Amino Acid Supplementation Improves the Production of Extracellular Peptidases by Aspergillus Section Flavi and their Ionic Immobilization

Abstract Bioprocess studies have been highlighted due to the importance of physiological processes and industrial applications of enzymes. The potential of peptidase production from Aspergillus section Flavi using different amino acids as a supplemental nitrogen source was investigated. A production profile revealed that amino acids had positive effects on peptidase production when compared to the control without amino acids. Optimal production (100 U/mL) was obtained with Arginine amino acid in 96 h of fermentation. Extracellular peptidase from Aspergillus section Flavi was identified in submerged bioprocesses by in situ activity. Biochemical studies revealed that the maximum activities of the enzyme extract were obtained at pH 6.5 and a temperature of 55°C. The inhibition by EDTA and PMSF suggests the presence of more than one peptidase while the Ni2+ and Cu2+ had a negative influence on the enzyme activity. When the crude extract was reversibly immobilized on ionic supports, DEAE-Agarose and MANAE-Agarose the derivative showed different profiles of thermal and pH stabilities. Hence, this study revealed the basic properties and biochemical characteristics that allowed the production improvement of this class of enzyme. Moreover, with known properties stabilization and immobilization process is required to further explore its biotechnological capacities.

Bio-electro oxidation of indigo carmine by using microporous activated carbon fiber felt as anode and bioreactor support.

The bioremediation and electro-oxidation (EO) processes are included among the most promising cleaning and decontamination mechanisms of water. The efficiency of bioremediation is dictated by the biological actuator for a specific substrate, its suitable immobilization and all involved biochemical concepts. The EO performance is defined by the anode efficiency to perform the complete mineralization of target compounds and is highlighted by the low or null use of reagent. Recently, the combination of both technologies has been proposed. Thus, the development of high efficient, low cost and eco-friendly anodes for sustainable EO, as well as, supporting devices for immobilization of biological systems applied in bioremediation is an open field of research. Therefore, the aim of this work was to promote the bio-electrochemical remediation of indigo carmine dye (widely common in textile industry), using new anode based on a microporous activated carbon fiber felt (ACFF) and ACFF with immobilized Laccase (Lcc) from Pycnoporus sanguineus. The results were discolorations of 62.7% with ACFF anode and 83.60% with ACFF-MANAE-Lcc anode, both for 60 min in tap water. This remediation rates show that this new anode has low cost and efficiency in the degradation of indigo dye and can be applied for other organic pollutant.

Peptidase with Keratinolytic Activity Secreted by Aspergillus terreus During Solid-State Fermentation

The aim of this study was to evaluate peptidase production by Aspergillus terreus in solid-state bioprocess and evaluate its parameters. The best conditions were 5.0 g of wheat bran as substrate, incubation temperature 30°C, inoculum 2.0x105 spores/g and 75% saline volume, with production reaching 677 U/mL (5400 U/g culture medium) after 72 h of fermentation. Biochemical characterization of the crude enzymatic extract showed the optimum pH and temperature of 6.5 and 55°C, respectively. The stability at different temperatures and pH values showed that the extract could endure different pH. The evaluation of the ions influence and inhibitors proved that the enzyme required an ion for better activity, which was corroborated with the inhibition of EDTA and PMSF, characterizing serine and/or metallo peptidase. The extract was also tested for specific activities and showed promising results for keratinolytic and collagenolytic activities (0.252 and 0.165 OD/mL, respectively).

