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1.
Front Psychiatry ; 13: 883517, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35832600

RESUMO

Clinicians play an important role in promoting safe and responsible medical cannabis use. One essential component to safe use is considering a patient's risk of neurocognitive impairment. However, there remains a lack of practical guidance on how clinicians can evaluate this risk for medical cannabis patients. Here, a practical framework is presented for clinicians to assess and stratify cannabis-associated impairment risk. The proposed framework is intended to practically guide healthcare providers in gaining a more comprehensive review of a patient's impairment-related factors. This framework can be used to assess impairment risk for patients currently using or considering medical cannabis and is recommended for all patients who perform safety-sensitive duties. Healthcare providers (HCP) managing patient's medical cannabis or those conducting assessments to determine risk of impairment for safety-sensitive workplaces can utilize this framework to stratify patients' risk of impairment. Such assessments can inform patient-specific needs for support, education, and guidance, to ensure cannabis is used safely and responsibly.

2.
CJEM ; 21(4): 492-498, 2019 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31006398

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Opioid-related emergency department (ED) visits have increased significantly in recent years. Our objective was to evaluate an ED-initiated buprenorphine/naloxone program, which provided rapid access to an outpatient community-based addictions clinic, for patients in opioid withdrawal. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed within a health system encompassing four community EDs in Ontario, Canada. Patients were screened for opioid withdrawal between April 2017-December 2017 and offered buprenorphine/naloxone treatment and referral to outpatient addictions follow-up. The main outcome measure was treatment retention in the six-month period after the index visit. RESULTS: The overall sample (N = 49) showed high healthcare utilization in the year prior to the index ED visit. 88% of patients (n = 43) consented to ED-initiated buprenorphine/naloxone and were referred to outpatient addictions follow-up, with 54% attending the initial follow-up visit. In the 6-month follow-up period from the index ED visit, 35% of patients were receiving ongoing buprenorphine/naloxone treatment and 2.3% were weaned off opioids. Patients with ongoing treatment had significantly lower number of ED visits at 3 and 6 months (3 and 10, respectively) compared to patients who did not show up for outpatient follow-up (28, 40) or started/stopped treatment (23, 41). CONCLUSIONS: Screening for opioid use disorder in the ED and initiating buprenorphine/naloxone treatment with rapid referral to an outpatient community-based addictions clinic led to a 6-month treatment retention rate of 37% and a significant reduction in ED visits at 3 and 6 months. Buprenorphine/naloxone initiation in the ED appears to be an effective intervention, but further research is needed.


OBJECTIF: Le nombre de consultations aux services des urgences (SU) motivées par l'usage des opioïdes a augmenté de façon importante au cours des dernières années. L'étude visait à évaluer l'efficacité d'un programme de traitement des troubles afférents par la buprénorphine (BPN) et la naloxone, entrepris au SU et suivi d'un accès rapide à des services communautaires de consultation externe pour le traitement de la dépendance chez les patients présentant un syndrome de sevrage aux opioïdes. MÉTHODE: Il s'agit d'un examen rétrospectif de dossiers médicaux, réalisé dans un réseau de santé constitué 4 SU communautaires, en Ontario, au Canada. Les patients présentant des symptômes de sevrage aux opioïdes ont d'abord été repérés entre avril 2017 et décembre 2017, puis se sont vu offrir un traitement par la BUP et la naloxone avec aiguillage vers un service de consultation externe pour le suivi. Le critère d'évaluation principal consistait en la poursuite du traitement au cours de la période de 6 mois suivant la consultation de référence. RÉSULTATS: L'analyse de l'échantillon global (n = 49) a révélé une forte utilisation des services de santé au cours de l'année précédant la consultation de référence au SU. Dans l'ensemble, 88% des patients (n = 43) ont accepté l'offre de traitement entrepris au SU, puis ont été dirigés vers un service de consultation externe pour le suivi; 54% de ces derniers sont allés à la première consultation. Durant le suivi de 6 mois après la consultation de référence au SU, 35% des patients étaient encore en traitement et 2,3% des participants étaient sevrés. Les patients encore fidèles au traitement ont connu un nombre significativement moins élevé de consultations au SU au bout de 3 mois et de 6 mois (3 et 10, respectivement) que les patients qui ne sont pas présentés au service de consultation externe (28, 40) ou qui ont entrepris le traitement mais qui ne l'ont pas poursuivi (23, 41). CONCLUSION: Le dépistage des troubles liés à l'usage des opioïdes, au SU, et l'instauration du traitement par la BUP et la naloxone avec aiguillage rapide vers un service communautaire de consultation externe pour le traitement de la dépendance se sont traduits par un taux de rétention des patients de 37% au bout de 6 mois et par une réduction significative du nombre de consultations au SU au bout de 3 mois et de 6 mois. L'instauration du traitement au SU semble donc une intervention efficace, mais il faudrait poursuivre la recherche sur le sujet.


Assuntos
Combinação Buprenorfina e Naloxona/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/terapia , Encaminhamento e Consulta/estatística & dados numéricos , Centros de Tratamento de Abuso de Substâncias , Adulto , Canadá/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
Harm Reduct J ; 4: 15, 2007 Oct 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17971216

RESUMO

Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) is among the most widely studied treatments for opiate dependence with proven benefits for patients and society. When misused, however, methadone can also be lethal. The issue of methadone diversion is a major concern for all MMT programs. A potential source for such diversion is from those MMT patients who receive daily take home methadone doses. Using a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method, seven of the nine patients who were randomly selected to have all of their remaining methadone take home doses (within a 24 hour period) analyzed, returned lower than expected quantities of methadone. This finding suggests the possibility that such patients may have tampered with their daily take home doses. Larger prospective observational studies are clearly needed to test the supposition of this pilot study.

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