[Ultrastructure of human peripheral blood lymphocytes as affected by extreme factors]. / Ul'trastruktura limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka pri deistvii ékstremal'nykh faktorov.

Characteristic features of ultrastructure of peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied in males aged 20-24 years performing hard muscular labour under emotional stress in unfavourable climate conditions. It was found that a prolonged exposure (> 3 mo) to the extreme factors brings about characteristic changes in ultrastructure of peripheral blood lymphocytes: a complicated shape of the lymphocytic nuclei, plasma membrane labilization, partial or total destruction of the mitochondrial cristae in most of the cells. It was suggested that all these changes were morphological criteria of reduced resistance of the body in response to extreme conditions. It was also established that autumn is less favourable for adaptation to extreme physical and climate conditions than summer.

[Cellular apoptosis]. / K voprosu ob apoptoze kletok.

The interrelations between lymphocytes and intestinal epithelium cells after total X-ray irradiation (15 Gy) were investigated autoradiographically in CBA mice. The labelled lymphocytes injected in the irradiated animals migrated in intestinal epithelium, the label being present within vacuoles of the crypt cells and later in their nuclei. The trophic function of lymphocytes and the nature of the so-called apoptosis are discussed.

[A histochemical method for detecting xanthine oxidase activity in the liver]. / Gistokhimicheskii metod vyiavleniia aktivnosti ksantinoksidazy v pecheni.

A histochemical method is described for localizing xanthine oxidase--the key enzyme in the purine catabolic pathway. The above method is based on the reduction of p-Nitroblue tetrazolium during hypoxanthine enzymatic oxidation, phenazine methosulfate being an intermediate electron acceptor. The patterns of the reaction product distribution suggest that the Kupffer cells and the sinusoidal endothelium possess the highest xanthine oxidase activity.

[Size of the lesioned portion of the retina after laser exposure (electron microscopic study)]. / Razmery uchastka povrezhdeniia setchatki pri lazernom vozdeistvii (élektronno-mikroskopicheskoe issledovanie).

Morphological pattern of the retina in the trauma focus and outside its borders has been studied electron microscopically after application of ruby laser monoimpulse radiation (wave length 0.69 mcm, energy 1.06-1.25 X 10(-4) J and impulse length 20 nc). The trauma focus is not limited only by the volcano-shaped inflation of the retina. The lesion of the photoreceptory ultrastructure and the disturbance of microcirculation in the vascular layer are defined in 3 zones investigated: at the distance 50, 100 and 1,000 mcm from the spot on the retina, visible in the light microscope. This phenomenon should be taken into consideration when choosing therapeutic doses of laser radiation, applied for treatment of various diseases of the eye.

[Ultrastructural organization of the aero-hematic barrier of the lungs of laboratory animals]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia organizatsiia aérogematicheskogo bar'era legkikh laboratornykh zhivotnykh.

The ultrastructure of the aero-hematic barrier (AHB) of the lungs has been studied in the mostly used laboratory animals-mice and rats. In 2 clinically sound animals in macroscopically unchanged parts of the lungs certain disorders of rheological blood properties have been revealed, edema and focal destruction of endotheliocytes and alveolocytes of the I type, local destruction of the thin part of AHB. The changes revealed in AHB ultrastructure in intact mice and rats are in many respects similar to those developing in the lungs under various extreme influences. Therefore, a wide and thorough investigation of the lung structure in intact animals makes it possible to avoid erroneous conclusions at examining various pulmonary pathology and contributes to a correct estimation of its manifestation degree.

[Pulmonary fat embolism after multiple injuries (an experimental morphological study)]. / Zhirovaia émboliia legkikh posle mnozhestvennykh travm (éksperimental'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie).

Early morphological changes in the lungs in multiple mechanical damages to the body characterized by lack of hemathorax and fractures of the tubular bones were studied histologically and electron microscopically in 140 random-bred experimental rats. It was shown that initial changes in the lungs consisted of fatty embolism and damage to the pulmonary capillaries endothelium followed by edema of interalveolar septae and circulatory disorders, massive infiltration of interalveolar septae with neutrophilic leukocytes, extensive atelectases. The experimental results supplement and specify the data on the pathogenesis of acute respiratory insufficiency in severe mechanical injuries (polytraumas).