Radiosensitizing potential of rutin against human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells.

AIM: The present study was focused at evaluating the potential of rutin to improve the radiotherapeutic index and thereby the cytotoxicity towards colon cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HT-29 cells were pre-treated with rutin and the effect on cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay followed by exposure to radiation. After irradiation, experimental groups were sham control, rutin alone, radiation alone, rutin along with radiation-treated HT-29 cells. RESULTS: Cytotoxicity study illustrated that treatment of HT-29 cells with different concentrations of rutin reduced cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After irradiation, the HT-29 cells revealed that the combined effect of 4 Gy radiation and rutin at 80 µM concentration showed a decrease in cell viability as compared to rutin­alone treated and 4 Gy­alone irradiated HT-29 cells. Furthermore, the increase in apoptotic cells, change from normal nuclei to abnormal nuclei, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in DNA damage, increase in levels of lipid peroxidative markers, and decrease in antioxidant status were observed in 4 Gy­ and rutin-treated group as compared to the other treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Combined effect of rutin and radiation in HT-29 cells leads to a more pronounced cell death rate. Thus, rutin exhibits radiosensitizing effects on HT-29 cells (Tab. 4, Fig. 8, Ref. 42).

Evaluation of crestal bone loss and stability of immediate functional loading versus immediate non-functional loading of single-mandibular posterior implants: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the crestal bone loss and stability of single mandibular posterior dental implants placed in immediate functional loading (IFL) and immediate nonfunctional loading (INFL) during 6 months after placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty single piece root form titanium implants were placed in 20 patients using IFL and INFL techniques. The change in the level of crestal bone was measured on standardized digital periapical radiographs using SOPRO imaging software and stability of implants using resonance frequency analyser taken at the baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. The measurements were statistically analyzed using the independent and paired t-test (P < 0.05, statistically significant). RESULTS: The mean change in the crestal bone level from baseline to 6 months was significant in both techniques. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) values at first and third months were lower than those at the baseline for both the groups. However, the ISQ values at the sixth month were similar to baseline for both the groups. The crestal bone changes and the ISQ values when compared between the groups showed no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: IFL of dental implants have equivalent results and success rate as that of immediately provisionalized implants within the limitations of this study.

Modulatory efficacy of rosmarinic acid on premalignant lesions and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths in Western countries and is becoming increasingly common in Asia. Rosmarinic acid (RA), one of the major components of polyphenol possesses attractive remedial features. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible chemopreventive mechanism of action of RA against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the circulatory antioxidant status and colonic bacterial enzymes activities. Additionally, we analyzed the aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation and multiplicity in the colon of experimental groups. Wistar male rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 was control rats, group 2 rats received RA (10 mg/kg b.w., p.o. everyday), rats in groups 3-6 received DMH (20 mg/kg b.w., s.c.) for the first 4 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups 4-6 received 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg b.w. RA respectively. The results revealed that supplementation with RA significantly reduced the formation of ACF and ACF multiplicity in DMH treated rats. Moreover RA supplementation prevented the alterations in circulatory antioxidant enzymes and colonic bacterial enzymes activities. Overall, our results showed that all three doses of RA inhibited carcinogenesis, though the effect of the intermediary dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. was more pronounced.

Comparison of delayed implant placement vs immediate implant placement using resonance frequency analysis: a pilot study on rabbits.

Ten identical implants were equally divided into 2 groups. In the immediate placement (control) group, implants were placed immediately following osteotomy preparation, and in the delayed placement (test) group, implants were placed 2 weeks following osteotomy preparation, in rabbit femurs. Implant stability quotient values for both groups were measured using resonance frequency analysis immediately following placement and at day 40. Results were statistically analyzed and indicate that delayed placement of implants leads to faster rates of osseointegration.

Status of surface treatment in endosseous implant: a literary overview.

The attachment of cells to titanium surfaces is an important phenomenon in the area of clinical implant dentistry. A major consideration in designing implants has been to produce surfaces that promote desirable responses in the cells and tissues. To achieve these requirements, the titanium implant surface can be modified in various ways. This review mainly focuses on the surface topography of dental implants currently in use, emphasizing the association of reported variables with biological outcome.

Dynamic commissural splint.

Microstomia, an abnormally small oral orifice, can manifest as a sequela of burns involving the oral and perioral tissues due to contraction of the tissues and hypotonia of the circumoral musculature. Regardless of the etiology, scar contracture results in deformities that produce esthetic and functional impairment. Changes in the circumoral anatomy prevent optimal dental care and maintenance of good oral hygiene. The anatomic changes may detrimentally alter eating, speech, and mandibular motion. Prosthetic treatment involves providing physical resistance to scar contracture by maintaining the oral commissures in their normal relationship by means of a splint. This article describes a method to fabricate a dynamic commissural splint and describes its use in two cases.

Effect of thermocycling on the flexural strength of porcelain laminate veneers.

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of thermocycling on the flexural strength and development of surface flaws on the glazed surface of porcelain laminate veneer restorations with and without resin luting cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 80 Vitadur alpha dentin porcelain discs (10 mm diameter, 0.9 mm thickness) were glazed on one side and divided into two groups: A (porcelain laminate veneer only without resin luting cement) and B (porcelain laminate veneer luted with resin cement), each containing 40 discs. The discs in groups A and B were then thermocycled at different temperatures and were subjected to SEM analysis to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on crack propagation. Mean flexural strength was determined by using the ball-on-ring test. Student's t -test was used to find out the difference between strength values of the thermocycled porcelain discs and discs luted with resin cement. RESULTS: SEM analysis revealed crack propagation in the subgroups subjected to extremes of temperature, i.e., 4 +/- 1 degrees C, 37 +/- 1 degrees C and 4 +/- 1 degrees C, 65 +/- 1 degrees C in the porcelain laminate veneers luted with resin cement. Flexural strength analysis revealed superior flexural strength for porcelain laminate veneers: 88.58 +/- 6.94 MPa when compared to porcelain laminate veneers luted with resin cement: 8.42 +/- 2.60 MPa. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Student's t -test. CONCLUSION: Laminate veneer specimens exhibited greater flexural strength than those which were luted with resin cements. Laminate veneer specimens luted with resin cement and subjected to extremes of temperature, 4 +/- 1 degrees C and 37 +/- 1 degrees C and 4 +/- 1 degrees C and 65 +/- 1 degrees C, showed a marked decrease in flexural strength. After thermocycling at extremes of temperature, laminate veneer specimens luted with resin cement showed crack propagation. Fit of laminate veneers cannot / should not be compensated by the thickness of luting agent.