[Effect of lomefloxacin on the synthesis of antibodies to vaccine EV fraction I and hemagglutinins]. / Vliianie lomefloksatsina na sintez antitel k I fraktsii vaktsiny EV i gemaggliutininov.

Multifactor analysis of the lomefloxacin effect on the primary immune response to T-independent bacterial antigen (vaccine EV fraction 1) and to T-dependent cellular antigen (SRBC) in mice was performed with the use of a wide range of the antibiotic concentrations and the dosage time. It was shown that lomefloxacin in the doses corresponding to the average therapeutic ones used for 3-9 days had no effect on the content of the IgG antibodies, was able to increase the level of the IgM antibodies and insignificantly lowered the concentration of the IgA antibodies.

[The effect of norfloxacin on the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adhesion of leukocytes]. / Vliianie norfloksatsina na liuminolzavisimuiu khemiliuminestsentsiiu i adgeziiu leikotsitov.

The in vitro effect of norfloxacin on the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of guinea pigs was studied with the use of a wide range of the drug concentrations from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml under two different conditions, i.e. during the cell incubation in the presence of norfloxacin various concentrations and after the cell washing to remove the drug. In a concentration of 1 microgram/ml norfloxacin stimulated the zymosan-induced chemiluminescence. When the drug was used in a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, the stimulating effect was less pronounced. In a concentration of 100 mu/ml norfloxacin significantly inhibited the leukocyte chemiluminescence. In concentrations of 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml norfloxacin had no effect on the leukocyte adherence to the plastic surface covered by albumin.

[Effect of ciprofloxacin on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adhesion of leukocytes]. / Vliianie tsiprofloksatsina na liuminolzavisimuiu khemiliuminestsentsiiu i adgeziiu leikotsitov.

The in vitro effect of ciprofloxacin on the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of guinea pigs was studied with the use of a wide variety of the drug concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 micrograms/ml under two different conditions: during incubation of the cells in the presence of the drug different concentrations and after the cell washing to remove ciprofloxacin. In concentrations of 1 to 100 micrograms/ml ciprofloxacin lowered the chemiluminescence at the average by 20 per cent and in a concentration of 1000 micrograms/ml the drug completely inhibited it. In concentrations of 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml ciprofloxacin lowered as well the leukocyte adherence.

[Multifactor analysis of ciprofloxacin action on the content of various classes of antibodies to EV vaccine fraction 1 and hemagglutinins]. / Mnogofaktornyi analiz deistviia tsiprofloksatsina na soderzhanie razlichnykh klassov antitel k 1 fraktsii vaktsiny EV i hemaggliutininov.

The action of ciprofloxacin on the content of antibodies of the IgG, IgM and IgA classes in the blood serum of mice immunized by the EV vaccine fraction 1 as well as on the content of hemagglutinins to sheep erythrocytes was studied in a multifactor analysis with the use of a wide variety of the doses and administration times. In the doses corresponding to the average therapeutic ones ciprofloxacin increased the content of the antibody classes and especially that of IgG. When administered prior to the immunization the antibiotic stimulated the production of the hemagglutinins.

[Multifactor analysis of the action of norfloxacin on the humoral immune response]. / Mnogofaktornyi analiz deistviia norfloksatsina na gumoral'nyi immunnyi otvet.

Multifactor analysis of the norfloxacin action on the primary immune response to the bacterial antigen (EV vaccine fraction 1) and cellular antigen (sheep erythrocytes) in mice was carried out with using a wide variety of the doses and administration times. In the doses corresponding to the average therapeutic ones norfloxacin was shown to have no effect on the humoral immune response to the bacterial and cellular antigens. In the subtherapeutic doses norfloxacin increased it thus mainly stimulating the synthesis of the IgM antibodies. In the doses exceeding the therapeutic ones the antibiotic lowered the antibody content. The diverse type immunoregulatory action of norfloxacin on the content of the IgG and IGM antibodies could be useful in the rational choice of fluoroquinolones for the treatment of patients with selective deficiency of immunoglobulins of various classes.

[Effect of pefloxacin on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and leukocyte adhesion]. / Vliianie pefloxacin na liuminolzavisimuiu khemiliuminestsentsiiu i adgeziiu leikotsitov.

The in vitro action of pefloxacin on the luminole-dependent chemiluminescence and adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of guinea pigs was studied within a wide range of the concentrations from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml. Pefloxacin did not influence the peak values of the chemiluminescence while in concentrations of 0.1 to 10 micrograms/ml it retarded its attenuation. After incubation of the leukocytes in the presence of 100 micrograms/ml of pefloxacin and the subsequent washing out the drug there was observed a decrease in the chemiluminescence. In concentrations of 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml pefloxacin had no significant effect on the leukocyte adherence.

