[Morphofunctional changes in the vascular system of the rabbit brain in rocking during anti-orthostatic position and administration of dimephosphon]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia sosudistoi sistemy golovnogo mozga krolikov pri ukachivanii v antiortostaticheskom polozhenii i primenenii dimefosfona.

It was demonstrated by experiment that exposure of non-anesthetized rabbits to rocking in the head-down position at -30 degrees led to acidosis, hypoxemia and hypercapnia, changes in impedance components that were suggestive of water imbalance in the cerebral tissue, paralytic dilation of microcirculation vessels, subarachnoidal hemorrhages, hyaline thrombi, stasis and sludge-syndrome, small perivascular extravasates in different brain compartments, marked perivascular and pericellular edema. Pretreatment with dimephosphone prevented or attenuated significantly acidosis, water imbalance, and pathomorphological disorders in the vascular system, nervous and glial elements of the brain of the rabbits examined.

[Changes in the cerebral hemodynamics under the influence of piracetam and fenibut during motion sickness]. / Izmeneniia tserebral'noi gemodinamiki pod vliianiem piratsema i fenibuta pri ukachivanii.

In the experiments on conscious rabbits with the electrodes implanted in the brain it was found by the methods of hydrogen clearance and polarography that piracetam (50 and 500 mg/kg) and phenibut (50 mg/kg) induced a decrease of the local blood flow in the cortex of the frontal, temporal and occipital regions and the total cerebral blood flow. The administration of the drugs before tilting prevents the occurrence of vasodilatation in the brain and results in a decrease of the blood flow in the cortex and in the confluence of the cerebral venous sinuses that is thought to be connected with the mechanism of an increase of the vestibular stability under the influence of GABA derivatives.

Role of cholinergic mechanisms in alterations of rabbit brain functional activity during sea-sickness.

Using the hydrogen-clearance method in chronic experiments on alert rabbits, we investigated the dynamics of changes in local and total cerebral blood-flow, oxygen pressure, bioelectrical activity of the motor, auditory, and visual zones of the cerebral cortex, the heart rate during sea-sickness and the effect of the cholinolytic scopolamine upon changes in these indices. It was found that scopolamine affects the character and direction of changes in both local and overall blood flow in the brain during sea-sickness. Scopolamine does not substantially alter oxygen pressure in the cortical structure of the brain and does not eliminate brachycardia arising during sea-sickness. On the electrocorticogram (ECoG), it does cause an intensification of activational processes and an increase in the total bioelectrical activity, especially in the motor zones of the cerebral cortex. It is suggested that the protective effect of scopolamine during sea-sickness is connected with its central cholinolytic action and with the decrease it brings about in the cerebral hemodynamics and bioelectrical activity of the cerebral cortex arising during "motion sickness."

[The cerebrovascular effects of motion sickness]. / Tserebro-vaskuliarnye éffekty ukachivaniia.

In rabbits with implanted electrodes, a diminished reactivity of vascular vessels to functional tests of physical and chemical nature was revealed although the level of cerebral blood flow generally increased. This suggests a reduction of compensatory capacity of the brain circulation system which can result in a change of the brain tissue water balance under the effects leading to an alteration of cerebral outflow and sometimes accompanying seasickness. This was corroborated by the evidence on a change in cerebral tissue impedance under the combined effect of antiorthostatism and seasickness, as well as by the evidence on dynamics of cerebral rheogram pulse waves.

[The effect of pyridoxine on the cerebral hemodynamics in vestibular disorders]. / Vliianie piridoksina na tserebral'nuiu gemodinamiku pri vestibuliarnykh rasstroistvakh.

By means of hydrogen clearance on conscious rabbits with implanted platinum electrodes it was established that pyridoxine (1 and 10 mg/kg) used against the background of sea sickness decreased the dilatational reaction of the cerebral vessels occurring during the stimulation of the vestibular apparatus, reduced the blood supply to the cerebral hemispheres with insignificant changes of oxygen tension in the cortical structures, relieved acidosis and hypoxemia developing during sickness in the orthostatic position, increased oxygenation of the arterial blood without influencing significantly pathomorphological shifts in the brain tissue.

