Sodium Docusate Surface-Modified Dispersible and Powder Zinc Peroxide Formulation: An Adsorbent for the Effective and Fast Removal of Crystal Violet Dye, an Emerging Wastewater Contaminant.

Crystal violet (CV) dye is one of the most toxic dyes majorly generated by textile industries. It may cause health issues if enters human beings. A lot of research has been reported for the removal of CV dye from wastewater; however, most of them are time-consuming and hardly remove more than 95% of the CV dye. In the last few years, we have tested several materials, and most of them have exhibited very low efficacy toward adsorption of CV including zinc peroxide (ZnO2). To enhance adsorption efficacy, dispersibility, and stability, the surfaces of several reported materials were modified using different wetting agents and nonionic surfactants. Interestingly, ZnO2, which was earlier very less effective after surface modification by sodium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinate, efficiently adsorbed >99.5% of CV from contaminated water within 5 min of contact time at pH ∼10. The adsorption capacity obtained for the sodium docusate surface-modified zinc peroxide (ZnSD) adsorbent was found to be 123 mg/g, which is much better than the other reported for CV removal. Different physiochemical experiment parameters like pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosages, and temperature were optimum to achieve maximum adsorption of the CV dye. The adsorption rate and adsorption mechanism studies show that the adsorption of CV follows pseudo-second-order kinematics and the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption results are consistent, and even treated water can be reutilized for various applications.

Recent Advancement of Synthesis of Isatins as a Versatile Pharmacophore: A review.

Isatin (1 H-indole-2, 3-Dione) and its derivatives are versatile compounds which acts as a precursor for a large number of pharmacologically active compounds. Therefore isatins have a significant importance in the synthesis of different heterocyclic compounds. Isatins show variety of biological activities. In this review we focus on synthetic methods of isatins and their biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, antitubercular activity.

Therapeutic Approach against 2019-nCoV by Inhibition of ACE-2 Receptor.

The continued spread of 2019-nCoV has prompted widespread concern around the world. WHO formally named COVID-19 and International Committee on Taxonomy called it Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to this viral attack, the whole world is in lockdown. Presently, there is no effective way to control it, except social distancing and hygienic activity. World class scientists and researchers are trying to make vaccine and discover the medicine against the control and cure to this deadly viral disease. Our aim to presenting this article is kick-off deadly viral disease i.e COVID-19 by an easy way with minimum intervention and effort. Different ayurvedic therapeutic agents (Curcuma Longa L, Green tea and Piper nigrum) inhabit entry of virus in host cell, transmission of pathogen and improve the immunity. Curcumin and piperine (1-piperoylpiperidine) interact to each other and form a π-π intermolecular complex which enhance the bioavailability of curcumin by inhibition of glucuronidation of curcumin in liver. Both the molecules curcumin and catechin get bound directly to receptors binding domain of S-protein and ACE-2 receptors of host cell, due to which these molecules inhibit the entry of virus in host cell i. e. animal survives from being infected.

Therapeutic Approach Against 2019-nCoV by Inhibition of the ACE-2 receptor.

The continued spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has prompted global concern. The formal name given to 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization is COVID-19, while the International Committee on Taxonomy has named it severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to this viral attack, nations around the world have issued lockdown restrictions. Presently, there is no effective way to control the spread of 2019-nCoV, except through social distancing and hygienic activities. World-class scientists and researchers are trying to develop vaccines and medicines that will cure this deadly viral disease and control its spread. Our aim in presenting this article is to provide an easy therapeutic approach that effectively combats deadly viral diseases, such as COVID-19, with minimal intervention and effort. Different Ayurvedic therapeutic agents (Curcuma longa L, green tea, and Piper nigrum) inhibit the entry of viruses in the host cell and the transmission of pathogens, while improving immunity. Curcumin and piperine (1-piperoylpiperidine) interact with each other and form a π-π intermolecular complex that enhances the bioavailability of curcumin by inhibition of glucuronidation of curcumin in the liver. Two molecules, curcumin and catechin, bind directly to the receptor-binding domain of the S-protein and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor of the host cell, by which these molecules inhibit the entry of viruses in the host cell. As a result, the animal host will survive the infection.

Phyto-extraction of heavy metals and biochemical changes with Brassica nigra L. grown in rayon grade paper mill effluent irrigated soil.

In this study, distribution of metal accumulation and their biological changes of Indian mustard plants (Brassica nigra L.) grown in soil irrigated with different concentration of rayon grade paper effluent (RGPE, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, v/v) were studied. A pronounced effect was recorded at 50% (v/v) RGPE on germination of seeds, amylase activity and other growth parameters in Indian mustard plants. An increase in the chlorophyll and protein contents was also recorded at <50% (v/v) RGPE followed by a decrease at higher concentrations of RGPE (>75%). A significant increase lipid peroxidation was recorded, which was evidenced by the increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in shoot, leaves and seeds in tested plant at all the concentrations of RGPE. This Indian mustard plants (Brassica nigra L.) are well adapted for tolerance of significant amount of heavy metals due to increased level of antioxidants (cysteine and ascorbic acid) in root shoot and leaves of treated plants at all concentration of RGPE. Moreover, it is also important that RGPE should be treated to bring down the metal concentration well within the prescribed limit prior to use in agricultural soil for ferti-irrigation.

Detection of potential microbial antigens by immuno-PCR (PCR-amplified immunoassay).

Immuno-PCR (PCR-amplified immunoassay; I-PCR) is a novel ultrasensitive method combining the versatility of ELISA with the sensitivity of nucleic acid amplification of PCR. The enormous exponential amplification power of PCR in an I-PCR assay leads to at least a 10(2)-10(4)-fold increase in sensitivity compared with an analogous ELISA. I-PCR has been used to detect many biological molecules such as proto-oncogenes, toxins, cytokines, hormones, and biomarkers for autoimmune and Alzheimer's diseases, as well as microbial antigens and antibodies, and it can be adapted as a novel diagnostic tool for various infectious and non-infectious diseases. Quantitative real-time I-PCR has the potential to become the most analytically sensitive method for the detection of proteins. The sensitivity and specificity of a real-time I-PCR assay can be enhanced further with the use of magnetic beads and nanoparticles. This review is primarily focused on the detection of potential viral, bacterial and parasitic antigens by I-PCR assay, thus enabling their application for immunological research and for early diagnosis of infectious diseases.