Importância das Mídias Sociais no Recrutamento de Participantes para Estudos Clínico / Importance of Social Media in Recruiting Participants for Clinical Trials

Introdução: O baixo recrutamento persiste sendo um desafio para a condução de muitos estudos clínicos, podendo comprometer a fidelidade dos estudos e causando vises. Portanto, o acesso à novas estratégias de recrutamento e o compartilhamento de experiências são cruciais. As ferramentas digitais podem ser úteis para obter uma variedade de informações do público alvo. Além disso, elementos da comunicação digital, como a conveniência, familiaridade ou anonimato, podem contribuir para uma maior disposição dos indivíduos para responder pesquisas online em comparação com entrevistas presenciais. Objetivos: Determinar engajamento dos participantes em mídias sociais e o interesse pela divulgação de conteúdos de pesquisa clínica nas mídias sociais do A.C.Camargo Cancer Center enquanto facilitador para o recrutamento de participantes para estudos clínicos em oncologia. Materiais e Métodos: Este é um estudo observacional, transversal e unicêntrico, que avaliou o engajamento dos participantes em mídias sociais e o interesse pela divulgação de conteúdos de pesquisa clínica nas mídias sociais do A.C.Camargo Cancer Centere a importância das mídias para incrementar o recrutamento de participantes para as pesquisas clínicas realizadas na instituição. Resultados: 5.693 pacientes atendidos nos ambulatórios de Oncogenética, Oncologia Clínica e Oncologia Cutânea receberam os questionários eletrônicos por email. Destes, 360 manifestaram interesse em participar do estudo. A maioria dos participantes acessa mídias sociais todos os dias (296 participantes, 82,4%) e apenas um percentual muito pequeno de 3,3% (12 participantes) não utiliza mídias sociais. Quando analisamos o número de participantes efetivamente recrutados para estudos clínicos realizados pelo A.C.Camargo Cancer Center ao longo do ano de 2022, observamos que o mês de janeiro de 2022 foi aquele em que houve o maior número de recrutamentos (17), seguido pelo intervalo entre maio de 2022 e setembro de 2022, meses em que ocorrem maior divulgação de conteúdo de pesquisa clínica, por ocasião da realização de grandes congressos de Oncologia Clínica. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou o elevado potencial das mídias sociais em informar pacientes e ampliar o recrutamento de participantes para estudos clínicos em oncologia e gerou dados para posteriores ensaios clínicos randomizados com grupo controle, que visem determinar a efetividade das mídias no recrutamento de participantes para a pesquisa clínica.

Introduction:Low recruitment remains a challenge for conducting many clinical studies, which may compromise the fidelity of the studies and cause bias. Therefore, access to new recruiting strategies and sharing experiences are crucial. Digital tools can be useful to obtain a variety of information from the target audience. In addition, elements of digital communication, such as convenience, familiarity or anonymity, can contribute to a greater willingness of individuals to answer surveys online compared tofacetoface interviews. Objectives: To determine participants' engagement in social media and interest in clinical research content on A.C.Camargo Cancer Center's social media, as a facilitator for recruiting participants for clinical trials in oncology. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, crosssectional, singlecenter study that evaluated participants engagement in social media and interest in clinical research content on A.C.Camargo Cancer Center's social media, and the importance of media to increase the recruitment of participants for clinical research carried out at the institution. Results: 693 patients treated at the Oncogenetics, Clinical Oncology and Cutaneous Oncology outpatient clinics received electronic questionnaires by email. Of these, 360 answered and expressed interest toparticipat in the study. Most participants access social media every day (296 participants, 82.4%) and only a very small percentage of 3.3% (12 participants) do not use social media. When we analyze the number of participants effectively recruited for clinical studies carried out by the A.C.Camargo Cancer Center throughout 2022, we observe that January 2022 was the month with the highest number of recruitments (17), followed by the interval between May 2022 and September 2022, months in which clinical research content is most widely disseminated, on the occasion of large Clinical Oncology ongresses. Conclusion:This study demonstrated the high potential of social media to inform patients and to improve the recruitment of participants for clinical trials in oncology and generated data for subsequent randomized clinical trials with a control group, which aim to determine the effectiveness of the media in recruiting participants for clinical research.

