Analysis of virulence and drug resistance characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with infectious diarrhea in a hospital in Beijing / 临床检验杂志

Objective To investigate the virulence and drug resistance characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with infectious diarrhea in our hospital.Methods The preliminary identification of microbes was carried out by the VITEK-MS microbial mass spectrometry detection system and virulence genes were detected by the multiplex real-time PCR.Five types of diarrhea-genic Escherichia coli(DEC)clinically isolated from patients with infectious diarrhea in our hospital were identified.The drug resist-ance characteristics of DEC strains were detected by the microbroth dilution and E-test.The drug-resistant molecular characteristics were analyzed by the next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics.The Fisher exact probability method was used for statistical analy-sis.Results The detection rate of DEC in our hospital was 11.9%,with enteroaggregative E.coli(EAEC)accounting for 37.5%,a-typical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli(EPEC)accounting for 34.38%,enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)accounting for 25.0%,and enteroinvasive E.coli(EIEC)accounting for 3.12%.None of enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC)strain was detected.The resistance rates of 32 DEC strains to ampicillin,tetracycline,and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 53.12%,43.75%,and 37.5%,respec-tively.ESBLs(+)strains accounted for 18.75%,and the detection rate of multidrug-resistant strains was 83.83%,significantly higher than that of ESBLs(-)strains(P=0.042).A total of 25 ST genotypes were obtained from 32 DEC strains.The dominant genotypes were ST10(4 strains,12.5%),followed by ST28(2 strains,6.25%),ST31(2 strains,6.25%),ST3153(2 strains,6.25%),and the other 21 genotypes(1 strain,3.13%).One carbapenem resistant strain carrying the blaNDM-1 gene was detected in EAEC.Conclu-sion Four virulence genes such as aggR,pic,astA,and eae,are more common in the DEC of patients with infectious diarrhea in our hospital,with EAEC and EPEC as the main subtypes.The genotypes are highly polymorphic,and multidrug-resistant strains have been detected.

Application and effectiveness of SPD management of consumables and reagents in a public hospital / 中华医院管理杂志

In the context of high-quality development in medical institutions, the supply-processing-distribution(SPD) management mode has gradually been widely applied. The authors described in detail the procurement, supply, inventory, distribution, and settlement management of medical consumables and in vitro diagnostic reagents in a certain hospital under the SPD mode. It was found that SPD was conducive to strengthening the supervision of medical consumables and in vitro diagnostic reagents in the hospital, ensuring quality and safety of use, reducing hospital operating costs, and improving hospital′s competitiveness. However, attention should be paid to preventing data security risks, strengthening operational management, and improving the cost-benefit analysis of in vitro diagnostic reagents.

The potential value of cuprotosis in myocardial immune infiltration that occurs in pediatric congenital heart disease in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass may cause malfunction in the myocardium. Cuproptosis is a novel cell death aggregating mitochondrial proteins. However, the research on cardiopulmonary bypass-caused heart tissue injury in immune infiltration and cuproptosis is limited. METHOD: Immune infiltration, enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network, and medication prediction are applied to reanalysis differentially expressed genes and cuproptosis-related genes in gene expression omnibus data set GSE132176. RESULTS: Seven cuproptosis related genes (PDHA1, LIPT1, LIAS, DLST, DLD, DLAT, and DBT) and dendritic cells and Th1 cells are involved in heart tissue injury in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSIONS: Immune infiltration and cuproptosis are potential mechanisms by which cardiopulmonary bypass surgery may cause damage to heart tissue, which may be a new therapeutic target.

In vitro accelerated release of triptorelin acetate microspheres and the in vivo/in vitro correlation / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish an in vitro accelerated release method of triptorelin acetate microspheres with good in vi-tro/in vivo correlation(IVIVC). Methods The in vivo release of triptorelin acetate from microspheres was obtained by residual method in rats. Influences of pH value,concentration of ethanol,temperature,rotation speed and concentration of antiseptic on the in vitro accel-erated release were studied,then the correlation between in vitro accelerated release and in vivo release of the microspheres was estab-lished by adjusting the release conditions. Results The in vitro accelerated release medium of triptorelin acetate microspheres composed of 15%ethanol solution(containing 0.06%Tween 80 and 0.1%benzalkonium chloride)at 55℃with rotating rate of 200 r/min. The cumulative release of triptorelin acetate from microspheres was 87.35%at 30 h under accelerated release condition,equivalent to in vivo release for 30 days. The established in vitro accelerated release had a good correlation with that of in vivo(y=0.8845x+12.4510, R2=0.9938). Conclusion The in vitro accelerated release of triptorelin acetate microspheres could correlate well with in vivo release and has a potential application in rapid and effective evaluation of triptorelin acetate microspheres.

Determination of related substances for metolazone and valsartan in compound metolazone tablets by HPLC / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish an HPLC method to determine the related substances of metolazone and valsartan in com?pound metolazone tablets. Methods An Agilent Eclipse SB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm) was used with 0.01 mol/L KH2PO4 buffer(pH=3.5)-acetonitrile as the mobile phase with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 30℃ and the detection wavelength was 237 nm. Injection volume was 20 μl. Results Metolazone,valsartan and related sub?stance B of valsartan were separated completely. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 3-30μg/ml for metolazone, 0.1-2.0μg/ml for valsartan and 0.08-2.0μg/ml for related substane B of valsartan. The average recoveries were 102.97%,100.81%and 100.44%,respectively. The repeatability and intermediate precision met with requirements. The test solution was stable within 24 h. Conclusion The method is specific,sensitive,accurate and reliable,thereby can be used for the determination of metolazone and valsartan related substances in compound metolazone tablets.

A quick operating technique and experience of tail vein injection in conscious rats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To introduce the operation skills of tail vein injection in conscious rats , and improve the success rate of ingection .Methods The rat was fixed by the operator with a self-made binding clothes , one person assists to fix the rat tail, one person performs puncture , and one person performs injection .During the injection process , we should minimize the injury to the rat tail and the stress caused by operation , strictly limit the needle point , the number of puncture , the maximum dose and injection speed , and to make the needle position away from the injection site to avoid contamination and waste of the drug solution .Results The operation method was successfully established and it was fast , stable, with good repeatability and high degree of coordination .Conclusion This operation is rapid, reliable and stable, worthy of recommendation , especially for the intravenous injection of expensive drugs .