RESUMO
Thrombotic microangiopathies are rare disorders characterized by the concomitant occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and a variable degree of ischemic end-organ damage. The latter particularly affects the brain, the heart, and the kidneys. The primary forms, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), although their clinical presentations often overlap, have distinctive pathophysiologies. TTP is the consequence of a severe ADAMTS-13 deficiency, either immune-mediated as a result of circulating autoantibodies, or caused by mutations in ADAMTS-13. HUS develops following an infection with Shiga-toxin producing bacteria, or as the result of excessive activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system because of mutations in genes encoding complement system proteins.
Assuntos
Proteína ADAMTS13 , Via Alternativa do Complemento , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/fisiopatologia , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Trombótica/fisiopatologia , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica/patogenicidade , Proteína ADAMTS13/sangue , Proteína ADAMTS13/deficiência , Proteína ADAMTS13/genética , Proteína ADAMTS13/imunologia , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Via Alternativa do Complemento/genética , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/genética , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/imunologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/genética , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/imunologia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Humanos , Mutação , Prognóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Trombótica/enzimologia , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Trombótica/genética , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Trombótica/imunologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
A spin-type centrifugal spreader was evaluated using fresh and aged poultry litter upon dry mass, product nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), incubation study soil available N and particle size distribution patterns. Relative to the aged litter (37% moisture content), the fresh litter (17% moisture content) had greater <1.00 mm particle size fraction weights and atmospheric particulate was launched, which posed as a potential fallout to adjacent fields, waterways and residences. Relative to the aged litter, the broadcast fresh litter resulted in higher coefficients of variation (CV) over its transverse distance, a narrower calculated space distance between passes for uniform spread and lower soil available N concentrations. For nitrogen application over the broadcast transverse distance the fresh litter displayed a high R(2) best fit 4th order polynomial distribution pattern, while the aged litter showed high R(2) best fit 6th order polynomial distribution pattern. A soil incubation study of the fresh and aged broadcast litter resulted in a more variable or lower R(2) best fit 2nd order polynomial distribution pattern. For both the fresh and aged litter, the calculated distance between passes to achieve a uniform mass distribution was greater than that required for the broadcast of soil available N. For the fresh litter, the soil available N and litter P concentration levels strongly correlated (relatively high p and R(2) values) with the <1.00 mm fraction weight, while for the aged litter this relationship was not as significant. In addition to reducing the health risk (i.e. pathogens, antibiotic residues and resistant bacteria) and/or environment issues (particulate fallout onto waterways, adjacent fields and/or residences) our study mass, particulate and N distribution patterns results suggest that poultry litter should be allowed to age before broadcast application is attempted.
Assuntos
Agricultura/instrumentação , Fertilizantes/análise , Nitrogênio/análise , Fósforo/análise , Potássio/análise , Agricultura/métodos , Animais , Esterco , Tamanho da Partícula , Aves DomésticasAssuntos
Efedrina/intoxicação , Intoxicação por Manganês/complicações , Intoxicação por Manganês/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/complicações , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana/métodos , Adulto , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Stroke is a major global health problem. It is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability. INTERHEART, a global case-control study of acute myocardial infarction in 52 countries (29,972 participants), identified nine modifiable risk factors that accounted for >90% of population-attributable risk. However, traditional risk factors (e.g. hypertension, cholesterol) appear to exert contrasting risks for stroke compared with coronary heart disease, and the etiology of stroke is far more heterogeneous. In addition, our knowledge of risk factors for stroke in low-income countries is inadequate, where a very large burden of stroke occurs. Accordingly, a similar epidemiological study is required for stroke, to inform effective population-based strategies to reduce the risk of stroke. METHODS: INTERSTROKE is an international, multicenter case-control study. Cases are patients with a first stroke within 72 h of hospital presentation in whom CT or MRI is performed. Proxy respondents are used for cases unable to communicate. Etiological and topographical stroke subtype is documented for all cases. Controls are hospital- and community-based, matched for gender, ethnicity and age (+/-5 years). A questionnaire (cases and controls) is used to acquire information on known and proposed risk factors for stroke. Cardiovascular (e.g. blood pressure) and anthropometric (e.g. waist-to-hip ratio) measurements are obtained at the time of interview. Nonfasting blood samples and random urine samples are obtained from cases and controls. Study Significance: An effective global strategy to reduce the risk of stroke mandates systematic measurement of the contribution of the major vascular risk factors within defined ethnic groups and geographical locations.
Assuntos
Projetos de Pesquisa Epidemiológica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologiaAssuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Seguimentos , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Polônia/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Unidades Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Especializados/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapêutico , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/estatística & dados numéricos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Europa Oriental/epidemiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Número de Leitos em Hospital , Humanos , Incidência , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Terapia Trombolítica/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
DNAs of four individuals demonstrating abnormalities in sexual development and mosaic 45,XO/46,XY karyotypes with terminal deletions of Yq were studied using a number of Y-specific probes. The results of these analyses allowed us to map several known DNA fragments within deletion interval 6 in the following order: Ycen-pDP105B/52dA, 50f2E, Fr25-II/Fr15-II, 50f2C, 49f-Yqter (groups of fragments in undetermined order separated by diagonal lines).