Jovem Nem Nem: Questionamentos a partir de Pesquisas sobre Juventude e Experiências de Jovens Pobres / NEEt Youth: Questions from Research on Youth and the Experiences of Poor Youngsters / Joven NiNi: Cuestionamientos a partir de Investigaciones sobre Juventud y Experiencias de Jóvenes Pobres

Os/as chamados/as jovens nem nem são os/as que nem estudam, nem trabalham, nem procuram emprego. Analisamos sua construção como problema social a partir de um tripé: o desconhecimento e desinteresse pelas experiências dos/as jovens pobres, a espetacularização do fenômeno e a constituição de um conjunto de práticas para solucioná-lo. As análises apresentadas partem de uma pesquisa que realizou, com o auxílio do programa ALCESTE, uma análise lexical de universos semânticos sobre os/as chamados/as jovens nem nem em 19 documentos da Organização Internacional do Trabalho/OIT, e uma pesquisa-intervenção com 14 jovens. Analisamos como as microrrelações, as macropolíticas, os aspectos institucionais e culturais contribuem para a ausência dos/as jovens na escola e no trabalho, o que se contrapõe às noções de que os investimentos necessários para a resolução do problema construído devem se dirigir, exclusivamente, à dimensão individual. Problematizamos as noções que convidam a pensar os/as jovens ditos/as nem nem como sujeitos vulneráveis e como grupo de risco, e destacamos sua construção como simulacro dos/as jovens que têm seus direitos negados cotidianamente.

The so-called NEET youngster consists in those who neither study, nor work, nor search for employment. We analyze its construction as a social problem from a tripod: the unknowing and disinterest of poor youngster's experiences, the glamorization of the phenomena and the constitution of a group of practices to solve it. The analyzes presented are based on research that carried out a lexical analysis of semantic universes, using as support the ALCESTE program, about the so-called NEET youngster in nineteen (19) documents of the International Work Organization/OIT, and an intervention-research with fourteen (14) young. We had analyzed how micro-relations, the macro-politics, the institutional and cultural aspects contribute to the absence of the youngsters from school and work, which are opposed to the notions that needed investments to solve the built-up problem must come exclusively from individual dimension. We had problematized the notions that consider the thought of NEET youngsters as vulnerable individuals and as a risk group, and we highlight its construction as a simulation of youngster which has his/her rights denied daily.

Los/las llamados/as jóvenes nini son los/las que ni estudian, ni trabajan, ni buscan empleo. Analizamos su construcción como problema social a partir del trípode: el desconocimiento y desinterés por las experiencias de los/las jóvenes pobres, una espectacularización del fenómeno y la constitución de un conjunto de prácticas para solucionarlo. Los análisis presentados parten de una investigación que realizó un análisis lexical de universos semánticos, usando como apoyoel programa ALCESTE, sobre los/las llamados/as jóvenes nini en diecinueve (19) documentos de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo/OIT, y una investigación-intervención con catorce (14) jóvenes. Analizamos cómo las microrrelaciones, las macropolíticas y los aspectos institucionales y culturales contribuyen al absentismo escolar y laboral de los jóvenes, lo que se opone a la idea de que las inversiones necesarias para resolver el problema construido deben dirigirse exclusivamente a la dimensión individual. Problematizamos las nociones que invitan a pensar los/las jóvenes dichos/as nini como sujetos vulnerables y como grupo de riesgo, y destacamos su construcción como un simulacro de los/las jóvenes que tienen sus derechos negados cotidianamente.

Morphological, biochemical and histological effects of aqueous extracts of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) on swiss mice in different diets.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphological, biochemical, and histological effects of aqueous extracts of peanut (skinless and added to 1% skin) in Swiss mice submitted to a high-fat diet. METHODS: Forty male Swiss mice were divided into four groups (n=10 per group): GI) normocaloric diet; GII) high-fat diet; GIII) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract; GIV) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract + 1% peanut skin. The animals were weighed weekly and euthanized after 12 weeks for histopathological and biochemical analyses. The study was approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee. RESULTS: The animals in the GIV group had higher body weight when compared to the other ones. Increase in total cholesterol in GIII, increase in blood glucose in groups GII, GIII and GIV, decrease in serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration in groups GI and GIV and increase in serum concentration of C-reactive protein in GII were seen. The presence of vacuolar fat deposits was found in animal livers from GII. CONCLUSIONS: The extracts improved the plasma concentrations of animals that received a high-fat diet, including preventing morphological damage to liver tissue. These benefits were enhanced by the association of peanut shells with the extract.

