[The impact of increased physical exertion on adrenal cortex state and puberty of the boys].

The research of the adrenal cortex (AC) functional state of 11-15-year-old boys-sportsmen, conducted on the basis of free and bound cortisol (Cf, C) daily excretion indicators, as well as their comparative characteristics with the test class boys revealed that the increased physical activities in the form of regular sport trainings have the overwhelming impact on the age dynamic of AC and puberty of the young sportsmen. It is shown that the Cfexcretion of the 12-14-year-old-sportsmen is characterized by the consistently high indices, and by age of 15 it is observed a significant decrease in the setting of high C values. In contrast to the boys that do not go in for sports and cortisol in urine of which is significantly lower (p < 0.05), but for the age of 13 to 15 it is noted its progressive increase (p < 0.05). A relative slowing ofthe boys-sportsmen puberty process (secondary sexual characters development) is revealed, AC glucocorticoid function pubertal transformation of these boys are completed earlier and in a greater degree reflect its adaptive behavior, that provides raise of child's body resistance to increased physical exertion's influence.

Reaction of the adrenal cortex to graded exercise in children with different initial tonus of the autonomic nervous system.

It was found that the response of the adrenal cortex to graded bicycle exercise in children depends on the initial autonomic tonus and is adequate to the background excretion level of hormone metabolites. Seven-year-old sympathotonic girls with increased excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids at rest demonstrated the lowest increase in this parameter after exercise in comparison with more pronounced increment in vagotonics with relative low initial level of glucocorticoid metabolites. Enhanced excretion of glucocorticoid metabolites with a decrease in androgens observed in 9-year-old sympathotonic girls attests to predominance of catabolic processes over anabolic ones and low efficiency of switching from muscle exercise to recovery in children.

[Influence of the initial vegetative tone on the condition of haemodynamics of younger schoolboys].

The comparative analysis of the functional condition of cardiovascular system and their reaction to the local isometric exercise for the 7-8-year-old boys, who are practically healthy, and in relation ship with the initial tone of the vegetative nervous system is given in the article. By means of variation pulsometer analysis, as well as by means of tetrapolar breast rheography it is found that children with sympathetic influences on heart rate (67.00%-55.55% out of all the studied) in comparison with those, who are normal or vagotonic show the higher activity of neuromediator link in sympathoadrenal system, as well as the increased stroke and minute blood volume on aveioge tachycardia background. With sympathotonic boys it is found that the leadiry link in the mechanism of urgent adaptation of the cardiovascular system to local static exercise there may be the spastic reactions of bloodstream, which allows us to distinguish such-like schoolchildren as a high-risk group in terms of appearance of vegetative dystonia with hypertensire vascular syndrome.

[Human sympathoadrenal system and adrenal cortex in prepubertal and pubertal periods].

A complex study of the functional state of the sympathoadrenal system and adrenal cortex in 10-15-year-old children of both sexes was carried out using the indices of daily excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, 17-ketosteroids, and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. A synchronism in the functional activity of the mediator component of the sympathoadrenal system as well as of the androgenic and glucocorticoid functions of the adrenal cortex was observed with age and during pubertal development of children. At the same time, heterochronic maturation was observed in the sex groups: in girls at the age of 10 and 12 years and in boys at the age of 14-15 years. The changes of different direction and intensity in the excretion of the studied hormones and hormonal metabolites were observed in the sex and age groups. A sharp increase in the daily excretion of glucocorticoid metabolites accompanied by a considerable decrease in the age index of noradrenaline secretion was observed in 14- and 15-year-old boys from beginning to end of school year; in addition, an increase in the daily excretion of sex hormones was observed at the age of 15 years. In girls, these indices varied within the age range, which points to a more sophisticated neuroendocrine control of physiological functions in girls during puberty.