[Possibility of using fish and amphibians for detecting the carcinogenic action of nitrosomorpholine and its chemical precursors]. / Vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniia ryb i amfibii dlia vyiavleniia kantserogennogo deistviia nitrozomorfolina i ego khimicheskikh predshestvennikov.

When dissolved in water nitrosomorpholine induced in frogs Rana temporaria and aquarium fish adenomas and cancer, hemocytoblastosis, adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas of the intestine, mesenchymomas. A combined action of sodium nitrite and morpholine would induce the tumors concerned, but taken separately NN and M produced only a toxic effect. The morpholine nitration appears to proceed both endogenously and directly in water. It seems rational to use animals of the aqueous medium as an indicator of nitrosoamines and their precursors contamination of hydrosphere.

[Development of tumors in Unio pictorum bivalve mollusks under the influence of N-nitroso compounds]. / Vozniknovenie opukholei u dvustvorchatykh molliuskov Unio pictorum pod vliianiem N-nitrozosoedinenii.

Diethyl- and dimethylnitrosamines dissolved in tank water in doses of 200-400 ppm induced neoplasms of the digestive gland (basophilic cell neoplasms) in 16 of 95 and in 6 of 17 molusco which survived to the time of appearance of the first tumour (38-39 days), and also neoplasms of the hemopoietic system (lymphatic leukemia) in 7 and 1 molluscs, chiefly in combination with tumours of the digestive gland. Methylnitrosoguanidine induced only inflammatory changes at the site of injections. It is of expedience to use the molluscs as a biological indicator of the hydrosphere pollution with chemical carcinogens.