Effects of dynamic and isometric resistance training protocols on metabolic profile in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dynamic (DRT) and isometric (IRT) resistance training on glycemic homeostasis, lipid profile, and nitric oxide (NO) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Patients were randomly distributed into 3 groups: control (n = 65), DRT (n = 65), and IRT (n = 67). Patients assessed before and after the intervention period were tested for fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin resistance, lipid profile, leptin, insulin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, and NO . Patients underwent to strength and body composition assessments. Subjects allocated in both DRT and IRT groups took part in a 24-week resistance training program, 3 times per week. Each training session was approximately 1 hour before dialysis and consisted of 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions at low intensity. Total workload was higher in the DRT as compared with the IRT. This heightened workload related to better glycemic homeostasis in HD patients as measured by regulation of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin, while improveing triglycerides, free-fat mass, and muscle strength. Additionally, NO levels were increased in the DRT group. NO was significantly correlated with glucose intolerance (r = -0.42, p = 0.0155) and workload (r = 0.46, p = 0.0022). The IRT group only improved strength (p < 0.05). Twenty-four weeks of DRT improved glycemic homeostasis, lipid profile, and NO in HD patients. Although IRT seems to play an important role in increasing strength, DRT might be a better choice to promote metabolic adjustments in HD patients. Clinical trial: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3gpg5w. Novelty: DRT might be a better choice for metabolic improvements in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exercise-training might treat metabolic imbalance in CKD patients.

Anosmia and COVID-19: perspectives on its association and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved.

With the spread of SARS-CoV-2, contingency measures and plans to facilitate the screening of infected patients are needed. Changes in olfaction have been cited as symptoms of the disease, and it is important to prove or exclude its association with this condition to refine the symptomatic criteria for early isolation. This article aims to analyze the association between olfactory disorders and SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as investigate the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The research was carried out using the PubMed, Science Direct, and LILACS databases on May 9, 2020, and updated on May 21. Combinations of MeSH descriptors and the Boolean operator, "AND," were used: coronavirus infections AND olfactory disorders, coronavirus infections, and neurological manifestations. A total of 1187 articles were found in the databases, of which 17 were included in the study. The data suggest that changes in smell are strongly associated with Covid-19, especially in women and patients with fever; these changes increase the degree of suspicion of Covid-19, and they warrant early implementation of isolation and surveillance measures. There are still gaps in the elucidation of the pathways involved in the loss of smell caused by SARS-CoV-2; however, the great affinity of the virus for ACE-2 receptors, which are present in large quantities in the nasal cavity and olfactory bulb, has been considered.

Morphological, biochemical and histological effects of aqueous extracts of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) on swiss mice in different diets

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the morphological, biochemical, and histological effects of aqueous extracts of peanut (skinless and added to 1% skin) in Swiss mice submitted to a high-fat diet. Methods: Forty male Swiss mice were divided into four groups (n=10 per group): GI) normocaloric diet; GII) high-fat diet; GIII) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract; GIV) high-fat diet + 0.5 mL of peanut extract + 1% peanut skin. The animals were weighed weekly and euthanized after 12 weeks for histopathological and biochemical analyses. The study was approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee. Results: The animals in the GIV group had higher body weight when compared to the other ones. Increase in total cholesterol in GIII, increase in blood glucose in groups GII, GIII and GIV, decrease in serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration in groups GI and GIV and increase in serum concentration of C-reactive protein in GII were seen. The presence of vacuolar fat deposits was found in animal livers from GII. Conclusions: The extracts improved the plasma concentrations of animals that received a high-fat diet, including preventing morphological damage to liver tissue. These benefits were enhanced by the association of peanut shells with the extract.

EXPERIÊNCIAS DE JOVENS POBRES PARTICIPANTES DE PROGRAMAS DE APRENDIZAGEM PROFISSIONAL / EXPERIENCIAS DE JÓVENES POBRES PARTICIPANTES DE PROGRAMAS DE APRENDIZAJE PROFESIONAL / EXPERIENCES OF POOR YOUTH PARTICIPANTS OF PROFESSIONAL LEARNING PROGRAMS

RESUMO Este artigo visa discutir as experiências, nos âmbitos individual/subjetivo, coletivo/social, profissional, geracional e de classe social, vivenciadas por jovens pobres que participam de programas de aprendizagem profissional. Apontamos como as hierarquias geracional e de classe social tornam estes jovens alvo de diversas ações que visam integrá-los e adaptá-los a um modelo específico de sociedade, tornando-os um campo de intervenção social, sobre o qual vários atores da sociedade atuam no sentido regular e conformar as experiências juvenis. As análises apontam como estas hierarquias constroem lugares de subordinação para os jovens dentro das instituições de formação, nos locais de trabalho e na sociedade. O direito ao trabalho é tomado como trabalho da carência do jovem pobre dentro dos programas de aprendizagem profissional, numa perspectiva de salvação deste jovem, gerando para ele maiores contribuições presentes do que futuras em suas vidas, dentro de um horizonte de instauração de novas trajetórias de vida.

