RESUMO
During routine bilateral dissection of 64 upper limbs in 32 adult human cadavers, four cases of an axillary arch, a muscular anomaly, were found. In one case, the axillary arch presented on both sides and in two cases it presented unilaterally on the right side. The innervation and relationships of the axillary arches are reported and the surgical significance of the anomaly is discussed.
Assuntos
Axila/anormalidades , Axila/inervação , Músculo Esquelético/anormalidades , Músculo Esquelético/inervação , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/etiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/patologia , Tendões/anatomia & histologia , Tendões/inervaçãoRESUMO
During routine dissection in the Morphological Sciences Department II of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, the presence of a sternalis muscle was observed in the left hemithorax of a 70-year-old male cadaver. We report on its position, relationships, and innervation, as well as its clinical relevance, indicating some guidelines for its physical examination. We also present a brief overview of the existing literature regarding the nomenclature, historical reports, and incidence of this muscle.
Assuntos
Músculos Peitorais/anatomia & histologia , Esterno , Idoso , Humanos , Nervos Intercostais/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/anatomia & histologia , Músculos Peitorais/anormalidades , Músculos Peitorais/inervação , Esterno/anatomia & histologia , Tórax/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
This work which is based on the study of eight human embryos of 4,5 to 13,6 mm from the Madrid collection, and also on six plastic reconstructions made by the BORN method, and on experiments on chick embryos (ligature of the left vitelline vein in embryos, 3 days of incubation) enables us to reach the following conclusions: no true rotatiorial movements take place during normogensis. Only ventromedial rotation of the right ventricle is observed in stages 12 to 14. This rotation will place the right ventricle, and therefore the vestibulum pulmonalis in front of the aortic infundibulum. We consider that the initiation of cardiac septation is to a great extent due to hemodynamic. causes. During normogenesis in all cases, from the earliest stages of development the presumptive pulmonary outflow tract is always anterior and to the right of the presumptive aortic tract. We do not agree with the statement of GOOR and EDWARDS and VAN PRAAGH R. and VAN PRAAGH S. (1965), that in some stages the presumptive coni of the aorta and pulmonalis are arranged inversely to the way in which they will arranged later.
