Advantages of the Liposomal Form of Xymedon in Leukopoiesis Restoration against the Background of Myelosuppressive Therapy with Liposomal Antineoplastic Drugs in Experiment.

We analyzed advantages of the liposomal form of Xymedon (50 and 100 mg/kg) over free Xymedon (in the corresponding doses) in leukopoiesis restoration in rats with Walker-256 carcinoma treated with liposomal combination of doxorubicin (4 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (45 mg/kg) (single intravenous injection on day 11 after transplantation of tumor cells). Liposomal and free Xymedon were injected intravenously over 5 days starting from day 11 of the experiment. Changes in leukopoiesis in peripheral blood and myelograms were assessed on days 3 and 7 after chemotherapy. Liposomal Xymedon in both doses (unlike its free form) 2-fold increased the number of lymphocytes on day 3 after chemotherapy in comparison with the level observed after administration of liposomal cytostatics alone. Liposomal Xymedon in a dose of 50 mg/kg (but not 100 mg/kg) promoted the maintenance of monocyte count at the level of intact control on days 3 and 7 after chemotherapy. Liposomal Xymedon in a dose of 50 mg/kg and free Xymedon in a dose of 100 mg/kg equally stimulated the increase in myelocytes content in the bone marrow to the level of intact control on day 3 after chemotherapy, thus promoting restoration of granulocytopoiesis.

Effect of Xymedon and Mexidol in Combination with Antineoplastic Drugs on Spermatogenesis Indicators and Functional State of Spermatozoa in Rats with Walker-256 Carcinoma.

We compared the effect of Xymedon (100 mg/kg), Mexidol (50 mg/kg), and their combination on spermatogenesis indicators and functional state of spermatozoa in rats with Walker-256 carcinoma treated with doxorubicin (4 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (45 mg/kg) (once intraperitoneally on day 11 after tumor cells transplantation). Xymedon and Mexidol were injected intramuscularly for 10 days starting from day 11 of the experiment. The studied parameters were evaluated on experimental days 14 and 21. We have established that gonadoprotective effect of Xymedon developed gradually and persisted longer than that of Mexidol. It manifested in an increase in the number of epithelial spermatogenesis cells (spermatogonia by 3.2 times, early spermatids by 2.2 times, late spermatids by 2.9 times, and Leydig cells by 4 times) in the testes and also the proportion of viable progressively and non-progressively motile epididymal spermatozoa (by 2 times). The combination of Xymedon and Mexidol stimulated spermatogenesis (with restoration of the initial level of spermatocytes, an increase in the number of early spermatids by 65.5 and 99% in comparison with Xymedon alone and Mexidol alone, respectively) and increased the number of viable epididymal spermatozoa more effectively than Xymedon and Mexidol alone by 54 and 60%, respectively.

Morphofunctional State of Erythrocytes in Rats with Walker-256 Carcinoma Treated with Docetaxel and Xymedon.

We compared the effect of xymedon (100 mg/kg) and Mexidol (50 mg/kg) on morphometric parameters of erythrocytes and oxygen-transporting function of hemoglobin in rats with Walker-256 carcinoma treated with docetaxel (15 mg/kg once intraperitoneally on day 11 after tumor cells transplantation). Xymedon and Mexidol were injected intramuscularly for 10 days starting from day 11 of the experiment. The studied parameters were evaluated on experimental days 14 and 22. Similar to Mexidol, xymedon prevented changes in the erythrocyte geometric parameters induced by docetaxel and neoplastic process, but increased hemoglobin packing density in erythrocytes (by 32%) more effectively than Mexidol. Optimization of oxygen-transporting function of hemoglobin and normalization of its structural and functional parameters changed by docetaxel treatment (content of oxyhemoglobin, hemoglobin affinity for oxygen and its ability to bind and release oxygen, intensity of symmetric and asymmetric vibrations of pyrrole rings) in rats receiving xymedon took longer time than in case of Mexidol treatment, but the effects were similar.

The use of emoxipin for correction of cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in experimental animals.

In experiments on animals with Lewis lung carcinoma, emoxipin decreased hematotoxicity of cyclophosphamide without reducing its antitumor efficiency (effect on primary tumor node). Combined administration of emoxipin and cyclophosphamide more effectively prevented the development of metastases compared to cytostatic monotherapy.

[The effect of mexidol on the myelosuppressive toxicity, and on the antitumor and antimetastatic effectiveness of cyclophosphane].

Mexidol therapy inhibited cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression in C57B1/6 line mice with Lewis lung carcinoma without affecting antitumor action of the latter. Mexidol plus cyclophosphamide proved more effective in prophylaxis of metastasis as compared with the cytostatic alone.