RESUMEN Este artículo objetiva discutir las experiencias, en el ámbito individual/subjetivo, colectivo/social, profesional, generacional y de clase social, vivenciadas por jóvenes pobres que participan en programas de aprendizaje profesional. Indicamos cómo las jerarquías generacionales y de clase social hacende estos jóvenes el blanco de diversas acciones que buscan integrarlos y adaptarlos a un modelo específico de sociedad, transformándolos en campo de intervención social, sobre el que varios personajes de la sociedad actúan, de modo a regular y conformar las experiencias juveniles. Los análisis apuntan cómo esas jerarquías construyen lugares de subordinación para los jóvenes dentro de las instituciones de formación, en locales de trabajo y en la sociedad. El derecho al trabajo se toma como trabajo de la necesidad del joven pobre dentro de los programas de aprendizaje profesional, siguiendo la perspectiva de salvar al propio joven, generándole en sus vidas mayores contribuciones presentes que futuras, dentro de un horizonte de instauración de nuevas trayectorias de vida.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the experiences, the individual/subjective spheres, collective/social, professional, generational and social class experienced by poor young people that participate in programs of professional learning. We point out how the generational and social class hierarchies make poor youth become target of several aimed at integrating them and adapt them to a specific model of society, making them a field of social intervention, on which various social actors operating in regular direction and to conform juvenile experiments. The analyzes show how these hierarchies of subordination build places for young people within the training institutions, the workplace and society. The right to work is taken as the lack of working poor youth within programs of professional learning with a view to the salvation of the poor youth, creating for them the greatest contributions that future gifts in their lives, within a horizon towards new life trajectories.

Experiências de jovens pobres participantes de programas de aprendizagem profissional / Experiencias de jóvenes pobres participantes de programas de aprendizaje profesional / Experiences of poor youth participants of professional learning programs

RESUMO Este artigo visa discutir as experiências, nos âmbitos individual/subjetivo, coletivo/social, profissional, geracional e de classe social, vivenciadas por jovens pobres que participam de programas de aprendizagem profissional. Apontamos como as hierarquias geracional e de classe social tornam estes jovens alvo de diversas ações que visam integrá-los e adaptá-los a um modelo específico de sociedade, tornando-os um campo de intervenção social, sobre o qual vários atores da sociedade atuam no sentido regular e conformar as experiências juvenis. As análises apontam como estas hierarquias constroem lugares de subordinação para os jovens dentro das instituições de formação, nos locais de trabalho e na sociedade. O direito ao trabalho é tomado como trabalho da carência do jovem pobre dentro dos programas de aprendizagem profissional, numa perspectiva de salvação deste jovem, gerando para ele maiores contribuições presentes do que futuras em suas vidas, dentro de um horizonte de instauração de novas trajetórias de vida.

RESUMEN Este artículo objetiva discutir las experiencias, en el ámbito individual/subjetivo, colectivo/social, profesional, generacional y de clase social, vivenciadas por jóvenes pobres que participan en programas de aprendizaje profesional. Indicamos cómo las jerarquías generacionales y de clase social hacende estos jóvenes el blanco de diversas acciones que buscan integrarlos y adaptarlos a un modelo específico de sociedad, transformándolos en campo de intervención social, sobre el que varios personajes de la sociedad actúan, de modo a regular y conformar las experiencias juveniles. Los análisis apuntan cómo esas jerarquías construyen lugares de subordinación para los jóvenes dentro de las instituciones de formación, en locales de trabajo y en la sociedad. El derecho al trabajo se toma como trabajo de la necesidad del joven pobre dentro de los programas de aprendizaje profesional, siguiendo la perspectiva de salvar al propio joven, generándole en sus vidas mayores contribuciones presentes que futuras, dentro de un horizonte de instauración de nuevas trayectorias de vida.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the experiences, the individual/subjective spheres, collective/social, professional, generational and social class experienced by poor young people that participate in programs of professional learning. We point out how the generational and social class hierarchies make poor youth become target of several aimed at integrating them and adapt them to a specific model of society, making them a field of social intervention, on which various social actors operating in regular direction and to conform juvenile experiments. The analyzes show how these hierarchies of subordination build places for young people within the training institutions, the workplace and society. The right to work is taken as the lack of working poor youth within programs of professional learning with a view to the salvation of the poor youth, creating for them the greatest contributions that future gifts in their lives, within a horizon towards new life trajectories.