[Effect of dimephosphon on the blood circulation and oxygen tension in the brain of normal waking rabbits and in motion sickness]. / Vliianie dimefosfona na krovoobrashchenie i napriazhenie kisloroda v golovnom mozge bodrstvuiushchikh krolikov v norme i pri ukachivanii.

By using methods of hydrogen clearance and polarography it was shown that rocking of conscious rabbits is followed by an increase of total cerebral blood flow, local blood flow and oxygen tension (pO2) in the frontal, occipital and temporal brain cortex during hypotension and a decrease of the heart rate. Dimephosphon causes a decrease of the cerebral blood flow both during the stationary position of animals and rocking, exerting a weak influence on pO2 in the cerebral cortex, arterial blood pressure and the heart work.

[Effect of ephedrine on the blood supply and oxygen regimen of the brain during motion sickness]. / Vliianie éfedrina na krovosnabzhenie i kislorodnyi rezhim golovnogo mozga pri ukachivanii.

In chronic experiments on conscious rabbits it was found by the method of hydrogen clearance and polarography that intravenous injections of ephedrine hydrochloride (1 and 5 mg/kg) attenuate cerebral vessels reactions in vestibular disorders caused by sickness, reduce or prevent an increase of the blood flow in the brain as a whole or in individual cortical structures, exert no significant effect on oxygen tension in the brain.

[Changes in the functional activity of cortical brain structures and their blood supply during motion sickness in the alert rabbit]. / Izmeneniia funktsional'noi aktivnosti korkovykh struktur mozga i ikh krovosnabzhenie pri ukachivanii u bodrstvuiushchikh krolikov.

In alert rabbits, sea sickness induced an increase in the cerebral blood supply, alteration of the ECoG frequency components, bradycardia, hypotension. Different responses of the bioelectrical activity were revealed in summer and winter. The enhancement of bioelectrical activity and blood flow in the motor cortex were shorter than in the auditory and visual areas. These changes become more obvious in repeated fits of sea sickness and gradually reduced later on. In winter, the responses of the rabbit electrophysiological parameters are more obvious and longer lasting than in summer. The blood supply parameters preserved in summer whereas the ECoG changes returned to initial values faster in summer.

[Circulation and oxygen tension in the brain of the alert rabbit during motion sickness]. / Krovoobrashchenie i napriazhenie kisloroda v golovnom mozge bodrstvuiushchikh krolikov pri ukachivanii.

Sea sickness in alert rabbits induced an increase in the local blood flow in frontal, occipital and temporal cortex as well as an increase of the total blood flow in the brain. The blood flow increases first in the temporal cortex. The changes occur at an unaltered pO2 level in the brain cortex and hypotensive response. The blood flow increase seems to be due to reflex dilatory effects of the vestibular apparatus on the brain vessels and to intensification of metabolism in result of general activation of cortical structures.

[Effect of antihistaminic agents on the blood supply to the brain in stimulation of the vestibular apparatus]. / Vliianie antigistaminnykh sredstv na krovosnabzhenie golovnogo mozga pri razdrazhenii vestibuliarnogo apparata.

It has been established in chronic experiments on intact rabbits by the hydrogen clearance method that stimulation of the vestibular apparatus leads to an appreciable increase in the overall brain blood flow and in the regional blood flow in the frontal, occipital and temporal areas of the brain along with the development of motion sickness. Intravenous injections of diprazine (1 mg/kg) and suprastin (2 mg/kg) noticeably reduce the brain vascular reactions during vestibular disorders, diminish or prevent the increased blood flow in the brain or in its individual areas, occurring in motion disease of animals.

[Blood flow changes in the brain, kidneys and caudal vena cava as affected by diprazin]. / Izmeneniia krovotoka v mozge, pochkakh i kaudal'noi poloi vene pod vliianiem diprazina.

It has been shown by hydrogen clearance that diprazine (1 mg/kg) given to anesthetized cats reduces the total brain blood flow and local circulation in the cortex of the frontal lobe in the presence of a decrease in arterial pressure and blood flow in the kidneys and caudal vena cava. In intact rabbits, there is an increase in the total and local circulation in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain followed by a decrease. Diprazine-induced changes in the brain blood flow are phasic in nature and characterized by labile redistribution of the blood flow between the different brain lobes. Cerebral vascular responses to diprazine have been found to be most pronounced in intact animals.