Radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the vagina and vulva: Case report and review of literature.

Angiosarcomas are uncommon malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of endothelial origin. They may be primary or secondary to radiation exposure, chronic lymphedema or to other associated risk factors. They can occur anywhere in the body, with the most common location being the skin of the head and neck. Radiation-induced angiosarcomas of the gynecologic tract are very rare with only few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 54-year-old lady who developed angiosarcoma of the vagina and vulva 9 years following radiotherapy for cervical cancer. She was treated with chemoradiotherapy and died nine months following the diagnosis of angiosarcoma. We also performed a literature review of the radiation-induced angiosarcomas arising in the vagina and vulva. Angiosarcomas should always be considered in the differential diagnosis when dealing with a tumor located in a previously irradiated area, as they may clinically mimic recurrence of the original tumor the patient had.

Goblet cell tumors of the appendix: A review.

Goblet cell tumors are rare tumors of the appendix that exhibit both neuroendocrine and mucinous differentiation. This dual differentiation has led to a controversy regarding the proper classification of these neoplasms as to whether they should be considered neuroendocrine tumors or adenocarcinomas. Multiple grading systems have been proposed that were able to segregate these tumors into prognostically significant groups. Many of these grading systems rely on identifying and/or quantifying the carcinomatous growth pattern. Goblet cell tumors show patchy and focal expression of neuroendocrine markers and are characterized by a mutational profile that is different from both appendiceal adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors. They exhibit a more aggressive behavior than neuroendocrine tumors, and as such, many authors recommend that they be approached and treated as adenocarcinomas.

Review of Hematopathology Consult Cases: A Two-Year Experience in a Tertiary Referral Center in Lebanon.

Hematopathology remains a difficult diagnostic field. With the significant ongoing changes in the classification system that happened over the past several decades, the general pathologist faces many challenges when dealing with patients suspected to have lymphoma or leukemia. The authors assessed referred hematopathology cases that were reviewed by specialized hematopathologists. Of 309 cases, major discrepancy was found in 23% of them. The discrepancy ranged from lymphoma reclassification to other major revisions that had significant impact on patient treatment and management. This paper highlights some of the challenges that may face the general practicing pathologist when dealing with suspected hematopoietic neoplasms.