[Hydrogen peroxide--a marker for respiratory tract inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma]. / Perekis' vodoroda kak marker vospaleniia dykhatel'nykh putei u bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi.

AIM: To test H2O2 as a marker of respiratory tract inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study entered 70 patients (20 males and 50 females) with atopic asthma (AA) aged 18 to 62 years (mean age 32.6 years). H2O2 concentration in the expired air (CEA) was determined spectrophotometrically (Gallati & Pracht, 1985), content of eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) in blood--with radioimmunoassay kits (Pharmacia & Upjohn, Sweden). Forced expiratory volume per 1 second (FEV1) was used for assessment of severity of bronchial obstruction. Bronchial hyperreactivity was studied by means of the histamine bronchoprovocative test. RESULTS: H2O2 in CEA in BA patients was higher than in healthy subjects (0.127 +/- 0.010 microm/l vs 0.024 +/- 0.004 microm/l). H2O2 concentration significantly correlates with FEV1 (r = -0.449; p < 0.001), bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine (rs = -0.382; p < 0.05) and ECP in blood plasma(r = 0.625; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It was proved possible to use H2O2 in CEA for evaluation of respiratory inflammation in BA patients.

[Bronchial hyperreactivity to the inhalation of hypo- and hyperosmolar aerosols and its correction by halotherapy]. / Giperreaktivnost' bronkhov na ingalatsii gipo- i giperosmoliarnykh aérozolei i ee korrektsiia metodom galoterapii.

18 bronchial asthma (BA) patients (12 with mild and 6 with moderate disease) were examined before and after halotherapy (HT) for airways reactivity using provocative tests with ultrasonic inhalations of purified water (UIPW) and hypertonic salt solution (HSS). Bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) to UIPW and HSS before treatment occurred in 13 and 11 patients (72 and 69%, respectively). HT reduced BHR in 2/3 and 1/2 of the patients, respectively. In the rest patients BHR was unchanged or increased, being so to UIPW only in patients with atopic asthma in attenuating exacerbation. Clinical efficacy of HT and initial BHR to UIPW correlated (r = 0.56; p < 0.05). No correlation was found between HT efficacy and initial BHR to HSS.

[The effect of disorders of thrombocyte functional activity on the microcirculatory status in the lungs and on external respiratory function in patients with aspirin-induced asthma]. / Vliianie narushenii funktsional'noi aktivnosti trombotsitov na sostoianie mikrotsirkuliatsii v legkikh i funktsiiu vneshnego dykhaniia u bol'nykh aspirinovoi astmoi.

Platelet aggregation, pulmonary microcirculation and external respiration were studied against clinical appearance of the disease in 20 patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma (ASA) and 10 asthmatics without aspirin intolerance. All ASA patients were found to exhibit higher intensity and rate of platelet aggregation induced by ATP and heparin. Capillary pulmonary circulation in them was decreased 2-fold compared to nonaspirin asthma patients. All ASA cases had obstructive impairment of pulmonary ventilation in peripheral bronchi. The more serious were defects in platelet function, the more significant were microcirculatory and external respiratory alterations in ASA. Thus, it is evident that changes in platelet function play an important role in the genesis of pulmonary microcirculation and external respiration affections in ASA patients.

[The characteristics of the lung microcirculation and external respiratory function in bronchial asthma patients with systemic arterial hypertension]. / Osobennosti legochnoi mikrotsirkuliatsii i funktsii vneshnego dykhaniia u bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi s sistemnoi arterial'noi gipertoniei.

In 43 patients suffering from bronchial asthma, the data on patients with normal and high systemic arterial pressure were correlated on the basis of studying external respiratory function and pulmonary circulation. The differences are demonstrated as regards the intensity of obstruction, the ratio of changes in lung perfusion to bronchial patency, the response to berotec and the calcium antagonist perdipine.

[Stress and blood circulation in man]. / Stress i krovoobrashchenie cheloveka.

This paper presents the results of studying stress effects on the heart, systemic circulation and cerebral circulation by various methods (ECG, Doppler technique, isotopes, etc). Patterns of circulation changes in response to mental stresses have been identified and variations in circulation regulation as a function of stress enhancement have been revealed. Cerebral circulation changes produced by heavy mental work under stressful conditions are described (increase of blood flow velocity in carotid arteries and of tone of cerebral arteries of large and medium caliber, change in reactivity of anastomoses between branches of the internal and external carotid arteries, patterns of increase and decrease of blood flow in the gray matter of the brain cortex). During prolonged bed rest the type of stressor changes in blood circulation becomes modified and susceptibility to hypertensive states developed. In the course of stressor reactions circulation parameters vary substantially. In this situation changes in systemic circulation are closely related to emotional responses and those in cerebral circulation--to adaptive processes supporting mental activities.