Co-creation to Develop Interventions to Facilitate Deep Reflection for Dental Students.

Background: Deep reflective practice is important in healthcare education to allow students to explore emotions associated with the learning experience, access deeper learning and develop their personal and professional identity. Previous research demonstrated that the current methods of reflective practice using logbooks at the end of a clinical session to facilitate reflection within this setting were viewed as suboptimal by staff and student users. To address this problem co-creation, or a 'students as partners' approach, was used to develop and implement a comprehensive intervention to facilitate deep reflection for undergraduate dental students. This included the production of educational resources, and development of an online safe space to reflect. Approach: In this paper we discuss the process of using co-creation with undergraduate dental students as a research methodology to successfully produce curricular change with respect to reflective practice by involving the voice and experience of student partners. These student partners were part of a team that included researchers and teaching staff and worked with other stakeholders within the institution within a wider team. Evaluation: This paper demonstrates the positive benefits of using co-creation with undergraduate dental students for students such as increased confidence, developing professional and personal skills and impacting meaningful change. Reflection: For researchers and educators, the process gave motivation and enjoyment in curricular development to address pedagogical problems and ensured that the developed intervention was sustainable and appropriate. The paper discusses benefits and challenges of co-creation to develop curricular change. This co-creation approach is recommended for solving similar problems in healthcare education.

A cohort-based nutrition ECHO for community health workers.

Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Nevada applied the ECHO virtual hub-and-spoke telementoring model over nine 6-week cohorts (between November 2019 and November 2021) supporting community health workers (CHWs) who advise clients with diabetes or pre-diabetes. This study describes the program implementation, including evaluation data collection efforts. Didactic topics included 'Intro to Healthy Eating and Easy Wins' to 'Grocery Shopping, Cooking Tips, Reading Labels, Meal Plans' and 'Reducing Bias and Being a Good Role Model'. Spoke participants signed up to review cases. Seventy-three of the enrolled participants (n = 100) attended three or more of the six sessions. Spoke participants completed 42 case presentations. The average self-efficacy increased from 2.7 [standard deviation (SD): 1.1] before completing the program to 4.1 (SD: 0.8) after completing the program. Average knowledge scores increased from 71 (SD: 16) before completing the program to 83 (SD: 14) after completing the program. Five group interviews drew actionable feedback that was incorporated into the program. Key elements of the ECHO model were successfully incorporated to support educational goals of a cohort of CHWs in nutritional coaching. Our program evaluation data tracking system shows non-significant but encouraging results regarding self-efficacy improvement and knowledge retention.

Predicting back pain treatment outcomes among workers' compensation patients: important information for clinical neuropsychologists.

Low back pain is an increasingly prevalent and costly issue in the United States. It is a particularly relevant problem for Workers' Compensation patients, who typically experience worse surgical and functional outcomes than their non-compensated counterparts. Neuropsychologists often provide intervention and assessment services to compensated patients with back pain, and thus it is critical they possess a basic understanding of the factors that might predispose an injured worker to poor spine surgery outcomes. This paper will review the current literature regarding presurgical biopsychosocial factors which have been implicated in poor back surgery outcomes among injured workers. We provide some tentative guidelines for neuropsychologists to utilize in providing services to injured workers with back pain.

Client self rated adult attachment patterns and the therapeutic alliance: a systematic review.

Attachment theory has been proposed as a suitable framework within which to understand and explore the therapeutic alliance. This review systematically explores research that has examined the relationship between clients' self reported attachment patterns and the therapeutic alliance. Methodological characteristics and study findings are reviewed and discussed with the aim of concluding whether assessing clients' attachment patterns would be beneficial to therapy. In spite of inconsistencies with regards to the measurement and conceptualisation of attachment and the alliance, the evidence suggests that clients who rate themselves as having a more secure attachment pattern are likely to rate the alliance as stronger. The implications of this for therapeutic practice are discussed.

A day with Blake: hope on a medical-surgical unit.

All nurses care for patients who change their lives forever. Blake was one of those patients. Blake's story and the interventions his nurse (Amie) instituted illustrate a hope-promoting framework that medical-surgical nurses can use every day in practice.