[Immunomodulating action of peptidoglycan of microbial origin]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee deistvie peptidoglikana mikrobnogo proiskhozhdeniia.

The action of a high molecular weight peptidoglycan produced by Agrobacter radiobacter sp. on the functional activity parameters in leukocytes and macrophages i. e. chemotaxis and adhesion was studied. It was shown that the peptidoglycan had a stimulating action on the chemotaxis of cells of the peritoneal exudate. A marked stimulating action of the drug on the primary immune response to the tissue antigen of sheep erythrocytes was observed. The peptidoglycan stimulated the antibody titers and delayed hypersensitivity when administered in various periods after an antigenic stimulus. Multifactorial experiments on the protective action of the peptidoglycan in experimental infections were carried out. Second-order polynomial statistic models characterizing the animal survival rate were constructed and the dose-time parameters of the drug use were optimized.

[Effect of rifampicin on the synthesis of antibodies to fraction I of vaccine EV]. / Vliianie rifampitsina na sintez antitel k I fraktsii vaktsiny EV.

Multifactorial analysis was used to study the influence of rifampicin on the dynamics of synthesis of antibodies belonging to IgM and IgG classes in mice immunized by fraction I of the vaccinal strain EV. Equations and quadric surfaces describing individual dynamics of antibody formation within a wide range of antibiotic doses and time of antibody content determination were developed by the experimental data. It was shown that within the range of the doses corresponding to the therapeutic ones in man rifampicin stimulated antibody formation. It had an inhibitory effect on antibody genesis only when used in the doses many times higher than the therapeutic ones.

[Effects of rifampicin and doxycycline on the production of hydrogen peroxide by macrophages]. / Vliianie rifampitsina i doksitsiklina na produktsiiu perekisi vodoroda makrofagami.

The influence of rifampicin and doxycycline on oxidative metabolism of macrophages was estimated in vitro by production of hydrogen peroxide. It was shown that low concentrations of rifampicin and doxycycline stimulated production of hydrogen peroxide by macrophages of guinea pigs. In concentrations of 1 to 10 micrograms/ml corresponding to the mean therapeutic ones doxycycline increased both the spontaneous and zymosan-induced production of hydrogen peroxide by the macrophages. The potentiating activity of doxycycline on the cells activated by opsonized zymosan was higher. The maximum increase in the induced production of hydrogen peroxide (by 40 per cent) was observed when the antibiotic concentration was 1 microgram/ml. Rifampicin in concentrations of 0.1 to 1 microgram/ml corresponding to the mean therapeutic ones stimulated the zymosan-induced production of hydrogen peroxide by the macrophages. The maximum increase in the production of hydrogen peroxide (by 22 per cent) was noted at the rifampicin concentration of 1 microgram/ml.

[Effect of doxycycline on leukocyte adhesion in a multifactorial experiment]. / Izuchenie deistviia doksitsiklina na adgeziiu leikotsitov v mnogofaktornom éksperimente.

The multifactorial analysis was applied to study the effect of doxycycline on leukocyte adhesion to a plastic within wide ranges of the values of experimental factors such as doxycycline concentrations and magnesium and calcium ions. The data were computer-processed and second-order equations characterizing the influence of the factors on adhesion were derived. It was shown that the effect of the ions on adhesion was non-single-valued; accurate quantitative models describing the ion effect on adhesion were developed when the concentration of doxycycline was changed.

[Effect of doxycycline on immune response in a multifactorial experiment]. / Izuchenie deistviia doksitsiklina na immunnyi otvet v mnogofaktornom éksperimente.

Multifactorial analysis was applied to studies on the effect of doxycycline on the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes. The experimental factors were the following: the antibiotic dose, the antigen dose and the time of the onset of the antibiotic therapy with respect to the antigen action. Polynomial statistic models describing the delayed hypersensitivity and antibody titers within wide ranges of factor values were designed by the experimental data. It was shown that the prophylactic use of doxycycline prior to the antigenic stimulus markedly lowered the high-dose tolerance induced by high doses of the antigen.

[Study of general toxic and organotropic properties of clindamycin in long-term experiments]. / Izuchenie obshchetoksicheskikh i organotropnykh svoistv klindamitsina v khronicheskikh éksperimentakh.

The action of clindamycin monohydrate on the general state and weight rise, liver and kidney functions, peripheral blood count and pathomorphological state of the viscera was studied on rats in chronic experiments. Clindamycin was administered to laboratory animals orally in doses of 50, 100, 150 and 300 mg/kg. It was shown that some adverse reactions to the drug and in particular disorders in blood coagulation and morphological changes in the intestine did not depend on its dose and were due to duration of the drug use and probable development of dysbacteriosis. At the same time the disorders in the liver and kidney functions though transitory did depend, to a greater extent, on the dose and were evident after the antibiotic overdosage.

