RESUMO
Real-time ultrasound studies of the head were performed on 96 infants weighing 1500 g or less. This population represented all such infants admitted within the first 72 hours of life to a neonatal intensive care unit over a 9-month period. Intracranial subependymal/intraventricular hemorrhage occurred in 22 (23%) of the infants. Of these 13 (59%) developed ventricular enlargement. Four other infants, in whom hemorrhage was not identified, also developed ventricular enlargement. When it occurred, the ventricular enlargement developed within 2 weeks of the hemorrhage in 77% of cases. It reached its maximum size within 2 weeks in 65% of cases. In 9 of 16 cases the maximal ventricular enlargement was categorized as mild. Spontaneous arrest or resolution of the ventriculomegaly occurred in all but two cases, who required shunting. Clot resolution was slow. It was complete at 3 weeks in only 5 of 18 cases.
Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Doenças do Prematuro/diagnóstico , Ultrassonografia , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicações , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/complicações , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/complicações , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Routine head ultrasound scans have been performed on 185 consecutive infants weighing under 1500 g at birth. In 40 of these infants a significant difference in the size of the lateral ventricles was observed on one or more occasions. In 38 of these infants the left ventricle was larger than the right. The aetiology of this ventricular asymmetry is unknown. It is not believed to be due to germinal matrix or ventricular haemorrhage, hydrocephalus or the position of the infant at the time of scanning.
Assuntos
Ventrículos Cerebrais , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Ultrassonografia , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/diagnósticoRESUMO
It is essential to recognize radiation pneumonitis after whole lung irradiation, or nodular changes in response to chemotherapy, so that such conditions are not mistaken for tumor metastases, causing grave error in patient management and the possibility of further lung damage.
Assuntos
Pneumonia/etiologia , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitário/etiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Sarcoma de Ewing/radioterapia , Sarcoma de Ewing/secundárioRESUMO
The radiographic evidence of free air in the abdomen is usually associated with gastrointestinal perforations which represent a surgical emergency. However, pneumoperitoneum may also develop in a variety of benign conditions and following diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. This article provides a comprehensive list of nonsurgical causes of pneumoperitoneum.
Assuntos
Pneumoperitônio/etiologia , Humanos , Pneumoperitônio/diagnóstico por imagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
Experimental studies of pneumoperitoneum in left lateral decubitus and erect positions were made in various phases of respiration to evaluate the visibility of small amounts of free intraperitonel air. Films were also made with various positions of the central ray of the x-ray beam. The expiratory left lateral decubitus film nd the mid-inspiratory chest film demonstrated the small pneumoperitoneums best. Both inspiration and expiration chest films are recommended inm the refilming and expiration chest films are recommended in the refilming sequence if a clinically suspected pneumoperitoneum is not visualized initially. In all cases the central ray of the x-ray beam should be at the highest level fo the peritoneal cavity.
