RESUMO
A single dose of cefonicid given 3.5-5.0 hours or 0.5-1.0 hour preoperatively was compared with cefoxitin given as five doses beginning 0.5-1.0 hour preoperatively for prophylaxis of infection in 202 patients undergoing vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy. The administration of cefonicid 3.5-5.0 hours preoperatively was intended to simulate situations where surgery may be delayed or prolonged. The trial was double-blind, and patients were randomized to one of the three regimens. Operative site infections were noted in 6.2 percent of patients (7/113) who received cefonicid 3.5-5.0 hours preoperatively, in 7.0 percent of patients (3/43) who received cefonicid 0.5-1.0 hour preoperatively, and in 4.3 percent of patients (2/46) who received cefoxitin (p greater than 0.05). Enterococci were isolated most frequently from operative-site infections. When administered 3.5-5.0 hours preoperatively, cefonicid was as effective as more traditional regimens.
Assuntos
Cefonicida/uso terapêutico , Histerectomia , Pré-Medicação , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Cefonicida/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
A prospective, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of single- and multiple-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis for preventing infection in high-risk patients undergoing cesarean section. One hundred fifty-eight patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single perioperative dose of mezlocillin, three doses of mezlocillin or three doses of cefoxitin. The incidence of endometritis was 5.9%, 4.0% and 4.0%, respectively. The incidence of febrile morbidity was 5.9%, 2.0% and 6.1%, respectively. These differences are not statistically significant. The single perioperative dose of mezlocillin was as effective as the three-dose regimen of either mezlocillin or cefoxitin.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/prevenção & controle , Cefoxitina/uso terapêutico , Cesárea , Mezlocilina/uso terapêutico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Pré-Medicação , Adulto , Cefoxitina/administração & dosagem , Método Duplo-Cego , Endometrite/etiologia , Endometrite/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Mezlocilina/administração & dosagem , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Distribuição Aleatória , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologiaAssuntos
Cefoxitina/uso terapêutico , Cesárea , Ácidos Clavulânicos/administração & dosagem , Penicilinas/administração & dosagem , Pré-Medicação , Ticarcilina/administração & dosagem , Corioamnionite/prevenção & controle , Ácido Clavulânico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Endometrite/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções Urinárias/prevenção & controleRESUMO
A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to determine the effectiveness of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in decreasing infectious complications after primary cesarean section. One hundred women at high risk for postoperative infectious morbidity were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or one 2-g dose of ceftizoxime at cord clamping. The incidence of endometritis in the antibiotic group was 6.0 versus 24.5% in the placebo group (P less than .05). The incidence of febrile morbidity in the group receiving one dose of ceftizoxime was 14.0 versus 32.7% in the placebo group (P less than .05). Single-dose ceftizoxime prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of endometritis and febrile morbidity in high-risk patients undergoing cesarean section.
