Demographic pressure in Serra do Mar State Park and its buffer zone, southeastern Brazil.

The Serra do Mar State Park forms a green corridor that connects significant remnants of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, a region that presents great biodiversity. However, the mounting pressure exerted on it by disorderly urban expansion around conservation unit areas is a cause for concern. Thereby, this paper aims to analyze a geographical and demographic characterization of Serra do Mar State Park and its buffer zone in order to identify regions under the greatest pressure and provide subsidies for developing public policies. The study is based on a cartographic representation using a geographic information system associated with the 2010 Census demographic data, which has been conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE in Portuguese acronym). The study area covers the territory of 32 municipalities and it was found that almost 25,000 inhabitants live inside the park while approximately 712,000 residents live inside its buffer zone.

Bombeamento e tratamento da fase livre em Aquífero Litorâneo / Pump and treat free phase in Coastal Aquifer

O elevado consumo de combustíveis e sua inadequada disposição no passado geraram preocupações com a poluição do solo e de aquíferos. Essas preocupações tornaram-se ainda maiores pela necessidade de exploração de aquíferos para atender à crescente demanda por recursos hídricos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e a eficácia da técnica de bombeamento e tratamento aplicada à remediação da pluma de fase livre de hidrocarbonetos na área do Auto Posto Baía do Sol, localizado em São Sebastião, no litoral norte do estado de São Paulo, sobre o Aquífero Sedimentar Litorâneo. Os resultados demonstraram que a técnica de bombeamento e tratamento foi eficiente na remediação da área deste Auto Posto, com a remoção total dos poluentes em fase livre. Por outro lado, a técnica apresentou baixa eficácia em razão da necessidade de um período prolongado de bombeamento.

High fuel consumption and its inadequate control in fuel stations caused the pollution of soil and aquifers. These consequences created more concern with the increased exploration of aquifers to supply the groundwater demand. The objective of this study was to evaluate the eficiency and efectiveness of the of pump and treat technique of the water applied to the Coastal Aquifer in the cleaning up of the plumes produced by the leaking of fuel in the gas station Auto Posto Baía do Sol Ltda. The gas station is located in São Sebastião, in the north coast of São Paulo State. In the case of Auto Posto Baía do Sol Ltda., the technique of pump and treat was eficient and the plume produced by the leakage was completely removed. However, the efectiveness of this technique was low due to the long time required for the complete operation.