RESUMO
We report the response to risperidone in seven hospitalized, adult patients who presented psychotic symptoms etiologically related to a general medical condition. The conditions included brain surgery in two, and anticardiolipin syndrome, renal failure, epilepsy, lupus, and metastatic carcinoma in one each. Four patients had failed previous treatment with at least one typical antipsychotic agent. Response to risperidone was assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Serum was collected for measurement of steady-state trough risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone concentrations at effective doses in three patients. Amelioration of psychotic symptoms was noted in all seven patients. Mean (+/- SD) BPRS scores were reduced significantly from baseline (63.0 +/- 15.1) to endpoint (27.0 +/- 3.5; p < 0.01). The mean effective daily dose of risperidone was 3.1 +/- .7 mg and time to response was 4.7 +/- 2.4 days. Risperidone was not present at detectable concentrations in the three patients studied. The mean steady-state trough serum concentration of 9-hydroxyrisperidone in the three patients assessed was 20.3 +/- 9.8 ng/ml. These preliminary findings, which suggest that risperidone is a safe and effective agent in patients with psychotic symptoms due to various medical conditions, need to be confirmed by randomized, antipsychotic comparison trials involving a larger number of patients.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Risperidona/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Antipsicóticos/farmacocinética , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/sangue , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/psicologia , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Risperidona/efeitos adversos , Risperidona/farmacocinética , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Twenty asthmatics in remission phase were subjected to exercise stress by running on level ground for 6 minutes and the degree of airway obstruction was measured by a peak flowmeter. The response was compared to 20 normal healthy volunteers. The prevalence of exercise induced asthma (EIA) was observed to be 75% among the asthmatics with male preponderance. A 100% response was seen in asthmatics of more than 25 years age. EIA was more, and so was the degree of response, as the duration of illness increased. The maximal fall in PEFR from its basal value was seen in the 6th minute after stopping the exercise in majority of the cases. No positive response was observed among the healthy controls.
