Biocompatibility of Modified Osteoinductive Calcium-Phosphate Coatings of Metal Implants.

The cellular and molecular aspects of immunological compatibility of modified osteoinductive calcium-phosphate coatings formed on technically pure titanium VT1-0 by the plasma electrolytic oxidation technology are studied. The technique of coating modified the process of human peripheral blood leukocyte activation in vitro. The most pronounced functional changes were observed in neutrophil population during whole blood contact with titanium sample without coating and with coating formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation on titanium alloy. Sealing of the oxidation layer pores by ultradispersed polytetrafluoroethylene leads to reduction of cell activation. Composite coatings with ultradispersed polytetrafluoroethylene applied by the electrophoretic method are characterized by the best biocompatibility. The data demonstrate the possibility of modifying biomaterial surfaces for inflammatory response control.

[Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Brown Alga Fucus evanescens and Their Enzymatic Transformation Product on Functional Activity of Innate Immunity Cells.]

The effect of sulfated polysaccharides (PS) from brown alga Fucus evanescens and their enzymatic transformation and low molecular weight product on the functional activity of the innate immunity cells, i.e. polymorphonuclear leukocytes of human peripheral blood (NF) was comparatively studied. The in vitro NF contact with PS resulted in significant changes in the functional activity of NF, evident from higher density of molecules CD69, CD14, CD11b on the cell membranes with simultaneous lowering of that of CD62L and increased phagocytic and bactericidal activity of NF. The low molecular weight product resulting from fucoidan transformation with fucoidanases showed a higher effect on the level of the molecules CD14, CD11b and CD62L expression vs. the high molecular weight PS.

[Modification of Levels of Adhesion Molecule Expression of Human Innate Immune Cells by Glycopolymers of Marine Bacteria].

By flow cytometry it was demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide of marine proteobacteria Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens alter the expression of adhesion molecules on human neutrophils and monocytes, reducing the expression level of molecules CD62L and increasing the expression of CD11b, CD11c and CD54.

[Comparative study of immunomodulatory activity of peptides, tinrostim and thymalin].

The immunomodulatory activity of peptide drugs i.e. tinrostim (dosage form) prepared of squid optical ganglia and pharmacopoeia thymain was studied. Tinrostim showed a stimulating effect on the humoral and cellular nimmune responses when administered parenterally in experimental animals, as well as on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, comparable to the effect of thymalin. It was demonstrated that both the peptide drugs increased the production of pro-(TNFa, IL-1) and antiinflammatory (IL- 10) cytokines in the culture of intact cells of peripheral blood in vitro. It is essential that when tinrostim was used in 10-fold different doses (0.005 mg / kg and 0.05 mg /kg) in mice, the effect of the lower dose was comparable to the effect of the higher dose.

[Inhibition of prokaryote and eukaryote cells adhesion by sea proteobacteria Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens KMM 156 lipopolysaccharide and its fragments].

The impact of Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens KMM 156 lipopolysaccharide and its fragments on adhesion of prokaryote and eukaryote cells was studied. The lipopolysaccharide and O-specific polysaccharide identical by its structure to capsular polysaccharide lowered the number of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bacteria attached to sheep erythrocytes and adhesion of mouse neutrophils to plastic. The kora oligosaccharide had no effect on the processes.

Modification of biological activity of lipopolysaccharide in the complex with chitosan.

In the complex with chitosan, lipopolysaccharide partially lost its ability to induce lymphokines tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-8, but retained immunostimulating properties and increased phagocytic function of macrophages by improving digestion of bacteria.

[Immunotropic properties of exoglycan obtained from the marine micro-organism Vibrio alginolyticus]. / Immunotropnye svoistva ékzoglikana morskogo mikroorganizma Vibrio alginolyticus.

Immune system modulating activity of exoglycane isolated from culture media of Vibrio alginolyticus (strain 945-80) was investigated. The substance demonstrated stimulating activity on the humoral and cell immune system, potentiated phagocyte activity of macrophage and neutrophils, increased survival index of the animals infected by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

[Immunotropic activity of panaxans--bioglycans isolated from ginseng]. / Izuchenie immunotropnoi aktivnosti panaksanov--bioglikanov, vydelennykh iz zhen'shenia.

Immunomodulating activity of panaxanes--polysaccharides isolated from the roots and culture of Panax ginseng was studied. Effects of both preparations were analogous. Profilaxy use of panaxanes provided increased resistance to coli-sepsis in mice, increased neutrophiles and macrophages phagocytosis, stimulated humoral and cell immune factors and induced important regulating cytokins--interferone gamma and tumor necrosis factor.

[Interferon-inducing action of polysaccharide-containing biopolymers from ginseng root and cell culture]. / Interferonindutsiruiushchee deistvie polisakharidsoderzhashchikh biopolimerov iz kornia i kul'tury kletok zhen'shenia.

Induction of interferon (IF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) under the action of two polysaccharide preparations of ginseng i.e. panaxan-1 (from ginseng root) and panaxan-2 (from ginseng cell culture) was studied. Both the preparations induced production of TNF and IF in human leukocytes. By its properties and the typing results the induced IF proved to be gamma-IF. The preparation from the ginseng cell culture in the doses used had a higher IF inducing activity which could be explained by the difference in the polysaccharide composition of the preparations.

[Therapeutic-prophylactic milk products with a new immunocorrector of natural origin]. / Lechebno-profilakticheskie molochnye produkty s novym immunokorrektorom prirodnogo proiskhozhdeniia.

Authors had received and investigated on experiment milk medical and prophylactic products (milk and kefir) with addition peptide, obtained from nervous tissue of squids. It has been established that addition of gangliin to the milk and kefir causes stimulation cellular and humoral factors of immunity answer at laboratory animals. Medical and prophylactic milk products with gangliin return to the normal state reduced immunity indexes of the mice with experimental immunodeficits.

[Immunostimulating activity of the lipopolysaccharides of blue-green algae]. / Immunostimuliruiushchaia aktivnost' lipopolisakharidov sine-zelenykh vodoroslei.

The whole cells of blue-gree algae and lipopolysaccharides isolated from these cells were shown to stimulate the production of macro-(mainly) and microglobulin antibodies in rabbits. The macro- and microphage indices in rabbits increased significantly after the injection of LPS isolated from blue-green algae 24--48 hours before infecting the animals with a virulent Y. pseudotuberculosis strain. Besides, the inhibiting action of this strain on the migration of phagocytes to the site of infection was abolished immediately after the injection. The use of the indirect hemagglutination test allowed to prove the absence of close antigenic interrelations between blue-green algae and the following organisms: Spirulina platensis, Microcystis aeruginosa, Phormidium africanum and P. uncinatum.