Conforto ao adulto em fim de vida hospitalizado / Comfort to the adult at the end of life hospitalized

Introduction: This review article arises from the need to make a broader contribution to the issue of comfort in the practice of nursing care for the adult and elderly person at the end of life during hospitalization. Objective: To systematize the scientific evidence about comfort care of the adult and elderly person at the end of life hospitalized. Methodology: Integrative literature review using the MeSH descriptors of each EBSCOhost database (CINAHL Plus With Full Text, MEDLINE with Full text and Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO. Results: The sample consisted of 15 articles whose findings were analyzed and synthesized. Conclusions: Comfort is a preponderant factor for the well-being of the adult and elderly person who is hospitalized, especially in the context of end-of-life. It is noted that there is great fragility on the part of health teams, especially nurses, in dealing with end-of-life situations still strongly mobilized by feelings of sadness, grief and impotence due to the impending death process, which may condition care of comfort that are provided by the teams to these patients. On the other hand, the reduced number of studies with these characteristics, as well as the need to understand comfort in hospitalization, encourages the development of new investigations

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Validation of a standard forensic anthropology examination protocol by measurement of applicability and reliability on exhumed and archive samples of known biological attribution.

Forensic anthropology makes an important contribution to human identification and assessment of the causes and mechanisms of death and body disposal in criminal and civil investigations, including those related to atrocity, disaster and trafficking victim identification. The methods used are comparative, relying on assignment of questioned material to categories observed in standard reference material of known attribution. Reference collections typically originate in Europe and North America, and are not necessarily representative of contemporary global populations. Methods based on them must be validated when applied to novel populations. This study describes the validation of a standardized forensic anthropology examination protocol by application to two contemporary Brazilian skeletal samples of known attribution. One sample (n=90) was collected from exhumations following 7-35 years of burial and the second (n=30) was collected following successful investigations following routine case work. The study presents measurement of (1) the applicability of each of the methods: used and (2) the reliability with which the biographic parameters were assigned in each case. The results are discussed with reference to published assessments of methodological reliability regarding sex, age and-in particular-ancestry estimation.

Orthodontic use of documentation in identification of a skeletonized body in legal dental practice / Uso de documentación de ortodoncia en la identificación de un cuerpo esqueletizado en la práctica odontológica legal

The analysis of dental records is an essential tool for human identification. The present study aimed to highlight the importance of dental records for identification of skeletonized bodies. In form of conclusion, the method of dental identification using dental records represents a valid option for forensic dentistry

El análisis de los registros dentales es una herramienta esencial para la identificación humana. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo destacar la importancia de los registros dentales para la identificación de los cuerpos esqueletizados. El método de identificación dental que utiliza los registros dentales, representa una opción válida para la odontología forense

Identification of a charred corpse through dental records

Introduction: Forensic Dentistry is an area of Dentistry related to Law. Among its goals is the execution of human identification, defined as the process of determining the person's identity. The forensic dentist uses, in this process, ante-mortem records and data for comparison with post-mortem information obtained from the examination of the body. Objective: To describe the process of identification of a charred corpse by using dental records. Case report: The human material remained from a charred corpse was sent to an anthropological and dental analysis for identification purposes. This employed the analysis of the corpse examination and odontological records. Conclusion: The identification of the victim in this case points out to the need of an interdisciplinary work between Forensic Medicine and Dentistry in situations which other routine identification processes cannot be applied, highlighting the importance of the Forensic dentist for the final solution of the case.

Identificação humana em odontologia legal por meio de registro fotográfico de sorriso: relato de caso / Human identification in forensic dentistry from a photographic record of smile: a case report

Os elementos dentais são os órgãos mais duráveis do corpo humano, capazes de resistir e permanecer intactos por muito tempo após decomposição e/ou incineração dos tecidos moles, denotando características valiosas na individualização. A partir desses aspectos, a Odontologia Legal desempenha um papel fundamental no processode identificação humana em casos cuja identidade é desconhecida. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho objetivou apresentar, por meio de um relato de caso pericial, um procedimento de identificação humana a partir do estudo dos dados antropológicos associados à análise do sorriso por meio de uma fotografia do suspeito. Concluiu-se que a associação entre a fotografia ante mortem e os dados antropológicos e odontolegais permitiu a identificação do indivíduo, sendo essa associação de técnicas de grande validade no processo de identificação humana.

Dental elements are the organs of the body more durable to withstand and remain intact long after decomposition or burning of soft tissue, showing valuable features of individualization. Thus, the forensic dentistry have an essential role in the process of human identification in cases whose identity is unknown. This study aimed to present, through a forensic case report, a procedure for identifying human from the study of cranial characteristics (anthropological data) associated with the analysis of the smile through a photograph of the suspect. It was concluded that theassociation between antemortem photograph and anthropological data allowed the identification of the individual. So this combination of techniques has great validity in the process of human identification.

Centro de Medicina Legal da FMRP-USP: relato de sete anos de prática humanitária com cadáveres humanos não-identificados / Medico Legal Centre (cemel) of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-USP: report of seven years of humanitary practice with unidentified human corpses

Os autores apresentam um relato da experiência de sete anos do Centro de Medicina Legal (CEMEL) da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), no recebimento e guarda de cadáveres não-identificados e na atenção às famílias que procuram parentes desaparecidos. No CEMEL, vítimas de morte violenta são examinadas pelos peritos do IML, as quais podem estar carbonizadas, putrefeitas ou esqueletizadas, situações nas quais a identificação é difícil e requer atenção completa dos profissionais envolvidos. O CEMEL tem como um de seus objetivos no trabalho tanatológico, o resgate da dignidade humana no trato com os cadáveres e seus familiares, através da educação continuada de seus funcionários sobre estes princípios. De dezembro de 1999 a dezembro de 2006 foram examinados 166 cadáveres sem identificação, sendo 112 de pessoas recém falecidas, 45 esqueletizados,7 em estado de putrefação avançada e 02 carbonizados. As entrevistas com as pessoas que se apresentaram como sendo familiares foram realizadas em todos os casos para conhecimento da história de vida do falecido, o que possibilitou a identificação de 25 pessoas. A obtenção de informações válidas para identificação foi proporcionalmente mais eficaz quanto maior o tempo de contato com os familiares, a disponibilidade em atendê-los, o interesse em ouvir suas queixas e o zêlo e trato na guarda do cadáver.

The authors present a report of the seven years experience of the Medico Legal Centre (CEMEL) of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (FMRPUSP) in receiving and keeping non-identified copses and in the attention to the families that search for missing relatives. In CEMEL, victims of natural, suspicious or violent deaths are examined, whose can be carbonized, putrefied or skeletonized, situations in which identification is difficult and require full attention of professionals involved. CEMEL has as priority the rescue of human dignity in dealing with corpses and their families, because of the repetitive denounces of disrespectful treatment in many mortuaries in Brazil. From December 1999 to December 2006, 166 non-identified bodies were examined, being 112 of recent deaths, 45 skeletonized, 7 inadvanced putrefaction and 2 carbonized. The interviews with those allegedly relatives was done inall cases to obtain the life history of the deceased, which allowed the identification of 25 people. Obtaining valid information for identification was proportionally more efficient to the longer timespent with the relatives, the availability in help, the interest in listening to their complaints and thecare in keeping the corpses.