Hyperpigmented lesions with acquired atrophy following Blaschko lines in a patient with diagnosed with localized scleroderma.

BACKGROUND: Linear atrophoderma of Moulin (LAM) is a dermatosis that affects children and adolescents characterized by hyperpigmented and atrophic linear lesions following Blaschko lines. So far, less than 50 cases have been published. Therefore, it is a rare entity with unknown etiology and a chronic and self-limited course. Histologically, it is described as hyperpigmentation of the basal layer without the involvement of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. No specific treatment exists currently. Localized scleroderma is a chronic and progressive autoimmune connective tissue disorder that affects the skin and adjacent tissues, characterized by abnormal collagen deposition and alteration in elastic fibers, blood vessels, and annexes. No reports have been published on the coexistence of localized scleroderma and LAM. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of an 11-year-old male with a clinical diagnosis of linear scleroderma since 5 years of age. Four years later, the patient developed atrophic and hyperpigmented lesions following Blaschko lines in the posterior trunk. A biopsy of both dermatoses was performed: the trunk showed epidermis with hyperpigmentation of the basal layer, and within the dermis, no alteration in the collagen bundles; the forearm biopsy corroborated scleroderma. Based on the clinical-pathological correlation, LAM coinciding with localized linear scleroderma was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: LAM is an infrequent entity by itself. Moreover, its coexistence with sclerodermiform syndrome has not been reported in the indexed literature.

In vivo anti-arthritic and antioxidant effects from the standardized ethanolic extract of Moussonia deppeana

ABSTRACT Moussonia deppeana (Schltdl. & Cham.) Klotzsch ex Hanst., Gesneriaceae, known as tlachichinole, is a Mexican medicinal plant used for treatment of chronic inflammation-related diseases such as arthritis. In this paper, the main metabolite verbascoside was quantified in ethanolic extract; anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities were also evaluated in Complete Freund's Adjuvant induced arthritis in mice, with complete hematological evaluation, and oxidative stress measure in edema and ganglionic tissues on day 28. In popliteal ganglion, CD4+ lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration were measured in addition to histological analysis. Ethanolic extract contained 79.2 mg of verbascoside/g extract, and this extract at 450 mg/kg generated an inhibition of 24% over paw edema development and increased body weight gain on final day. For hematological parameters, same dose decreased total leukocytes and lymphocytes, as well as decreased oxidation rate over biomolecules in edema and ganglionic tissues, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. In ganglionic tissue, CD4+ lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor alpha level showed no differences at any tested dose compared to complete Freund's adjuvant untreated group. Histological analysis of popliteal ganglion revealed moderate reduction of follicular hyperplasia, leukocyte infiltration and lipid inclusions at 450 mg/kg dose. Ethanolic extract of M. deppeana possesses anti-edematous activity associated to a moderate reduction in follicular hyperplasia, with immune-modulatory and antioxidant effects during experimental arthritis in mice.