Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Version of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2.

Competitive anxiety (CA) is an emotional reaction manifested at a somatic and/or cognitive level that regularly appears before or during sports competitions and can significantly impact an athlete's performance. Given the scarcity of validated instruments available for evaluating the competitive-anxiety trait in the Brazilian context, this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2). The study sample was composed of 238 professional and amateur athletes aged 13 years or older who practice different sports modalities. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed adequate fit indices of the original three-factor theoretical model of the SAS-2 after including a correlation between the errors for items 6 and 12 of the somatic anxiety subscale (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08, WRMR = 1.04). For convergent and divergent validity, the SAS-2 subscales exhibited a positive and strong correlations with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R; r = 0.52-0.82), weak to moderate correlations with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - only the trait scale (STAI-T; r = 0.49-0.59), weak correlations with the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; r = 0.29-0.41) and weak to moderate correlations with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; r = 0.49-0.56). The SAS-2 was also able to discriminate among participants with and without social anxiety, general trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, thus confirming its discriminant validity. According to ROC curve analysis, the cutoff point at a score of 29 indicated the optimal balance of sensitivity (0.74) and specificity (0.82). The internal consistency (α = 0.73-0.86) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.73-0.80) were satisfactory. These results indicated that the Brazilian version of the SAS-2 exhibited satisfactory psychometric performance and could be used in the Brazilian context.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) for the Brazilian context.

OBJECTIVE: To present the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) for the Brazilian context. METHOD: The following stages were used: translation into Brazilian Portuguese by independent translators, elaboration of a synthesis version, back-translation, evaluation by experts and pretest with target population. RESULTS: All the stages of cross-cultural adaptation were completed, and in the majority of items evaluated, good concordance between experts was obtained (≥ 80%). Suggested adjustments were compiled into the consensus version by the two authors, with the resulting material being considered adequate in the pretest (and thus no further changes were needed). Termed as "Escala de Ansiedade Esportiva-2," the final version was considered by the main author of the original scale as an official version in Brazilian Portuguese. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the fulfilment of all steps suggested for the cross-cultural adaptation process, the SAS-2 is now available in Brazilian Portuguese to be tested for its psychometric qualities.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) for the Brazilian context / Adaptação transcultural da Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) para o contexto brasileiro

Abstract Objective To present the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) for the Brazilian context. Method The following stages were used: translation into Brazilian Portuguese by independent translators, elaboration of a synthesis version, back-translation, evaluation by experts and pretest with target population. Results All the stages of cross-cultural adaptation were completed, and in the majority of items evaluated, good concordance between experts was obtained (≥ 80%). Suggested adjustments were compiled into the consensus version by the two authors, with the resulting material being considered adequate in the pretest (and thus no further changes were needed). Termed as "Escala de Ansiedade Esportiva-2," the final version was considered by the main author of the original scale as an official version in Brazilian Portuguese. Conclusions In view of the fulfilment of all steps suggested for the cross-cultural adaptation process, the SAS-2 is now available in Brazilian Portuguese to be tested for its psychometric qualities.

Resumo Objetivo Apresentar o processo de adaptação transcultural da Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) para o contexto brasileiro. Método Os seguintes estágios foram utilizados: tradução para o português do Brasil por tradutores independentes, elaboração da versão síntese, retrotradução, avaliação de equivalência por especialistas e pré-teste na população-alvo. Resultados Todos os estágios do processo de adaptação transcultural foram respeitados, e, na maioria das estruturas avaliadas, obteve-se porcentagem de concordância satisfatória entre os especialistas (≥ 80%). Os ajustes sugeridos foram compilados pelas duas autoras na versão de consenso, e o material foi considerado adequado no pré-teste, não havendo necessidade de mais modificações. Nomeada "Escala de Ansiedade Esportiva-2", foi considerada pelo autor principal da escala original como a versão oficial em português do Brasil. Conclusão Mediante cumprimento de todas as etapas sugeridas para o processo de adaptação transcultural, a SAS-2 está disponível em português brasileiro para ser testada quanto às suas qualidades psicométricas.

A percepção de apoio social e a sintomatologia depressiva em mulheres jovens atendidas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família / The perception of social support and depressive symptomatology in young women assisted at a Family Health Center / La percepción de apoyo social y la sintomatología depresiva en mujeres jóvenes atendidas en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia

Objetivo: O estudo buscou identificar a percepção de apoio social em 55 mulheres de 20 a 39 anos, cadastradas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de uma cidade de médio porte localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo, verificando possível associação com sintomas depressivos e características sociodemográficas, clínicas e de configuração familiar. Métodos: Estudo observacional de corte transversal realizado com auxílio de um Roteiro de Entrevista Estruturado, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Escala de Apoio Social da Medical Outcomes Study. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e submetidos a testes não paramétricos. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram sintomas sugestivos de depressão em 25,5% da amostra; correlação negativa entre as dimensões de apoio social e depressão, bem como evidências de associação da percepção de apoio social em relação às características sociodemográficas (renda) e de configuração familiar (estado civil e número de filhos). Não foram encontradas evidências estatísticas na associação com as características clínicas. Conclusão: Estes resultados corroboram os achados da literatura nacional e internacional, indicando a necessidade do cuidado com mulheres jovens independentemente da vulnerabilidade específica.

Objective: The study aimed to identify the perception of social support in 55 women aged between 20 and 39, enrolled in a Family Health Center of a medium-size town in São Paulo State/Brazil, verifying its association with depressive symptoms and sociodemographic, clinics and family configuration characteristics. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out with the aid of a Structured Interview, Beck Depression Inventory and Social Support Scale of Medical Outcomes Study. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests. Results: The results indicated suggestive symptoms of depression in 25.5% of the sample; negative correlation between the dimensions of social support and depression, as well as association of perceived social support in relation to the sociodemographic (income) and family configuration (marital status and number of children) characteristics. There was no statistical evidence of association with clinical characteristics. Conclusion: These results corroborate the findings of national and international literature, indicating the need for care with women regardless of specific vulnerability.

Objetivo: El estudio intentó identificar la percepción de apoyo social en 55 mujeres de 20 a 39 años, registrados en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia de una ciudad mediana en el estado de São Paulo/Brasil, comprobando la posible asociación con síntomas depresivos y características sociodemográficas, clínicas y configuración familiar. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal realizado con la ayuda de una Entrevista Estructurada, Inventario de Depresión de Beck y la Escala de Apoyo Social del Medical Outcomes Study. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadísticas descriptivas y pruebas no paramétricas. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron síntomas sugestivos de depresión en el 25,5% de la muestra; correlación negativa entre las dimensiones de apoyo social y depresión, así como evidencia de la asociación del apoyo social percibido en relación con las características sociodemográficas (ingresos) y configuración familiar (estado civil y número de hijos). No se encontró evidencia estadística en asociación con las características clínicas. Conclusión: Estos resultados corroboran los hallazgos de la literatura nacional e internacional, lo que indica la necesidad de ver a las mujeres jóvenes sin importar la vulnerabilidad específica.