RESUMO
The quality of the recorded diagnosis is a major limit to the usefulness of Cancer Registry statistics that is easily overlooked by users of the data. With data from a large population-based cancer registry as an example, we demonstrate how Registry statistics could be improved by wider use of three simple indices, namely (1) the proportion histologically verified (adjusted for age), (2) the proportion of verified cases with an uninformative diagnosis, and (3) the proportion of cases that are staged. We believe that greater awareness of the deficiencies of Cancer Registry statistics will lead to a more critical interpretation of them, and help stimulate efforts to rectify matters.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Sistema de Registros/normas , Idoso , Inglaterra , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Estatística como AssuntoRESUMO
Completeness of ascertainment is a central issue for any disease register. We outline the process of cancer registration as carried out in a large population-based Registry and argue that none of the various methods proposed to estimate the completeness of ascertainment are satisfactory. We suggest an alternative way of looking at the issue and describe various constraints that hamper attempts to achieve complete registration.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Sistema de Registros , Atestado de Óbito , Humanos , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Controle de Qualidade , Medicina EstatalRESUMO
The relation of occupation to the risk of testicular cancer was investigated in a case-control study using data from the files of the South Thames Cancer Registry. Risks by age and histology subdivisions of the tumour were investigated since there is epidemiological evidence of differences in aetiology between these subdivisions but no previous systematic study of occupational risks by age and histology. Analyses were conducted comparing 1605 cases of testicular cancer incident in the region during 1958-77 with 7187 controls selected from other cancers incident in men in the region during the same period. The greatest risks of testicular cancer overall were for administrators and managers, sales workers, professional and allied workers, electrical workers, and clerical workers; these occupations were generally also at high risk of subdivisions of the tumour age and histology. Risk of testicular cancer overall and in each age and histology subgroup was greater in men of high than of low occupation based social class. Occupations with high risk of testicular cancer for their social class are of particular interest for further investigation of possible occupational risk factors; occupations with this characteristic for testicular cancer overall or in subdivisions in the present and some previous data are farmers, electrical workers, and paper and printing workers.
Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Inglaterra , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/patologia , Ocupações , Fatores de Risco , Classe Social , Neoplasias Testiculares/etiologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/patologiaRESUMO
A clinic-based case-control study was set up in 1961 to examine a variety of aetiological factors in malignant melanoma cases compared with controls with other non-malignant skin conditions. The 268 cases and 1577 controls showed odds ratios of 1.9 for red hair, 2.0 for skin that burns in the sun, and no difference between indoor and outdoor workers or between Celts and other Europeans, consistent with the results of more recent studies. Exposure to 16 specific chemicals was recorded in the study and, among these, men exposed to cutting oils were found to have a significantly raised odds ratio of 1.91. Other statistically significant findings were an elevated risk among women diabetics, particularly in the postmenopausal age group, and a reduced risk of 0.7 among cigarette smokers.
Assuntos
Melanoma/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Complicações do Diabetes , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Óleos Industriais/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Recreação , Fatores de Risco , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Clima Tropical , Reino UnidoAssuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição/terapia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , Fatores Etários , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/cirurgia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Distribuição Aleatória , Fatores Sexuais , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgiaRESUMO
Three thousand, six hundred and four patients with carcinoma of the prostate attending the Royal Marsden Hospital, St Peter's Hospitals and all non-teaching hospitals of the South Metropolitan regions were reviewed, in addition, data from 1869 cases of prostatic carcinoma registered in the 2 South Metropolitan regions with determinable social class were compared with data collected from both teaching and non-teaching hospitals. Carcinoma of the prostate showed an increased incidence with decreasing socio-economic class.
