroxidase no plasma e fígado de leitões após o desmame. Um total de 126 leitões desmamados machos e fêmeas (Large White × Landrace), com peso corporal médio de 7,2±0,67kg foram distribuídos em sete tratamentos em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com duas fontes de Se (orgânico e inorgânico), com níveis de inclusão: dois níveis para a fonte inorgânica (0,30 e 0,60ppm), quatro para a fonte orgânica (0,15, 0,30, 0,45 e 0,60ppm) e uma dieta de controle sem suplemento de Se contendo 0,095ppm em seis repetições de três animais por baia. O período experimental foi de 35 dias após o desmame. A fonte orgânica continha 0,2067% (Se- Levedura) e a inorgânica (Selenito de sódio) 45,86% de Se analisado. Os leitões que receberam Se suplementar tiveram menor consumo de alimento em comparação com os que não foram suplementados. Além disso, a conversão alimentar foi melhor com a suplementação dietética de selênio e a fonte orgânica foi melhor do que a fonte inorgânica ao nível de 0,30ppm. A concentração plasmática de Se foi maior (35,53%) nos animais que receberam suplementação dietética deste mineral, independentemente das fontes estudadas. Não houve efeito de fontes no Se plasmático e hepático, com os valores mais baixos observados para a não suplementação e Se orgânico no nível de dieta de 0,15ppm. Houve uma redução linear da atividade GSH-Px plasmática com níveis de suplementação aumentados de Se orgânico e a atividade hepática GSH-Px aumentou linearmente com o aumento da suplementação, independente da fonte estudada.