[Effect of rifampicin and doxycycline on leukocyte chemotaxis]. / Vliianie rifampitsina i doksitsiklina na khemotaksis leikotsitov.

It was shown experimentally that in a dose corresponding to the average therapeutic one for man rifampicin was able to stimulate in vivo directed migration of neutrophils to the inflammation foci in mice CBA. Doxycycline used in a dose corresponding to the average therapeutic one was able to activate neutrophils and to increase chemotaxis. Intraperitoneal administration of doxycycline to guinea pigs induced liberation of large counts of neutrophils with marked segmentation of the nuclei to the peritoneal cavity. The cells induced by doxycycline had a higher capacity for chemotaxis under agarose as compared to the control.

[Study of general toxic and organotropic properties of ampicillin combined with sulbactam]. / Izuchenie obshchetoksicheskikh i organotropnykh svoistv kombinatsii ampitsillina s sul'baktamom.

The effect of sulacillin, a combination of sulbactam and ampicillin (1:2), on the functions of the liver and kidneys, peripheral blood count, cardiovascular and central nervous systems was studied in acute and chronic experiments on animals of various species. The allergenic and local irritating properties of the combination were also studied. It was shown that the combination was low toxic and the interaction of sulbactam and ampicillin by the lethal effect was additive. When the combination was administered intravenously to mice, its LD50 amounted to 6 g/kg. In chronic experiments on rats parenterally given the combination in doses equivalent to the therapeutic ones there were no changes in the examined systems and organs. When used in the doses exceeding the therapeutic ones, sulacillin used during long periods induced a transitory elevation of blood levels of transaminases and alkaline phosphatases, an increase in the relative weight of the liver and kidneys, elongation the typhlon and an increase in glycogen levels in the hepatocytes without morphological changes. The combination had no significant effect of sulacillin and the painful injections alleviated by local anesthesia were recorded. The allergenic properties of the combination were moderate and did not differ from those of ampicillin. The data indicate that the combined sulacillin preparation greatly resembles its foreign analogue.

[Biologic activity and tolerance of a preparation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, obtained by a microbiological route ["biopolyene"]]. / Biologicheskaia aktivnost' i perenosimost' preparata polinenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot, poluchaemykh mikrobiologicheskim putem ["biopoliena"].

Biopolyene is a mixture of ethyl ethers of polyunsaturated fatty acids isolated from biomass of Entomophthora virulenta, a mycelial fungus. Its acute and chronic toxicity was studied on rats and guinea pigs. After oral administration of the preparation in single doses exceeding 50 g/kg there were no disorders in the general state of the rats. In chronic experiments with oral biopolyene in doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg and its local application to the intact skin of the animals in a dose of 1 g/kg there were no significant changes in the functional state of the liver and kidneys as well as the peripheral blood count. Insignificant changes in the serum levels of liver enzymes and coagulation were transient. The preparation showed no allergenic or immunomodulating effects. It had neither embryotoxic, teratogenic nor mutagenic action.

[Effect of rifampicin and doxycycline on the chemiluminescence of leukocytes]. / Vliianie rifampitsina i doksitsiklina na khemiliuminestsentsiiu leikotsitov.

The effect of rifampicin and doxycycline on spontaneous and zymosan-induced chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied on guinea pigs. The cells were incubated in the presence of the antibiotics, washed and stimulated by zymosan. Under such conditions rifampicin in therapeutic doses of 0.1 to 10 micrograms/kg and doxycycline in a dose of 100 micrograms/kg potentiated the leukocyte chemiluminescence. Investigation of the antibiotics effect on the cells without washing failed because of the direct interference of rifampicin and doxycycline with the cell-independent stage of the chemiluminescent reaction.

[Mg2+-dependent doxycycline-induced inhibition of leukocyte adhesion]. / Zavisimoe ot Mg2+ tormozhenie adgezii leikotsitov, vyzvannoe doksitsiklinom.

The method for estimating in vitro leukocyte adhesion was modified in relation to investigation of the effect of antibiotics and other pharmacological agents on cell activation. The adhesion intensity was estimated in standard 96-cavity microplates from the content of beta-hexosaminidase in the adherent cells. That made it possible to easily automatize the method by using the equipment for enzyme immunoassay. It was shown that spontaneous and induced adhesion of guinea pig leukocytes depended on temperature and bivalent ions. The level of spontaneous adhesion mainly depended on Mg ions. Doxycycline, 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml, did not induce degranulation of leukocytes and had no cytotoxic action. Doxycycline in supratherapeutic concentrations (greater than 10 micrograms/ml) inhibited the spontaneous leukocyte adhesion. In special experiments it was found that the doxycycline's inhibitory effect was partially reversible and associated with ++chelation of Mg ions rather than Ca ones.