Reciclagem da Autovitimização: de Vítima de Si Mesmo a Interassistente na Pré-Intermissão / Recycling of Self-Victimization: from Self-Victim to Pre-Intermission Assistant / Reciclaje de la Autovictimización: de Víctima de Sí Mismo a Interasistente en la Pre-Intermisión

Este trabalho surgiu da necessidade de compreender a vitimização no paradigmada ciência convencional e a autovitimização no paradigma consciencial, a fim de investirna superação da mesma, para a autoqualificação na vida humana. O objetivo doartigo é contribuir para conscientizar os leitores interessados na ultrapassagem do referidogargalo evolutivo. O método adotado foi pesquisa bibliográfica, observações autopesquisísticas,debates autorreflexivos entre os autores e preparação de listas de trafaise de trafores relacionados ao tema. O conceito de vítima foi abordado a partir dos viesescitados do Direito e da Conscienciologia. Inclui lista de dez práticas redutoras doautodiscernimento. Os integrantes do Colégio Invisível da Recexologia elaboraram relaçãode traços-faltantes para a superação da vitimização e outra de traços-força do lí-der interassistencial. Nas considerações finais da pesquisa, é levantada a hipótese deo reciclante existencial teático, ao melhorar a autoperformance evolutiva na dimensãointrafísica, por meio da reciclagem da autovitimização, na vida humana atual, poder alcançara condição de líder interassistencial, na dimensão extrafísica, após a segundadessoma; de acordo com os precedentes experimentados, estudados e pesquisados pelosautores(AU)

This work arose from the need of understanding the paradigm of victimization inconventional science and victimization in consciousness paradigm in order to invest inovercoming the latter, for self-qualification in human life. The objective of this articleis to help educate readers interested in ending this evolutionary bottleneck. The methodused was literature review, self-observations notes, self-reflexive discussions betweenthe authors and preparing lists of trafais and trafores related to the topic. The conceptof victim was explored from the biases of the Law and Conscientiology. It has a list often reducing practices of self-discernment. The members of the Invisible College ofRecexology developed relashionships between trafais for the overcoming of victimization and the other, the strong-traits of the interassistencial leader. In the final considerationsof the paper, it is proposed the hypothesis that the teatical existencial recycler canobtain the condition of interassistential leader in the extraphysical dimension after thesecond deactivation of the soma; in consonance with the experience, study and researchof the authors(AU)

Ese trabajo surgió de la necesidad de comprender la victimización en el paradigmade la ciencia convencional y la autovictimización en el paradigma conciencial, a fin deinvertir en la superación de la misma, para la autocualificación en la vida humana. Elobjetivo del artículo es contribuir para concientizar a los lectores interesados en la superaciónde referido obstáculo evolutivo. El método adoptado fue investigación bibliográfica,observaciones autopesquisísticas, debates autorreflexivos entre los autoresy preparación de listas de rasgos débiles y rasgos fuertes relacionados al tema. El conceptode víctima fue abordado partiendo de partir dos puntos citados del Derecho e dela Concienciologia. Incluye lista de 10 prácticas reductoras del autodiscernimiento.Los integrantes del Colegio Invisible de Recexologia elaboraron relación de trazos faltantespara la superación de la victimización y otra, de trazos fuerza del líder interasistencial.En las consideraciones finales de la investigación se levanta la hipótesis del recicladorexistencial teático, al mejorar su autoperformance evolutiva en la dimensiónintrafísica, por medio del reciclaje de la autovictimización, en la vida humana actual,puede alcanzar a condición de líder interasistencial, en la dimensión extrafísica, luegode la segunda dessoma; de acuerdo con los precedentes experimentados, estudiadosy pesquisados por los autores(AU)

Colecistectomia durante a gravidez: relato de seis casos / Cholescystectomy during pregnancy: six cases related

Os autores apresentam seis casos de colecistite aguda, decorrentes de litíase biliar durante a gravidez. Os sintomas mais freqüentes foram febre, cólica biliar, calafrios, intolerância à gordura e vômitos. Todas as pacientes foram submetidas à colecistectomia durante a gravidez. Em cinco casos realizou-se colangiografia transoperatória, dos quais três pacientes foram submetidas à coledocotomia por coledocolitíase. A cirurgia é indicada quando não houver resposta ao tratamento clínico, na persistência de dor e(ou) febre, na presença de sinal de Courvoisier, assim como de sinais de irritação peritoneal e persistência de icterícia obstrutiva. O momento mais adequado para se realizar a cirurgia é uma importante consideração para que se diminua a morbimortalidade fetal e materna.